{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7222034441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.19583","title":"Who's Behind the Text? Robust Model Authorship Attribution","display_name":"Who's Behind the Text? Robust Model Authorship Attribution","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7222034441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.19583"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.19583","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.19583","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.19583","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.19583","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153475096","display_name":"Minseok Ko","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ko, Minseok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158844640","display_name":"Hyunseok Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee, Hyunseok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158843988","display_name":"Woomin Song","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song, Woomin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158784893","display_name":"Beomjun Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim, Beomjun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039865870","display_name":"Jinwoo Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-7403","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-7403"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shin, Jinwoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068011665","display_name":"Kunwoong Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2750-2463","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2750-2463"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim, Kunwoong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.01119999960064888,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.007400000002235174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/out-of-distribution-generalization","display_name":"out-of-distribution generalization","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-distillation","display_name":"model distillation","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-misconduct-detection","display_name":"academic misconduct detection","score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-safety","display_name":"AI safety","score":0.4410000145435333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6773999929428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020202489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2032038","display_name":"Authorship attribution","level":2,"score":0.6031000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143299363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900584","display_name":"Attribution","level":2,"score":0.5842999815940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.5300999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.5232999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5042999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.46970000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985998994","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3644502","display_name":"Source model","level":2,"score":0.38280001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.3528999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.3425000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3253999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120012220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754533","display_name":"Source text","level":2,"score":0.32269999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776673561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655357","display_name":"Atlas (anatomy)","level":2,"score":0.30709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.2919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2578999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.2556000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11192451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2032038","display_name":"Stylometry","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.25519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171686336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3532085","display_name":"Topic model","level":2,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.19583","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.19583","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.19583","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.19583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.19583","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.19583","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.19583","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.19583","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.19583","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7222034441.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7222034441.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2943043881","https://openalex.org/W2952942550","https://openalex.org/W4367365810","https://openalex.org/W4387561528","https://openalex.org/W4389520029","https://openalex.org/W4389523998","https://openalex.org/W4392576636","https://openalex.org/W4402672003","https://openalex.org/W4405655184","https://openalex.org/W4406236959","https://openalex.org/W4412888214","https://openalex.org/W4416035559","https://openalex.org/W4417099907","https://openalex.org/W7163674233","https://openalex.org/W7164884815","https://openalex.org/W7204947200"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4415238289","https://openalex.org/W7134963394","https://openalex.org/W4411995050","https://openalex.org/W7204227170","https://openalex.org/W7169525369","https://openalex.org/W7117576889","https://openalex.org/W4387850593","https://openalex.org/W4409361276","https://openalex.org/W7147368206","https://openalex.org/W4412888101"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"large":[1],"language":[2],"models":[3,245],"(LLMs)":[4],"are":[5],"increasingly":[6],"used":[7],"to":[8],"generate":[9],"text,":[10,43],"their":[11],"misuse":[12],"has":[13],"become":[14],"a":[15,41,150,185,251],"growing":[16],"societal":[17],"problem,":[18],"with":[19,171],"implications":[20],"for":[21,46,189],"academic":[22],"misconduct,":[23],"model":[24,39,88,221,250,270],"distillation,":[25],"and":[26,53,77,148,197,210,219],"cyberattacks.":[27],"For":[28],"these":[29],"reasons,":[30],"Model":[31],"Authorship":[32,118],"Attribution":[33,122],"(MAA),":[34],"which":[35,126,248],"identifies":[36],"the":[37,48,65,95,168,179,216,220,233,264],"source":[38,136,144,160,244,249],"of":[40,51,87,123,267],"given":[42,151],"is":[44,146],"important":[45],"promoting":[47],"responsible":[49],"use":[50],"LLMs":[52],"improving":[54],"AI":[55],"safety.":[56],"In":[57,212],"practice,":[58],"attribution":[59],"systems":[60],"must":[61],"remain":[62],"reliable":[63],"beyond":[64],"distributions":[66],"observed":[67],"during":[68],"training.":[69],"They":[70],"may":[71],"encounter":[72],"texts":[73],"from":[74,84,142],"unseen":[75],"domains":[76],"writing":[78],"settings,":[79],"as":[80,82,195],"well":[81],"generations":[83],"future":[85],"versions":[86],"families":[89],"that":[90,174,202,261],"were":[91],"not":[92],"available":[93],"when":[94,214],"system":[96],"was":[97],"trained.":[98],"However,":[99],"existing":[100,206],"MAA":[101,128,187],"methods":[102],"often":[103],"exhibit":[104],"substantial":[105],"performance":[106],"degradation":[107],"under":[108,157],"such":[109,194],"distribution":[110],"shifts.":[111],"To":[112],"address":[113],"this":[114,164],"challenge,":[115],"we":[116,271],"propose":[117],"Tracing":[119],"via":[120],"Likelihood-based":[121],"Sources":[124],"(ATLAS),":[125],"formulates":[127],"through":[129],"source-conditioned":[130],"text":[131,141,152],"modeling":[132],"rather":[133],"than":[134,232],"direct":[135],"prediction.":[137],"ATLAS":[138,203,226,238,262],"learns":[139],"how":[140],"each":[143,158],"family":[145],"generated":[147],"attributes":[149],"by":[153,246],"comparing":[154],"its":[155],"likelihood":[156,165],"learned":[159],"condition.":[161],"We":[162,181],"aggregate":[163],"evidence":[166],"at":[167],"token":[169,177],"level":[170],"clipping":[172],"so":[173],"no":[175],"single":[176],"dominates":[178],"decision.":[180],"further":[182],"introduce":[183],"MAABench,":[184,225],"broad":[186],"benchmark":[188],"evaluating":[190],"practical":[191],"OOD":[192],"settings":[193],"domain":[196,218],"version.":[198],"Our":[199,257],"experiments":[200,259],"show":[201,260],"consistently":[204],"outperforms":[205],"baselines":[207],"across":[208],"MAABench":[209],"OpenTuringBench.":[211],"particular,":[213],"both":[215],"generation":[217],"version":[222],"change":[223],"on":[224],"achieves":[227],"74.27%":[228],"accuracy,":[229],"9.00pp":[230],"higher":[231],"strongest":[234],"baseline.":[235],"Beyond":[236],"MAA,":[237],"can":[239],"also":[240],"help":[241],"identify":[242],"distillation":[243],"measuring":[247],"target":[252],"LLM":[253],"most":[254],"closely":[255],"resembles.":[256],"extended":[258],"recovers":[263],"known":[265],"teacher":[266],"every":[268],"distilled":[269],"evaluate.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-16T00:00:00"}
