{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7221811345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.14927","title":"Quantum Energy Inequalities with a twist: rotating frames along stationary worldlines","display_name":"Quantum Energy Inequalities with a twist: rotating frames along stationary worldlines","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7221811345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.14927"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.14927","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.14927","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.14927","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.14927","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034313729","display_name":"Christopher J. Fewster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8915-5321","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8915-5321"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fewster, Christopher J.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics , Ian Wand Building , Deramore Lane , University of York , York YO10 5GH , UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics , Ian Wand Building , Deramore Lane , University of York , York YO10 5GH , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158748364","display_name":"Daniel Lomax Ford","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ford, Daniel Lomax","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics , Ian Wand Building , Deramore Lane , University of York , York YO10 5GH , UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics , Ian Wand Building , Deramore Lane , University of York , York YO10 5GH , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11960","display_name":"Relativity and Gravitational Theory","score":0.27489998936653137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11960","display_name":"Relativity and Gravitational Theory","score":0.27489998936653137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.22030000388622284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12220","display_name":"Quantum Electrodynamics and Casimir Effect","score":0.21040000021457672,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-inequalities","display_name":"quantum inequalities","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/massless-scalar-field","display_name":"massless scalar field","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-fields","display_name":"electromagnetic fields","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hadamard-states","display_name":"Hadamard states","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minkowski-space","display_name":"Minkowski space","score":0.8659999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54937798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2024141","display_name":"Massless particle","level":2,"score":0.7177000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147727578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7706297","display_name":"Tetrad","level":2,"score":0.708299994468689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79464548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q464794","display_name":"Minkowski space","level":2,"score":0.5860999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110521144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193460","display_name":"Scalar field","level":2,"score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5436000227928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57691317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289248","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5062999725341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.45890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.4530999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174084160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908049","display_name":"Bound state","level":2,"score":0.39489999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3797000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.35040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12520029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147161","display_name":"Scalar curvature","level":3,"score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28843909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177625","display_name":"Electromagnetic field","level":2,"score":0.325300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3172000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.2971999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779428274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q662636","display_name":"Negative energy","level":2,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115047598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54505","display_name":"Quantum field theory","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.14927","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.14927","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.14927","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.14927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.14927","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.14927","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.14927","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.14927","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.14927","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2677473339","display_name":"Symmetry and measurement: a foundation for semi-local quantum physics","funder_award_id":"EP/Y000099/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221811345.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221811345.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4382199273","https://openalex.org/W2616684651","https://openalex.org/W7097855018","https://openalex.org/W7097154080","https://openalex.org/W3101958893","https://openalex.org/W2128948571","https://openalex.org/W2083959300","https://openalex.org/W3122014448","https://openalex.org/W2598972011","https://openalex.org/W1499791418"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,98],"energy":[1],"densities":[2],"of":[3,105],"the":[4,41,60,77,108,123,128,134,141,149,155,166],"quantised":[5],"scalar":[6,62,161,202],"and":[7,31,63,85,91,110,163,171,175],"electromagnetic":[8,64,136],"fields":[9,65],"need":[10],"not":[11,46,153],"be":[12],"positive,":[13],"but":[14],"their":[15],"averages":[16],"along":[17,66,107],"timelike":[18],"worldlines":[19,68,73,94],"are":[20,74],"constrained":[21],"by":[22],"Quantum":[23,188],"Energy":[24],"Inequalities":[25],"(QEIs)":[26],"that":[27,133],"hold":[28],"in":[29,50,69,181,193],"flat":[30],"curved":[32],"spacetimes":[33],"for":[34,59,114,159,200],"arbitrary":[35],"Hadamard":[36],"quantum":[37],"field":[38],"states.":[39],"However":[40],"general":[42],"QEI":[43,99,137,157],"bound":[44,100,138,158,168],"is":[45,143],"easy":[47],"to":[48,76,122],"compute":[49,55,112],"closed":[51,56],"form.":[52],"Here,":[53],"we":[54,111,131,164],"form":[57],"expressions":[58],"massless":[61,160,201],"stationary":[67],"Minkowski":[70],"spacetime.":[71],"These":[72],"solutions":[75],"four-dimensional":[78],"Frenet-Serret":[79,124,196],"equations":[80],"with":[81,117],"constant":[82,118],"curvature":[83],"invariants":[84],"include":[86],"inertial,":[87],"uniformly":[88,92],"linearly":[89],"accelerated,":[90],"rotating":[93],"as":[95],"special":[96],"cases.":[97],"depends":[101],"on":[102,179],"a":[103],"choice":[104],"tetrad":[106,116,142,151],"worldline,":[109],"it":[113],"any":[115],"angular":[119,129],"velocity":[120],"relative":[121],"tetrad.":[125],"Optimising":[126],"over":[127],"velocity,":[130],"show":[132],"tightest":[135,156],"occurs":[139],"when":[140],"invariant":[144],"under":[145],"Fermi-Walker":[146,150],"tetrads.":[147],"Surprisingly,":[148],"does":[152],"produce":[154],"fields,":[162],"investigate":[165],"optimal":[167],"both":[169],"analytically":[170],"numerically.":[172],"Our":[173],"results":[174],"methodology":[176],"significantly":[177],"improve":[178],"those":[180],"[CJ":[182],"Fewster":[183],"&":[184],"J":[185],"Thompson,":[186],"Class.":[187],"Grav.":[189],"40":[190],"(2023)":[191],"175008],":[192],"which":[194],"only":[195],"tetrads":[197],"were":[198],"considered":[199],"fields.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-10-15T00:00:00"}