{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7222359244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18173/2354-1059.2026-0031","title":"SQL JUDGE: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN AUTOMATED SQL QUERY GRADING PLATFORM FOR HIGH SCHOOL INFORMATICS EDUCATION","display_name":"SQL JUDGE: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN AUTOMATED SQL QUERY GRADING PLATFORM FOR HIGH SCHOOL INFORMATICS EDUCATION","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7222359244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18173/2354-1059.2026-0031"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18173/2354-1059.2026-0031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18173/2354-1059.2026-0031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18173/2354-1059.2026-0031","pdf_url":"https://hnuejs.edu.vn/ns/article/download/1438/851","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209477","display_name":"Journal of Science Natural Science","issn_l":"2354-1059","issn":["2354-1059"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Science Natural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://hnuejs.edu.vn/ns/article/download/1438/851","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158839816","display_name":"Nguyen Huu Bao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135822937","display_name":"Hanoi National University of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/0360g3z42","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135822937"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nguyen Huu Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135822937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158799178","display_name":"Le Xuan Hien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9890-2518","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9890-2518"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135822937","display_name":"Hanoi National University of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/0360g3z42","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135822937"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Le Xuan Hien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9890-2518","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135822937"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000205217","display_name":"Pham Tho Hoan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135822937","display_name":"Hanoi National University of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/0360g3z42","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135822937"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pham Tho Hoan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135822937"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135822937"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"41","last_page":"52"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14025","display_name":"Educational Technology and Assessment","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13681","display_name":"Engineering and Information Technology","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-grading","display_name":"automated grading","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sandboxing","display_name":"sandboxing","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formative-assessment","display_name":"formative assessment","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-learning-platforms","display_name":"online learning platforms","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-feedback","display_name":"student feedback","score":0.41600000858306885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510870499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47607","display_name":"SQL","level":2,"score":0.8514000177383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8371000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32145003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47607","display_name":"PL/SQL","level":5,"score":0.6865000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194222762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114486","display_name":"Query by Example","level":4,"score":0.6176000237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167544706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360842","display_name":"SQL/PSM","level":5,"score":0.5562000274658203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150451098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506059","display_name":"SQL injection","level":5,"score":0.5503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179531526","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q595637","display_name":"Language Integrated Query","level":5,"score":0.5375000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154420247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846619","display_name":"Stored procedure","level":5,"score":0.5178999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777286243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591926","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4909000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33882796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826222","display_name":"Autocommit","level":5,"score":0.46619999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.4551999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141589383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644775","display_name":"Data Transformation Services","level":5,"score":0.45329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55596503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1431648","display_name":"Data definition language","level":3,"score":0.4514000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.41760000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3452000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114724005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5001740","display_name":"Business Intelligence Markup Language","level":5,"score":0.3425000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191630685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027615","display_name":"Informatics","level":2,"score":0.3337000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206384180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599380","display_name":"User-defined function","level":5,"score":0.3167000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2937000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42525527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209955","display_name":"Formative assessment","level":2,"score":0.28790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58581272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12741163","display_name":"Workspace","level":3,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192028432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845739","display_name":"Query language","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.2524999976158142}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18173/2354-1059.2026-0031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18173/2354-1059.2026-0031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18173/2354-1059.2026-0031","pdf_url":"https://hnuejs.edu.vn/ns/article/download/1438/851","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209477","display_name":"Journal of Science Natural Science","issn_l":"2354-1059","issn":["2354-1059"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Science Natural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18173/2354-1059.2026-0031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18173/2354-1059.2026-0031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18173/2354-1059.2026-0031","pdf_url":"https://hnuejs.edu.vn/ns/article/download/1438/851","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209477","display_name":"Journal of Science Natural Science","issn_l":"2354-1059","issn":["2354-1059"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Science Natural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8278999924659729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333835","display_name":"\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i","ror":"https://ror.org/02jmfj006"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7222359244.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7222359244.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388890618","https://openalex.org/W4393119107"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4407154973","https://openalex.org/W4392861661","https://openalex.org/W3197384980","https://openalex.org/W4392865259","https://openalex.org/W4387754189","https://openalex.org/W2354682038","https://openalex.org/W7206197671","https://openalex.org/W7155304633","https://openalex.org/W4406867627","https://openalex.org/W4220675766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"Structured":[3],"Query":[4],"Language":[5],"(SQL)":[6],"Judge,":[7],"a":[8,23,41,68,80,183],"web-based":[9],"automated":[10],"SQL":[11,45,90,100,168,177,189],"grading":[12,202],"platform":[13,70],"designed":[14,160],"for":[15,72,188],"high":[16],"school":[17],"informatics":[18],"education.":[19],"The":[20,36,96,114],"study":[21],"follows":[22],"design-and-evaluation":[24],"methodology":[25],"consisting":[26],"of":[27,44,122,129],"problem":[28],"analysis,":[29],"system":[30,115],"design,":[31],"implementation,":[32],"and":[33,60,92,110,170,185,191,207],"pilot":[34,84],"evaluation.":[35],"main":[37],"contribution":[38],"is":[39,179],"not":[40],"new":[42],"theory":[43],"equivalence,":[46],"but":[47],"an":[48,117],"integrated":[49],"engineering":[50],"solution":[51],"that":[52,99,176],"combines":[53],"result-based":[54,108],"grading,":[55,109],"multi-layer":[56],"sandboxing,":[57],"workspace":[58],"isolation,":[59],"teacher-oriented":[61],"management":[62],"with":[63,127,145],"configurable":[64],"SQL-construct":[65],"requirements":[66],"in":[67,79],"lightweight":[69],"suitable":[71],"school-level":[73],"deployment.":[74],"Initial":[75],"experiments":[76],"were":[77],"conducted":[78],"controlled":[81,106],"local":[82],"school-network":[83],"deployment":[85],"involving":[86,164],"62":[87],"users,":[88],"43":[89],"questions,":[91],"486":[93],"student":[94],"submissions.":[95],"results":[97],"show":[98],"Judge":[101,178],"successfully":[102],"supported":[103],"query":[104],"submission,":[105,126],"execution,":[107],"immediate":[111],"feedback":[112],"delivery.":[113],"maintained":[116],"average":[118,139],"end-to-end":[119],"response":[120,140],"time":[121,141],"1.42":[123],"seconds":[124],"per":[125],"95%":[128,146],"submissions":[130],"processed":[131],"within":[132,148],"4.7":[133],"seconds.":[134,150],"For":[135],"complex":[136],"queries,":[137],"the":[138,153],"was":[142],"2.83":[143],"seconds,":[144],"completed":[147],"6.5":[149],"In":[151],"addition,":[152],"sandbox":[154],"mechanism":[155],"blocked":[156],"all":[157],"36":[158],"deliberately":[159],"security":[161],"test":[162],"cases":[163],"destructive":[165],"commands,":[166],"suspicious":[167],"patterns,":[169],"resource-intensive":[171],"queries.":[172],"These":[173],"findings":[174],"suggest":[175],"technically":[180],"feasible":[181],"as":[182],"safe":[184],"responsive":[186],"environment":[187],"practice":[190],"formative":[192],"assessment;":[193],"however,":[194],"larger-scale":[195],"studies":[196],"are":[197],"still":[198],"needed":[199],"to":[200],"validate":[201],"accuracy,":[203],"workload":[204],"reduction,":[205],"scalability,":[206],"educational":[208],"effectiveness.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-16T00:00:00"}
