{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7222929619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.617884","title":"Daytime observation technique for Fe Boltzmann Lidar","display_name":"Daytime observation technique for Fe Boltzmann Lidar","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7222929619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.617884","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42972769"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/oe.617884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.617884","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.617884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178776955","display_name":"Optics Express","issn_l":"1094-4087","issn":["1094-4087"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.617884","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159086057","display_name":"Wei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2334-866X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2334-866X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261497","display_name":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS","ror":"https://ror.org/05cy2r844","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2334-866X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101480169","display_name":"Xuewu Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6716-5774","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6716-5774"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261497","display_name":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS","ror":"https://ror.org/05cy2r844","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Xuewu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101454213","display_name":"Wentao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1824-2414","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1824-2414"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136324864","display_name":"Polar Research Institute of China","ror":"https://ror.org/027fn9x30","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136324864"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang Wentao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polar Research Institute of China, No. 451, Jinqiao Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200136, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polar Research Institute of China, No. 451, Jinqiao Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200136, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136324864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159078008","display_name":"xianxin li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130071","display_name":"Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation","ror":"https://ror.org/037z0v527","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130071"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142748","display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8d6y55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Xianxin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853","https://openalex.org/I4210130071","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159026528","display_name":"shuo Fang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180585399","display_name":"Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/00prkya54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180585399","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Shuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180585399"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159092478","display_name":"Guotao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5455-0396","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5455-0396"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115570","display_name":"National Space Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nnjtm50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Guotao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Space Science Center"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5455-0396","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Space Science Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052605232","display_name":"Chao Ban","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-4267","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-4267"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152758","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0424h4e32","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ban Chao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Atmospheric Physics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159046922","display_name":"Rui Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136324864","display_name":"Polar Research Institute of China","ror":"https://ror.org/027fn9x30","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136324864"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang Rui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polar Research Institute of China, No. 451, Jinqiao Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200136, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polar Research Institute of China, No. 451, Jinqiao Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200136, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136324864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159087422","display_name":"zhangjun wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130071","display_name":"Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation","ror":"https://ror.org/037z0v527","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130071"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142748","display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8d6y55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang Zhangjun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853","https://openalex.org/I4210130071","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159045534","display_name":"chunlei xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1549-5945","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1549-5945"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180585399","display_name":"Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/00prkya54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180585399","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Chunlei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1549-5945","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180585399"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103701023","display_name":"Lifang Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4276-4805","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4276-4805"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115570","display_name":"National Space Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nnjtm50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Du Lifang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Space Science Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Space Science Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159058991","display_name":"Shuwen Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180585399","display_name":"Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/00prkya54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180585399","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang Shuwen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180585399"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159078891","display_name":"Kaijie Ji","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261497","display_name":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS","ror":"https://ror.org/05cy2r844","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji Kaijie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159049050","display_name":"sihan xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261497","display_name":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS","ror":"https://ror.org/05cy2r844","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Sihan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159062859","display_name":"Yong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3334-8543","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3334-8543"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261497","display_name":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS","ror":"https://ror.org/05cy2r844","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Yong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3334-8543","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159068183","display_name":"Xin Lin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261497","display_name":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS","ror":"https://ror.org/05cy2r844","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Xin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159085336","display_name":"Linmei Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261497","display_name":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS","ror":"https://ror.org/05cy2r844","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu Linmei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102485728","display_name":"Weilin Pan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152758","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0424h4e32","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pan Weilin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Atmospheric Physics","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159029459","display_name":"Faquan Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261497","display_name":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS","ror":"https://ror.org/05cy2r844","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Faquan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261497"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2270},"apc_paid":{"value":2270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2270},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67870785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"22","first_page":"41941","last_page":"41941"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11127","display_name":"Solid State Laser Technologies","score":0.27810001373291016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11127","display_name":"Solid State Laser Technologies","score":0.27810001373291016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.21549999713897705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.15600000321865082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/daytime-observations","display_name":"daytime observations","score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrow-linewidth-laser","display_name":"narrow-linewidth laser","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-parametric-oscillator","display_name":"optical parametric oscillator","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-parametric-amplifier","display_name":"optical parametric amplifier","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-frequency-stabilization","display_name":"laser frequency stabilization","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/background-light-suppression","display_name":"background light suppression","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mesosphere-and-lower-thermosphere","display_name":"mesosphere and lower thermosphere","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-temperature-measurement","display_name":"air temperature measurement","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-dynamics","display_name":"atmospheric dynamics","score":0.47999998927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162725370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52643","display_name":"Daytime","level":2,"score":0.745199978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.6963000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.569599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5496000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54308172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367365","display_name":"Atmospheric optics","level":2,"score":0.4666999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.46380001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.34209999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.31529998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.29409998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54644633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5473287","display_name":"Forward scatter","level":3,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35304006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5962","display_name":"Boltzmann constant","level":2,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120456961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Light scattering","level":3,"score":0.2506999969482422}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1364/oe.617884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.617884","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.617884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178776955","display_name":"Optics Express","issn_l":"1094-4087","issn":["1094-4087"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42972769","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42972769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics express","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/oe.617884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.617884","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.617884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178776955","display_name":"Optics Express","issn_l":"1094-4087","issn":["1094-4087"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1520689271","https://openalex.org/W1555117658","https://openalex.org/W1688624954","https://openalex.org/W1964802290","https://openalex.org/W1967536640","https://openalex.org/W1978842448","https://openalex.org/W1994465666","https://openalex.org/W2030544835","https://openalex.org/W2031844631","https://openalex.org/W2034633569","https://openalex.org/W2052294817","https://openalex.org/W2163565354","https://openalex.org/W2363826931","https://openalex.org/W2735563470","https://openalex.org/W2981455654","https://openalex.org/W3012511496","https://openalex.org/W3012745348","https://openalex.org/W4406967422","https://openalex.org/W4415906110"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036983894","https://openalex.org/W2163565354","https://openalex.org/W2030544835","https://openalex.org/W2992085549","https://openalex.org/W2041837215","https://openalex.org/W2380353945","https://openalex.org/W1978842448","https://openalex.org/W2087791437","https://openalex.org/W2083002151","https://openalex.org/W4221068933"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,60],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,38,92],"Fe":[4,111],"Boltzmann":[5],"temperature-measuring":[6],"lidar":[7,112],"featuring":[8],"narrow-linewidth":[9],"solid-state":[10],"lasers":[11],"and":[12,25,72,81,91,104,126],"daytime":[13,101,106],"detection":[14],"capability":[15],"is":[16,64],"presented.":[17],"The":[18,108],"system":[19,63,97],"adopts":[20],"seed-injected":[21],"optical":[22],"parametric":[23],"oscillator":[24],"amplifier":[26],"technology,":[27],"effectively":[28,98],"compressing":[29],"the":[30,49,53,56,62,96,124],"laser":[31,50],"linewidth":[32],"to":[33,52],"below":[34],"200":[35],"MHz.":[36],"Moreover,":[37],"frequency":[39],"stabilization":[40],"scheme":[41,116],"based":[42],"on":[43],"potassium":[44],"saturated":[45],"absorption":[46],"spectroscopy":[47],"locks":[48],"wavelength":[51],"center":[54],"of":[55,78,120],"iron":[57],"resonance":[58],"lines.":[59],"addition,":[61],"equipped":[65],"with":[66,75,86],"dual-wavelength":[67],"etalons":[68],"at":[69],"372":[70],"nm":[71],"374":[73],"nm,":[74],"filter":[76],"bandwidths":[77],"8.3":[79],"GHz":[80],"9.8":[82],"GHz,":[83],"respectively.":[84],"Together":[85],"high-precision":[87],"coordinated":[88],"temperature-pressure":[89],"control":[90],"large-aperture":[93],"receiving":[94],"telescope,":[95],"suppresses":[99],"intense":[100],"background":[102],"light":[103],"enables":[105],"observations.":[107],"demonstrated":[109],"daytime-capable":[110],"provides":[113],"an":[114],"effective":[115],"for":[117],"precise":[118],"probing":[119],"atmospheric":[121],"dynamics":[122],"in":[123],"mesosphere":[125],"lower":[127],"thermosphere.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-10-20T00:00:00"}
