{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7221879680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919","title":"Hemodynamic biomarkers in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: evidence boundaries and research pathways from prognostic stratification to treatment-effect prediction","display_name":"Hemodynamic biomarkers in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: evidence boundaries and research pathways from prognostic stratification to treatment-effect prediction","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7221879680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42959235","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13716985"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96975567","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","issn_l":"1664-2295","issn":["1664-2295"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158803865","display_name":"Ruying Hu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruying Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oriental Pan-Vascular Devices Innovation College, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oriental Pan-Vascular Devices Innovation College, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158849402","display_name":"Zizhao Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zizhao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oriental Pan-Vascular Devices Innovation College, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oriental Pan-Vascular Devices Innovation College, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139259149","display_name":"Zipeng Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zipeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oriental Pan-Vascular Devices Innovation College, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oriental Pan-Vascular Devices Innovation College, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158792262","display_name":"Jianmin Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115928","display_name":"Changhai Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02bjs0p66","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115928"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jianmin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University","Oriental Pan-Vascular Devices Innovation College, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115928"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oriental Pan-Vascular Devices Innovation College, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158837507","display_name":"Lei Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115928","display_name":"Changhai Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02bjs0p66","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115928"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University","Oriental Pan-Vascular Devices Innovation College, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115928"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oriental Pan-Vascular Devices Innovation College, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136902884","display_name":"Hongjian Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115928","display_name":"Changhai Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02bjs0p66","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115928"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongjian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University","Oriental Pan-Vascular Devices Innovation College, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115928"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oriental Pan-Vascular Devices Innovation College, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5136902884","https://openalex.org/A5158792262","https://openalex.org/A5158837507"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674","https://openalex.org/I4210115928"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60902459,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"1980919","last_page":"1980919"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10816","display_name":"Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10816","display_name":"Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10227","display_name":"Acute Ischemic Stroke Management","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10420","display_name":"Intracranial Aneurysms: Treatment and Complications","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemodynamic-biomarkers","display_name":"hemodynamic biomarkers","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-stratification","display_name":"risk stratification","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-response-prediction","display_name":"treatment response prediction","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distal-perfusion","display_name":"distal perfusion","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compensatory-capacity","display_name":"compensatory capacity","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/external-validation","display_name":"external validation","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarker-guided-therapy","display_name":"biomarker-guided therapy","score":0.6060000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8587999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178853913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642137","display_name":"Hemodynamics","level":2,"score":0.7854999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020404979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk stratification","level":2,"score":0.5946000218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5863999724388123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.5737000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.566100001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780007028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2343082","display_name":"Stenosis","level":2,"score":0.49900001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.4352000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45664433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17029420","display_name":"Imaging biomarker","level":3,"score":0.40799999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146957229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1266915","display_name":"Perfusion","level":2,"score":0.396699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781156865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827023","display_name":"Lesion","level":2,"score":0.35179999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158846371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642137","display_name":"Blood flow","level":2,"score":0.3109000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135691158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7168308","display_name":"Perfusion scanning","level":3,"score":0.31029999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.30709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.301800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780643987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468414","display_name":"Angiography","level":2,"score":0.2563999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.25589999556541443}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002537","descriptor_name":"Intracranial Arteriosclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002537","descriptor_name":"Intracranial Arteriosclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002537","descriptor_name":"Intracranial Arteriosclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002560","descriptor_name":"Cerebrovascular Circulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003251","descriptor_name":"Constriction, Pathologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006439","descriptor_name":"Hemodynamics","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96975567","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","issn_l":"1664-2295","issn":["1664-2295"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13716985","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13716985/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13716985/pdf/fneur-17-1980919.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Neurol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42959235","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42959235","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in neurology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8d7b6711d6db42ba942837ed1add6f53","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8d7b6711d6db42ba942837ed1add6f53","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurology, Vol 17 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2026.1980919/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96975567","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","issn_l":"1664-2295","issn":["1664-2295"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1145696711","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KJZD20240903103304006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330400","funder_display_name":"Shenzhen Research Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330400","display_name":"Shenzhen Research Foundation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221879680.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221879680.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71159566","https://openalex.org/W1936710894","https://openalex.org/W1985043486","https://openalex.org/W1994686921","https://openalex.org/W2023296280","https://openalex.org/W2028475000","https://openalex.org/W2045030989","https://openalex.org/W2045275503","https://openalex.org/W2068860985","https://openalex.org/W2078356554","https://openalex.org/W2089924401","https://openalex.org/W2103902091","https://openalex.org/W2123634131","https://openalex.org/W2126473393","https://openalex.org/W2129496617","https://openalex.org/W2133963928","https://openalex.org/W2134431449","https://openalex.org/W2139321584","https://openalex.org/W2159093720","https://openalex.org/W2162891740","https://openalex.org/W2163500049","https://openalex.org/W2167806412","https://openalex.org/W2204756244","https://openalex.org/W2222493608","https://openalex.org/W2344353791","https://openalex.org/W2473310816","https://openalex.org/W2529311667","https://openalex.org/W2542349480","https://openalex.org/W2563893819","https://openalex.org/W2896925597","https://openalex.org/W2898066306","https://openalex.org/W2902402858","https://openalex.org/W2906010804","https://openalex.org/W2907554860","https://openalex.org/W2918299489","https://openalex.org/W2922302994","https://openalex.org/W2968952651","https://openalex.org/W2969376222","https://openalex.org/W2984947744","https://openalex.org/W3010152544","https://openalex.org/W3036072670","https://openalex.org/W3037810705","https://openalex.org/W3047950129","https://openalex.org/W3083750971","https://openalex.org/W3092258655","https://openalex.org/W3107876906","https://openalex.org/W3108231579","https://openalex.org/W3123079395","https://openalex.org/W3158003087","https://openalex.org/W3164908038","https://openalex.org/W4205141399","https://openalex.org/W4210956491","https://openalex.org/W4229035119","https://openalex.org/W4233026002","https://openalex.org/W4281673886","https://openalex.org/W4290793582","https://openalex.org/W4295681745","https://openalex.org/W4319080205","https://openalex.org/W4319333810","https://openalex.org/W4366817138","https://openalex.org/W4366982073","https://openalex.org/W4375950875","https://openalex.org/W4378905214","https://openalex.org/W4386843708","https://openalex.org/W4388007158","https://openalex.org/W4399148747","https://openalex.org/W4401597710","https://openalex.org/W4402049769","https://openalex.org/W4402271098","https://openalex.org/W4404039279","https://openalex.org/W4407773860","https://openalex.org/W4407989025","https://openalex.org/W4409464517","https://openalex.org/W4410873312","https://openalex.org/W4411877921","https://openalex.org/W4412724841","https://openalex.org/W4415477243","https://openalex.org/W7128822384","https://openalex.org/W7154484173","https://openalex.org/W7164158135","https://openalex.org/W7164998036"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2571148979","https://openalex.org/W4406018201","https://openalex.org/W4366817138","https://openalex.org/W4311686766","https://openalex.org/W4294162735","https://openalex.org/W4412957222","https://openalex.org/W2912795562","https://openalex.org/W4366982073","https://openalex.org/W2559675083","https://openalex.org/W4295681745"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Symptomatic":[0],"intracranial":[1],"atherosclerotic":[2],"stenosis":[3,13],"(sICAS)":[4],"has":[5],"traditionally":[6],"been":[7],"stratified":[8],"primarily":[9],"according":[10],"to":[11],"angiographic":[12],"severity.":[14],"However,":[15],"this":[16,45,101],"anatomical":[17],"approach":[18],"does":[19],"not":[20],"adequately":[21],"capture":[22],"the":[23,97,115],"heterogeneity":[24],"of":[25,126,145,168,175],"ischemic":[26],"mechanisms,":[27],"distal":[28,74,88],"hemodynamic":[29,38,128],"compromise,":[30],"or":[31],"treatment":[32,155,160],"response,":[33],"prompting":[34],"increasing":[35],"interest":[36],"in":[37,100],"biomarkers":[39,55],"for":[40],"mechanism-based":[41],"risk":[42],"stratification.":[43],"In":[44],"review,":[46],"we":[47,121],"propose":[48],"an":[49],"evidence":[50,98,174],"framework":[51],"that":[52],"evaluates":[53],"these":[54],"across":[56],"measurement":[57],"validity,":[58],"mechanistic":[59],"coherence,":[60],"prognostic":[61,95],"association,":[62],"treatment-effect":[63,132,146],"prediction,":[64],"external":[65,142],"validation,":[66],"and":[67,78,81,90,110,141,171,173],"clinical":[68,176],"utility,":[69],"while":[70],"integrating":[71],"lesion":[72],"function,":[73],"perfusion,":[75],"compensatory":[76],"capacity,":[77],"parallel":[79],"embolic":[80],"perforator":[82],"pathways.":[83],"Although":[84],"several":[85],"measures,":[86],"particularly":[87],"hypoperfusion":[89],"borderzone":[91],"infarction,":[92],"have":[93],"shown":[94],"value,":[96],"identified":[99],"review":[102],"remains":[103],"dominated":[104],"by":[105,165],"single-center":[106],"studies,":[107],"platform-specific":[108],"definitions,":[109,140],"incompletely":[111],"validated":[112],"thresholds.":[113],"Among":[114],"completed":[116],"direct":[117],"sICAS":[118],"studies":[119],"identified,":[120],"found":[122],"no":[123],"prospective":[124],"validation":[125],"a":[127,131],"biomarker":[129,139],"as":[130],"modifier.":[133],"Translation":[134],"requires":[135],"standardized":[136],"measurement,":[137],"prespecified":[138,150],"validation.":[143],"Claims":[144],"modification":[147],"additionally":[148],"require":[149],"interaction":[151],"analyses":[152],"within":[153],"appropriate":[154],"comparisons,":[156],"preferably":[157],"randomized.":[158],"Biomarker-guided":[159],"selection":[161],"should":[162],"be":[163],"supported":[164],"reliable":[166],"estimates":[167],"absolute":[169],"benefits":[170],"harms":[172],"utility.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-16T00:00:00"}
