{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7221808871","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.17862","title":"On-chip optical isolators","display_name":"On-chip optical isolators","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7221808871","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.17862"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.17862","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.17862","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.17862","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.17862","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043189117","display_name":"Abanoub Mikhail","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173089394","display_name":"ITMO University","ror":"https://ror.org/04txgxn49","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}],"countries":["CN","RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikhail, Abanoub","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Physics , ITMO University , Saint Petersburg , 197101 , Russia","Qingdao Innovation and Development Center , Harbin Engineering University , Qingdao , 266404 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Physics , ITMO University , Saint Petersburg , 197101 , Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao Innovation and Development Center , Harbin Engineering University , Qingdao , 266404 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017835708","display_name":"Nikolay Solodovchenko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0650-9145","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0650-9145"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173089394","display_name":"ITMO University","ror":"https://ror.org/04txgxn49","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Solodovchenko, Nikolay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Physics , ITMO University , Saint Petersburg , 197101 , Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Physics , ITMO University , Saint Petersburg , 197101 , Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158735203","display_name":"Sen Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu, Sen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qingdao Innovation and Development Center , Harbin Engineering University , Qingdao , 266404 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao Innovation and Development Center , Harbin Engineering University , Qingdao , 266404 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158748685","display_name":"Fan Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173089394","display_name":"ITMO University","ror":"https://ror.org/04txgxn49","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Physics , ITMO University , Saint Petersburg , 197101 , Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Physics , ITMO University , Saint Petersburg , 197101 , Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158735296","display_name":"Maksim Tumashov","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tumashov, Maksim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qingdao Innovation and Development Center , Harbin Engineering University , Qingdao , 266404 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao Innovation and Development Center , Harbin Engineering University , Qingdao , 266404 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124005852","display_name":"Mingzhao Song","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song, Mingzhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qingdao Innovation and Development Center , Harbin Engineering University , Qingdao , 266404 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao Innovation and Development Center , Harbin Engineering University , Qingdao , 266404 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158683547","display_name":"Sergei Makarov","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173089394","display_name":"ITMO University","ror":"https://ror.org/04txgxn49","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}],"countries":["CN","RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Makarov, Sergei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Physics , ITMO University , Saint Petersburg , 197101 , Russia","Qingdao Innovation and Development Center , Harbin Engineering University , Qingdao , 266404 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Physics , ITMO University , Saint Petersburg , 197101 , Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao Innovation and Development Center , Harbin Engineering University , Qingdao , 266404 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158693687","display_name":"Andrey Bogdanov","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173089394","display_name":"ITMO University","ror":"https://ror.org/04txgxn49","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}],"countries":["CN","RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bogdanov, Andrey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Physics , ITMO University , Saint Petersburg , 197101 , Russia","Qingdao Innovation and Development Center , Harbin Engineering University , Qingdao , 266404 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Physics , ITMO University , Saint Petersburg , 197101 , Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao Innovation and Development Center , Harbin Engineering University , Qingdao , 266404 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12510","display_name":"Magneto-Optical Properties and Applications","score":0.7294999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12510","display_name":"Magneto-Optical Properties and Applications","score":0.7294999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10245","display_name":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","score":0.11590000241994858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.041999999433755875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-nonreciprocity","display_name":"optical nonreciprocity","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lorentz-reciprocity","display_name":"Lorentz reciprocity","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/back-reflection-suppression","display_name":"back-reflection suppression","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonic-integrated-circuits","display_name":"photonic integrated circuits","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatiotemporal-modulation","display_name":"spatiotemporal modulation","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-optical-processes","display_name":"nonlinear optical processes","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topological-photonics","display_name":"topological photonics","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-hermitian-photonics","display_name":"non-Hermitian photonics","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering-matrix","display_name":"scattering matrix","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insertion-loss","display_name":"insertion loss","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crosstalk","display_name":"crosstalk","score":0.492000013589859}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203146411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1934296","display_name":"Optical isolator","level":3,"score":0.739300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169903001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3264987","display_name":"Reciprocity (cultural anthropology)","level":2,"score":0.5138000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.4984999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71139939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.48739999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.46709999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45210000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.42239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101336846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105111","display_name":"Optical switch","level":2,"score":0.391400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3804999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775941552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","level":2,"score":0.3797999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.3564999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3458999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.34529998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120546263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162869","display_name":"Circulator","level":2,"score":0.33959999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.3167000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.30979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54888747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q962002","display_name":"Isolator","level":2,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509933004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194163","display_name":"Broadband","level":2,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2937000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160724564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620670","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.289000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169822122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230187","display_name":"Crosstalk","level":2,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.257999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90327742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947396","display_name":"Insertion loss","level":2,"score":0.25450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104286136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416137","display_name":"Modal analysis","level":3,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.17862","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.17862","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.17862","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.17862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.17862","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.17862","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.17862","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.17862","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.17862","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2713284343","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"23-72-10059","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324099","funder_display_name":"Russian Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4374345349","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10059","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324099","funder_display_name":"Russian Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G853817583","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PRIORITY-2030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324099","funder_display_name":"Russian Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324099","display_name":"Russian Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/03y2gwe85"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221808871.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221808871.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":298,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W605920734","https://openalex.org/W618072936","https://openalex.org/W933184662","https://openalex.org/W1561425337","https://openalex.org/W1563533830","https://openalex.org/W1598399886","https://openalex.org/W1749575287","https://openalex.org/W1911969426","https://openalex.org/W1916486813","https://openalex.org/W1964561028","https://openalex.org/W1968595302","https://openalex.org/W1968811640","https://openalex.org/W1974450307","https://openalex.org/W1974968145","https://openalex.org/W1978553330","https://openalex.org/W1986349933","https://openalex.org/W1987807485","https://openalex.org/W1987928997","https://openalex.org/W1989003819","https://openalex.org/W1989049401","https://openalex.org/W1990616188","https://openalex.org/W1991748332","https://openalex.org/W1993603773","https://openalex.org/W1996590645","https://openalex.org/W1996667533","https://openalex.org/W1998620583","https://openalex.org/W2000359448","https://openalex.org/W2000784388","https://openalex.org/W2001548685","https://openalex.org/W2001904940","https://openalex.org/W2002116790","https://openalex.org/W2002246223","https://openalex.org/W2007421284","https://openalex.org/W2007860731","https://openalex.org/W2008791564","https://openalex.org/W2009976084","https://openalex.org/W2010839747","https://openalex.org/W2014373777","https://openalex.org/W2015239758","https://openalex.org/W2015261165","https://openalex.org/W2016860800","https://openalex.org/W2017624594","https://openalex.org/W2020160894","https://openalex.org/W2021022786","https://openalex.org/W2023146084","https://openalex.org/W2024220931","https://openalex.org/W2025285148","https://openalex.org/W2028948400","https://openalex.org/W2029566284","https://openalex.org/W2037907846","https://openalex.org/W2043727230","https://openalex.org/W2043799503","https://openalex.org/W2046141532","https://openalex.org/W2046296382","https://openalex.org/W2047223854","https://openalex.org/W2048045798","https://openalex.org/W2050401377","https://openalex.org/W2050828289","https://openalex.org/W2052793707","https://openalex.org/W2054484802","https://openalex.org/W2055924724","https://openalex.org/W2057930949","https://openalex.org/W2063981650","https://openalex.org/W2066608742","https://openalex.org/W2067492113","https://openalex.org/W2070839848","https://openalex.org/W2072470585","https://openalex.org/W2074723656","https://openalex.org/W2075426133","https://openalex.org/W2075426829","https://openalex.org/W2078628709","https://openalex.org/W2080559570","https://openalex.org/W2081577753","https://openalex.org/W2091619531","https://openalex.org/W2092285095","https://openalex.org/W2094773190","https://openalex.org/W2101493924","https://openalex.org/W2106852473","https://openalex.org/W2111809175","https://openalex.org/W2117610617","https://openalex.org/W2117657795","https://openalex.org/W2118882767","https://openalex.org/W2119660413","https://openalex.org/W2125580114","https://openalex.org/W2126046008","https://openalex.org/W2126963921","https://openalex.org/W2129675006","https://openalex.org/W2136815263","https://openalex.org/W2150114024","https://openalex.org/W2163157308","https://openalex.org/W2163561672","https://openalex.org/W2166080990","https://openalex.org/W2169655591","https://openalex.org/W2172113347","https://openalex.org/W2266133912","https://openalex.org/W2267501101","https://openalex.org/W2269838282","https://openalex.org/W2309680901","https://openalex.org/W2326848308","https://openalex.org/W2332587867","https://openalex.org/W2335894630","https://openalex.org/W2339061762","https://openalex.org/W2376597371","https://openalex.org/W2469207886","https://openalex.org/W2474941193","https://openalex.org/W2511371831","https://openalex.org/W2519624964","https://openalex.org/W2523949578","https://openalex.org/W2532167642","https://openalex.org/W2533491577","https://openalex.org/W2547548613","https://openalex.org/W2575778111","https://openalex.org/W2588130926","https://openalex.org/W2605511471","https://openalex.org/W2607139674","https://openalex.org/W2617531498","https://openalex.org/W2693790197","https://openalex.org/W2724458525","https://openalex.org/W2733896976","https://openalex.org/W2734602167","https://openalex.org/W2738753554","https://openalex.org/W2744045251","https://openalex.org/W2752849906","https://openalex.org/W2763418605","https://openalex.org/W2763450639","https://openalex.org/W2770326358","https://openalex.org/W2785697544","https://openalex.org/W2786947931","https://openalex.org/W2788345473","https://openalex.org/W2791424099","https://openalex.org/W2794086205","https://openalex.org/W2794901875","https://openalex.org/W2795665331","https://openalex.org/W2795835319","https://openalex.org/W2797090538","https://openalex.org/W2800368656","https://openalex.org/W2805267247","https://openalex.org/W2808295928","https://openalex.org/W2809150702","https://openalex.org/W2883542019","https://openalex.org/W2885279059","https://openalex.org/W2888884803","https://openalex.org/W2890295555","https://openalex.org/W2891024081","https://openalex.org/W2892135951","https://openalex.org/W2894143172","https://openalex.org/W2895078543","https://openalex.org/W2896466684","https://openalex.org/W2898669091","https://openalex.org/W2904061065","https://openalex.org/W2908266731","https://openalex.org/W2911581425","https://openalex.org/W2913891200","https://openalex.org/W2921301355","https://openalex.org/W2921604664","https://openalex.org/W2930665417","https://openalex.org/W2935723202","https://openalex.org/W2937927187","https://openalex.org/W2955458546","https://openalex.org/W2963400679","https://openalex.org/W2963949614","https://openalex.org/W2966040210","https://openalex.org/W2966512385","https://openalex.org/W2969561904","https://openalex.org/W2971444946","https://openalex.org/W2988341331","https://openalex.org/W2989654841","https://openalex.org/W2996359797","https://openalex.org/W2997124245","https://openalex.org/W3004434800","https://openalex.org/W3014141222","https://openalex.org/W3014177127","https://openalex.org/W3014644767","https://openalex.org/W3017090005","https://openalex.org/W3024481272","https://openalex.org/W3033099788","https://openalex.org/W3042220098","https://openalex.org/W3044399144","https://openalex.org/W3088844813","https://openalex.org/W3089009585","https://openalex.org/W3089996164","https://openalex.org/W3099457041","https://openalex.org/W3099983007","https://openalex.org/W3101407597","https://openalex.org/W3104133164","https://openalex.org/W3108692850","https://openalex.org/W3116687712","https://openalex.org/W3118341000","https://openalex.org/W3123201716","https://openalex.org/W3127025034","https://openalex.org/W3130550979","https://openalex.org/W3134072502","https://openalex.org/W3139120465","https://openalex.org/W3151602252","https://openalex.org/W3162269829","https://openalex.org/W3162574218","https://openalex.org/W3166726962","https://openalex.org/W3175892255","https://openalex.org/W3184785370","https://openalex.org/W3209922285","https://openalex.org/W3213374789","https://openalex.org/W4206088530","https://openalex.org/W4210742195","https://openalex.org/W4210745330","https://openalex.org/W4210792967","https://openalex.org/W4211161891","https://openalex.org/W4213283262","https://openalex.org/W4220743178","https://openalex.org/W4221039723","https://openalex.org/W4225265619","https://openalex.org/W4226098993","https://openalex.org/W4231187192","https://openalex.org/W4244360209","https://openalex.org/W4246421375","https://openalex.org/W4288696380","https://openalex.org/W4289517055","https://openalex.org/W4296706828","https://openalex.org/W4300657400","https://openalex.org/W4304175624","https://openalex.org/W4306809618","https://openalex.org/W4308602374","https://openalex.org/W4309269730","https://openalex.org/W4311944424","https://openalex.org/W4312058943","https://openalex.org/W4318624612","https://openalex.org/W4318988016","https://openalex.org/W4323256370","https://openalex.org/W4323314029","https://openalex.org/W4361857533","https://openalex.org/W4363677140","https://openalex.org/W4365137917","https://openalex.org/W4377102676","https://openalex.org/W4381165097","https://openalex.org/W4385636512","https://openalex.org/W4386091350","https://openalex.org/W4386865127","https://openalex.org/W4388030138","https://openalex.org/W4388071025","https://openalex.org/W4389833725","https://openalex.org/W4391232091","https://openalex.org/W4391405105","https://openalex.org/W4391644379","https://openalex.org/W4391734191","https://openalex.org/W4391754808","https://openalex.org/W4393161630","https://openalex.org/W4393379240","https://openalex.org/W4393539113","https://openalex.org/W4394718065","https://openalex.org/W4399282511","https://openalex.org/W4399567726","https://openalex.org/W4400055734","https://openalex.org/W4400065203","https://openalex.org/W4401135747","https://openalex.org/W4401169060","https://openalex.org/W4401185199","https://openalex.org/W4401813296","https://openalex.org/W4402582161","https://openalex.org/W4403689660","https://openalex.org/W4405553440","https://openalex.org/W4405580545","https://openalex.org/W4405971119","https://openalex.org/W4406001042","https://openalex.org/W4406131280","https://openalex.org/W4406434067","https://openalex.org/W4408816928","https://openalex.org/W4409284572","https://openalex.org/W4409335703","https://openalex.org/W4409379313","https://openalex.org/W4409442985","https://openalex.org/W4409448708","https://openalex.org/W4409457993","https://openalex.org/W4410173674","https://openalex.org/W4410590586","https://openalex.org/W4410616401","https://openalex.org/W4410910254","https://openalex.org/W4411137652","https://openalex.org/W4411187308","https://openalex.org/W4411489623","https://openalex.org/W4412413833","https://openalex.org/W4413825965","https://openalex.org/W4414242592","https://openalex.org/W4414267985","https://openalex.org/W4414302443","https://openalex.org/W4414537890","https://openalex.org/W4414566580","https://openalex.org/W4414768789","https://openalex.org/W4415543846","https://openalex.org/W4416671122","https://openalex.org/W6929313083","https://openalex.org/W7118184837","https://openalex.org/W7119481787","https://openalex.org/W7125940303","https://openalex.org/W7133241210","https://openalex.org/W7150960987","https://openalex.org/W7163876403","https://openalex.org/W7167884599","https://openalex.org/W7168325636","https://openalex.org/W7202398823"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2334020163","https://openalex.org/W2163157308","https://openalex.org/W4381165097","https://openalex.org/W3205788662","https://openalex.org/W1561425337","https://openalex.org/W2567386001","https://openalex.org/W2547548613","https://openalex.org/W2069656592","https://openalex.org/W2136613589","https://openalex.org/W3208406301"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optical":[0],"isolation":[1,84],"suppresses":[2],"back-reflections":[3],"that":[4,123],"destabilize":[5],"lasers,":[6],"produce":[7],"parasitic":[8],"interference,":[9],"and":[10,18,39,51,57,81,89,109,114,145,158],"increase":[11],"crosstalk":[12],"in":[13],"photonic":[14,173],"systems.":[15],"Although":[16],"free-space":[17],"fibre-optic":[19],"isolators":[20],"are":[21,117],"mature,":[22],"no":[23],"broadly":[24],"adopted":[25],"on-chip":[26],"technology":[27],"yet":[28],"combines":[29],"strong":[30],"isolation,":[31,149],"low":[32],"insertion":[33,150],"loss,":[34,151],"broad":[35],"bandwidth,":[36,152],"compact":[37],"footprint,":[38,153],"scalable":[40,172],"fabrication.":[41],"The":[42,161],"difficulty":[43],"is":[44],"twofold:":[45],"Lorentz":[46],"reciprocity":[47],"must":[48,60],"be":[49,61],"broken,":[50],"every":[52],"relevant":[53],"backward":[54],"spatial,":[55],"spectral,":[56],"polarization":[58],"channel":[59],"suppressed.":[62],"This":[63],"Review":[64],"develops":[65],"a":[66],"common":[67],"framework":[68],"for":[69],"assessing":[70],"proposed":[71],"solutions.":[72],"We":[73,92],"first":[74],"distinguish":[75],"pairwise":[76],"nonreciprocity":[77],"from":[78,82],"intensity-asymmetric":[79],"transmission":[80],"true":[83],"using":[85],"the":[86,169],"constitutive":[87],"relations":[88],"scattering":[90],"matrix.":[91],"then":[93],"compare":[94],"three":[95],"physical":[96],"routes":[97],"to":[98,168],"an":[99,129],"integrated":[100,174],"nonreciprocal":[101,131],"response:":[102],"magneto-optical":[103],"bias,":[104],"externally":[105],"driven":[106],"space-time":[107],"modulation,":[108],"nonlinear":[110],"optical":[111],"processes.":[112],"Topological":[113],"non-Hermitian":[115],"systems":[116],"treated":[118],"as":[119],"cross-cutting":[120],"design":[121],"frameworks":[122],"can":[124],"route,":[125],"protect,":[126],"or":[127],"enhance":[128],"underlying":[130],"response,":[132],"but":[133],"do":[134],"not":[135],"by":[136],"themselves":[137],"break":[138],"reciprocity.":[139],"Finally,":[140],"we":[141],"examine":[142],"fundamental":[143],"constraints":[144],"practical":[146],"trade-offs":[147],"among":[148],"modal":[154],"coverage,":[155],"drive":[156],"requirements,":[157],"fabrication":[159],"compatibility.":[160],"resulting":[162],"mechanism-based":[163],"perspective":[164],"connects":[165],"reciprocity-breaking":[166],"physics":[167],"requirements":[170],"of":[171],"circuits.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-15T00:00:00"}