{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7222808084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101615","title":"Development and validation of a novel scale to evaluate dog owners' knowledge and awareness of ticks and tick-borne diseases","display_name":"Development and validation of a novel scale to evaluate dog owners' knowledge and awareness of ticks and tick-borne diseases","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7222808084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101615","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42964311","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13720160"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898245483","display_name":"One Health","issn_l":"2352-7714","issn":["2352-7714"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"One Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101615","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050306944","display_name":"Salar Zarrabi Ahrabi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3543-061X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3543-061X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74897591","display_name":"Marmara University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kswqa67","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Salar Zarrabi Ahrabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Basic Health Science, Health Sciences Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3543-061X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Basic Health Science, Health Sciences Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101048897","display_name":"Zeynep Dil\u015fah KARA\u00c7AM YILMAZ","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74897591","display_name":"Marmara University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kswqa67","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeynep Dil\u015fah Kara\u00e7am Yilmaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Midwifery, Health Sciences Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Midwifery, Health Sciences Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026543538","display_name":"G\u00f6k\u00e7e Merey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0759-1299","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0759-1299"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74897591","display_name":"Marmara University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kswqa67","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G\u00f6k\u00e7e Merey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Basic Health Science, Health Sciences Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Basic Health Science, Health Sciences Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158960016","display_name":"Sait Alizade","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155419210","display_name":"Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch","ror":"https://ror.org/03187yj51","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I155419210"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sait Alizade","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate in Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate in Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155419210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158980771","display_name":"Sude Su","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74897591","display_name":"Marmara University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kswqa67","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sude Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Basic Health Science, Health Sciences Institute, Marmara University, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Basic Health Science, Health Sciences Institute, Marmara University, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158978783","display_name":"Irem Vatansever","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115600380","display_name":"Bal\u0131kesir University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tv7db43","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irem Vatansever","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Bal\u0131kesir University, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Bal\u0131kesir University, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115600380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058785447","display_name":"G\u00fcrkan Aky\u0131ld\u0131z","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8610-5174","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8610-5174"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74897591","display_name":"Marmara University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kswqa67","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G\u00fcrkan Akyildiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Basic Health Science, Health Sciences Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Basic Health Science, Health Sciences Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158946253","display_name":"Ay\u015fen Gargili Kele\u015f","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74897591","display_name":"Marmara University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kswqa67","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ay\u015fen Gargili Kele\u015f","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Basic Health Science, Health Sciences Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Basic Health Science, Health Sciences Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050306944"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74897591"],"apc_list":{"value":3080,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3080},"apc_paid":{"value":3080,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3080},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80112658,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":null,"first_page":"101615","last_page":"101615"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10296","display_name":"Vector-borne infectious diseases","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10296","display_name":"Vector-borne infectious diseases","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13117","display_name":"Health Education and Validation","score":0.006399999838322401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2922","display_name":"Research and Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12492","display_name":"Zoonotic diseases and public health","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tick-borne-disease","display_name":"tick-borne diseases","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ticks","display_name":"ticks","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dog-owners","display_name":"dog owners","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-and-awareness","display_name":"knowledge and awareness","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-development","display_name":"scale development","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zoonoses","display_name":"zoonoses","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personal-protective-measures","display_name":"personal protective measures","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/content-validity","display_name":"content validity","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct-validity","display_name":"construct validity","score":0.9580000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.631600022315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6172999739646912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49453240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1592163","display_name":"Construct validity","level":3,"score":0.5321000218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165957694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421350","display_name":"Exploratory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.4984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40722632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5160137","display_name":"Confirmatory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.49639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.48350000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.45669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58916136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1663508","display_name":"Content validity","level":3,"score":0.44670000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.40549999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.388700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3864000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.38029998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018868096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2693233","display_name":"Internal consistency","level":3,"score":0.37790000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991862235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Animal health","level":2,"score":0.3474999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3409999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70364389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18757","display_name":"Validity","level":3,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3154999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.30390000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.27410000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779620486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10304508","display_name":"Tick","level":2,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116211729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5372350","display_name":"Test validity","level":3,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898245483","display_name":"One Health","issn_l":"2352-7714","issn":["2352-7714"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"One Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13720160","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13720160/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13720160/pdf/main.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"One Health","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42964311","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42964311","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4d5738472b024272ab561713670dd1b6","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4d5738472b024272ab561713670dd1b6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"One Health, Vol 23, Iss , Pp 101615- (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898245483","display_name":"One Health","issn_l":"2352-7714","issn":["2352-7714"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"One Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5683000087738037,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7222808084.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7222808084.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998623504","https://openalex.org/W1999035120","https://openalex.org/W2020136993","https://openalex.org/W2020938276","https://openalex.org/W2021491198","https://openalex.org/W2036315367","https://openalex.org/W2091604112","https://openalex.org/W2112365180","https://openalex.org/W2124160157","https://openalex.org/W2137913153","https://openalex.org/W2145015919","https://openalex.org/W2211883562","https://openalex.org/W2222801536","https://openalex.org/W2223534951","https://openalex.org/W2564985855","https://openalex.org/W2620562899","https://openalex.org/W2729623347","https://openalex.org/W2770546469","https://openalex.org/W2801702920","https://openalex.org/W2898183808","https://openalex.org/W2966318333","https://openalex.org/W3027813705","https://openalex.org/W3030401145","https://openalex.org/W3094150956","https://openalex.org/W3124883010","https://openalex.org/W3132542769","https://openalex.org/W3152693308","https://openalex.org/W4200482819","https://openalex.org/W4213375141","https://openalex.org/W4224319344","https://openalex.org/W4280583344","https://openalex.org/W4318828364","https://openalex.org/W4381686679","https://openalex.org/W4387779552","https://openalex.org/W4401915610","https://openalex.org/W4406378059","https://openalex.org/W4411142310","https://openalex.org/W4413965112","https://openalex.org/W4414283600","https://openalex.org/W4416854054"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2021812797","https://openalex.org/W4289549835","https://openalex.org/W7165047501","https://openalex.org/W2564985855","https://openalex.org/W7154829606","https://openalex.org/W3042779957","https://openalex.org/W2947759553","https://openalex.org/W4404033139","https://openalex.org/W2941060792","https://openalex.org/W7160239884"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ticks":[0],"and":[1,16,46,93,97,104,115,155],"tick-borne":[2],"diseases":[3],"represent":[4],"a":[5,22,43,57,75],"serious":[6],"public":[7],"health":[8],"concern,":[9],"posing":[10],"significant":[11],"risks":[12],"to":[13,52,61,70,148],"both":[14],"human":[15],"animal":[17],"health.":[18],"Dogs":[19],"can":[20],"host":[21],"wide":[23],"range":[24],"of":[25,29,131],"tick":[26,185],"species,":[27],"many":[28],"which":[30],"serve":[31],"as":[32],"vectors":[33],"for":[34],"zoonotic":[35],"pathogens.":[36],"In":[37],"this":[38],"methodological":[39],"study,":[40],"we":[41],"generated":[42],"23-item":[44],"pool":[45],"evaluated":[47,100],"it":[48],"with":[49,118,134,180],"eight":[50],"experts":[51],"establish":[53],"content":[54],"validity.":[55],"After":[56,150],"preliminary":[58],"pilot":[59],"test":[60],"ensure":[62],"item":[63],"clarity,":[64],"the":[65,129,139,158,174],"draft":[66],"scale":[67,161],"was":[68,82,89,99],"administered":[69],"100":[71],"dog":[72],"owners":[73],"visiting":[74],"veterinary":[76],"clinic":[77],"in":[78,128],"Istanbul.":[79],"Content":[80],"validity":[81,88],"assessed":[83],"using":[84,101,112],"Lawshe's":[85],"method,":[86],"construct":[87],"examined":[90],"through":[91],"Exploratory":[92],"Confirmatory":[94],"Factor":[95],"Analyses,":[96],"reliability":[98,154],"item\u2013total":[102],"correlations":[103],"Cronbach's":[105],"alpha.":[106],"All":[107],"statistical":[108],"analyses":[109,171],"were":[110,178],"performed":[111],"SPSS":[113],"27.0":[114],"AMOS":[116],"24.0,":[117],"p":[119],"<":[120],".05":[121],"considered":[122],"significant.":[123],"Item\u2013total":[124],"correlation":[125],"analysis":[126],"resulted":[127],"removal":[130],"four":[132],"items":[133,141],"coefficients":[135],"below":[136],"0.30,":[137],"while":[138],"remaining":[140],"showed":[142],"acceptable":[143],"values":[144],"ranging":[145],"from":[146],"0.381":[147],"0.634.":[149],"refinement":[151],"based":[152],"on":[153],"factor-analytic":[156],"criteria,":[157],"final":[159],"17-item":[160],"demonstrated":[162],"strong":[163],"internal":[164],"consistency":[165],"(Cronbach's":[166],"alpha":[167],"=":[168],"0.88).":[169],"Descriptive":[170],"indicated":[172],"that":[173],"lowest":[175],"awareness":[176],"levels":[177],"associated":[179],"personal":[181],"protective":[182],"measures":[183],"against":[184],"exposure.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2026-10-18T00:00:00"}