{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7222916216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16101524","title":"Salivary Proteomics Reveals Disease- and Therapy-Associated Molecular Patterns in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis","display_name":"Salivary Proteomics Reveals Disease- and Therapy-Associated Molecular Patterns in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7222916216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16101524","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42939778","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13702458"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/biom16101524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16101524","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16101524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210236520","display_name":"Biomolecules","issn_l":"2218-273X","issn":["2218-273X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomolecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16101524","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077958749","display_name":"Giulia Guadalupi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0448-276X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0448-276X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giulia Guadalupi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0448-276X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001017600","display_name":"Cristina Contini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-4675","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-4675"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristina Contini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-4675","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159032998","display_name":"Chiara Piras","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chiara Piras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112950146","display_name":"Giada Pisano","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giada Pisano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023238625","display_name":"Jessica Frau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9068-9144","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9068-9144"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jessica Frau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081298128","display_name":"Giuseppe Fenu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0198-0488","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0198-0488"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Fenu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000752471","display_name":"Giancarlo Coghe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3796-3279","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3796-3279"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giancarlo Coghe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114072198","display_name":"Greca Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6908-3433","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6908-3433"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Greca Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6908-3433","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053953521","display_name":"Massimo Castagnola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0959-7259","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0959-7259"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802557943","display_name":"Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic","ror":"https://ror.org/00rg70c39","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802557943"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimo Castagnola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0959-7259","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802557943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075728453","display_name":"Irene Messana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1436-6105","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1436-6105"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irene Messana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1436-6105","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045457706","display_name":"Giacomo Diaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1214-2383","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1214-2383"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giacomo Diaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1214-2383","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034622865","display_name":"Tiziana Cabras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7535-9825","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7535-9825"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiziana Cabras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7535-9825","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003972131","display_name":"Alessandra Olianas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4238-3233","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4238-3233"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandra Olianas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4238-3233","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088425753","display_name":"Eleonora E. Cocco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3878-8820","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3878-8820"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eleonora Cocco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3878-8820","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064646553","display_name":"Barbara Manconi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2880-9915","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2880-9915"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Barbara Manconi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2880-9915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048070907","display_name":"Lorena Lorefice","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-2908","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-2908"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lorena Lorefice","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-2908","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048070907","https://openalex.org/A5064646553"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7941035,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"10","first_page":"1524","last_page":"1524"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10519","display_name":"Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications","score":0.005799999926239252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11521","display_name":"Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relapsing-remitting-multiple-sclerosis","display_name":"relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salivary-proteome","display_name":"salivary proteome","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-modifying-therapy","display_name":"disease-modifying therapy","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noninvasive-biomarkers","display_name":"non-invasive biomarkers","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-response-monitoring","display_name":"treatment response monitoring","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innate-immunity","display_name":"innate immunity","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutrophil-degranulation","display_name":"neutrophil degranulation","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokine-signaling","display_name":"cytokine signaling","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-death-pathways","display_name":"cell death pathways","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-folding","display_name":"protein folding","score":0.8610000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104397665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860947","display_name":"Proteome","level":2,"score":0.8118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780640218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8277","display_name":"Multiple sclerosis","level":2,"score":0.7281000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504460877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155925","display_name":"Saliva","level":2,"score":0.649399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162317418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252857","display_name":"Transcriptome","level":4,"score":0.590499997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46111723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471857","display_name":"Proteomics","level":3,"score":0.5727999806404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5174999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31827203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874296","display_name":"Tandem mass spectrometry","level":3,"score":0.4577000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4474000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.40639999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73090800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6466869","display_name":"Label-free quantification","level":5,"score":0.3862999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.36809998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.3571000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779018089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17014303","display_name":"Fold change","level":4,"score":0.3427000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86153913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7682439","display_name":"Tandem mass tag","level":5,"score":0.3425000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018260909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1322871","display_name":"Exploratory analysis","level":2,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80311884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268939","display_name":"Quantitative proteomics","level":4,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.26919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778473898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145110","display_name":"Repertoire","level":2,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012463","descriptor_name":"Saliva","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020529","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020529","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020543","descriptor_name":"Proteome","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D040901","descriptor_name":"Proteomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053719","descriptor_name":"Tandem Mass Spectrometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/biom16101524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16101524","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16101524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210236520","display_name":"Biomolecules","issn_l":"2218-273X","issn":["2218-273X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomolecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13702458","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13702458/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13702458/pdf/biomolecules-16-01524.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomolecules","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42939778","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42939778","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomolecules","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7aa2c0ea055e4c87b32b8954dcb63b99","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7aa2c0ea055e4c87b32b8954dcb63b99","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Biomolecules, Vol 16, Iss 10, p 1524 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unica.it:11584/496865","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/16/10/1524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196293","display_name":"UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","host_organization_name":"University of Cagliari","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/biom16101524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16101524","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16101524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210236520","display_name":"Biomolecules","issn_l":"2218-273X","issn":["2218-273X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomolecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.987500011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313987","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7222916216.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7222916216.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055412909","https://openalex.org/W2067786443","https://openalex.org/W2105206040","https://openalex.org/W2110065044","https://openalex.org/W2112165124","https://openalex.org/W2135635362","https://openalex.org/W2156665896","https://openalex.org/W2164280230","https://openalex.org/W2208217844","https://openalex.org/W2587268848","https://openalex.org/W2750879452","https://openalex.org/W2777074421","https://openalex.org/W2796437903","https://openalex.org/W2886077162","https://openalex.org/W2892382515","https://openalex.org/W2909270098","https://openalex.org/W2914396477","https://openalex.org/W2924906393","https://openalex.org/W2986177219","https://openalex.org/W2999493559","https://openalex.org/W3032082124","https://openalex.org/W3037726491","https://openalex.org/W3111801841","https://openalex.org/W3133724771","https://openalex.org/W3157816897","https://openalex.org/W3187953582","https://openalex.org/W3208691473","https://openalex.org/W4206958459","https://openalex.org/W4286602909","https://openalex.org/W4288035971","https://openalex.org/W4312113544","https://openalex.org/W4313584967","https://openalex.org/W4318457371","https://openalex.org/W4323845910","https://openalex.org/W4379056650","https://openalex.org/W4385422693","https://openalex.org/W4388448512","https://openalex.org/W4389077301","https://openalex.org/W4391251959","https://openalex.org/W4391320609","https://openalex.org/W4407668684","https://openalex.org/W4413210066","https://openalex.org/W4413384181","https://openalex.org/W4415243732","https://openalex.org/W7155497160","https://openalex.org/W7162759002","https://openalex.org/W7220427705"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2886077162","https://openalex.org/W7162759002","https://openalex.org/W2344273930","https://openalex.org/W4401894374","https://openalex.org/W7146989569","https://openalex.org/W6920885655","https://openalex.org/W3194006284","https://openalex.org/W4413210066","https://openalex.org/W1993759374","https://openalex.org/W1224550439"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multiple":[0],"sclerosis":[1],"(MS)":[2],"is":[3],"a":[4,140,200],"chronic":[5],"immune-mediated":[6],"disease":[7],"for":[8,203],"which":[9,71,132,147],"non-invasive":[10,208],"biomarkers,":[11],"able":[12],"to":[13,162],"detect":[14],"disease-":[15],"and":[16,42,79,99,107,136,178,196,207],"treatment-associated":[17,94,211],"molecular":[18,205],"changes,":[19],"are":[20,105,166],"needed.":[21],"We":[22],"characterized":[23],"the":[24,75,163],"whole-saliva":[25],"proteome":[26,194,213],"of":[27,46,70,113,122,142,146,187,210],"patients":[28],"with":[29,55,88,191],"relapsing-remitting":[30],"(RR)":[31],"MS":[32],"at":[33,97],"baseline":[34],"before":[35],"treatment":[36,115],"initiation":[37],"(MS-T0;":[38],"n":[39,50,59],"=":[40,51,60],"66)":[41],"after":[43],"six":[44,185],"months":[45,186],"disease-modifying":[47],"therapy":[48,188],"(MS-T1;":[49],"40),":[52],"in":[53,153,169,215],"comparison":[54],"healthy":[56],"controls":[57],"(HC;":[58],"31).":[61],"Nano-liquid":[62],"chromatography-high-resolution":[63],"tandem":[64],"mass":[65],"spectrometry":[66],"identified":[67,103,164],"1305":[68],"proteins,":[69,144],"209":[72],"differed":[73],"among":[74],"main":[76],"comparisons.":[77],"Pairwise":[78],"paired":[80],"analyses":[81],"distinguished":[82],"persistent":[83],"RRMS-associated":[84],"alterations,":[85],"baseline-attenuation":[86],"patterns":[87,104,165],"changes":[89,152,195],"shifting":[90],"towards":[91],"HC":[92],"levels,":[93],"differences":[95],"emerging":[96],"MS-T1,":[98],"longitudinal-only":[100],"alterations.":[101],"The":[102,120],"descriptive":[106],"cannot":[108],"be":[109],"interpreted":[110],"as":[111,199],"evidence":[112],"pharmacological":[114],"effects":[116],"or":[117],"clinical":[118],"response.":[119],"existence":[121],"specific":[123],"RRMS":[124],"alterations":[125],"was":[126,189],"supported":[127],"by":[128],"exploratory":[129],"Random":[130],"Forest,":[131],"classified":[133],"HC,":[134],"MS-T0":[135],"MS-T1":[137],"samples":[138],"using":[139],"panel":[141],"50":[143],"most":[145],"(96%)":[148],"also":[149],"showed":[150],"significant":[151],"univariate":[154],"tests.":[155],"Reactome":[156],"enrichment":[157],"evidenced":[158],"that":[159,184],"proteins":[160],"pertaining":[161],"mainly":[167],"involved":[168],"innate":[170],"immunity,":[171],"neutrophil":[172],"degranulation,":[173],"cell-death":[174],"pathways,":[175],"cytokine":[176],"signalling,":[177],"protein":[179],"folding.":[180],"These":[181],"findings":[182],"indicate":[183],"associated":[190],"substantial":[192],"salivary":[193,212],"support":[197],"saliva":[198],"candidate":[201],"biofluid":[202],"longitudinal":[204],"monitoring":[206],"detection":[209],"variations":[214],"RRMS.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-10-20T00:00:00"}
