{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7221595313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2026.345","title":"Synergistic antimycobacterial activity of Piper longum and Cressa cretica extracts and their effects on the expression of rpoB , gyrA and gyrB genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","display_name":"Synergistic antimycobacterial activity of Piper longum and Cressa cretica extracts and their effects on the expression of rpoB , gyrA and gyrB genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7221595313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2026.345","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42948277","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13711049"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3892/mi.2026.345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2026.345","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2026.345","pdf_url":"http://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mi.2026.345/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195194","display_name":"Medicine International","issn_l":"2754-1304","issn":["2754-1304","2754-3242"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320412","host_organization_name":"Spandidos Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320412"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Spandidos Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mi.2026.345/download","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158555906","display_name":"Vaibhav Tamrakar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37048141","display_name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0492wrx28","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100515","display_name":"National Institute for Research in Tribal Health","ror":"https://ror.org/00k2gdw14","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210100515"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vaibhav Tamrakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICMR\u2011National Institute of Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH), Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482003, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICMR\u2011National Institute of Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH), Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482003, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210100515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137737709","display_name":"Jyothi Bhat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8788-2250","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8788-2250"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37048141","display_name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0492wrx28","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100515","display_name":"National Institute for Research in Tribal Health","ror":"https://ror.org/00k2gdw14","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210100515"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jyothi Bhat","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICMR\u2011National Institute of Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH), Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482003, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICMR\u2011National Institute of Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH), Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482003, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210100515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158570185","display_name":"Nitish Parihar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37048141","display_name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0492wrx28","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100515","display_name":"National Institute for Research in Tribal Health","ror":"https://ror.org/00k2gdw14","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210100515"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nitish Parihar","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICMR\u2011National Institute of Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH), Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482003, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICMR\u2011National Institute of Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH), Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482003, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210100515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158676791","display_name":"Rajasubramaniam Shanmugam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37048141","display_name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0492wrx28","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100515","display_name":"National Institute for Research in Tribal Health","ror":"https://ror.org/00k2gdw14","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210100515"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rajasubramaniam Shanmugam","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICMR\u2011National Institute of Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH), Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482003, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICMR\u2011National Institute of Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH), Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482003, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210100515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5158676791"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210100515"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7802378,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"6","first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.7167999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.7167999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.14869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13037","display_name":"Piperaceae Chemical and Biological Studies","score":0.06930000334978104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piper-longum","display_name":"Piper longum","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cressa-cretica","display_name":"Cressa cretica","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycobacterium-tuberculosis","display_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis","display_name":"tuberculosis","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-extracts","display_name":"plant extracts","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidrug-resistance","display_name":"multidrug resistance","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractional-inhibitory-concentration-index","display_name":"fractional inhibitory concentration index","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytochemical-screening","display_name":"phytochemical screening","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combination-therapy","display_name":"combination therapy","score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbal-medicine","display_name":"herbal medicine","score":0.43299999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779685592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2853298","display_name":"Antimycobacterial","level":4,"score":0.8776999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778340795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24782946","display_name":"rpoB","level":4,"score":0.786899983882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6554999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777975735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130971","display_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","level":3,"score":0.6047000288963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.49380001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.49070000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.4456000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.4255000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019249092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274493","display_name":"Antibacterial agent","level":3,"score":0.3736000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.36419999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.31189998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780374374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194309","display_name":"Mycobacterium","level":3,"score":0.2782000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777155639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159536","display_name":"Piper","level":2,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.27489998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.25929999351501465}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3892/mi.2026.345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2026.345","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2026.345","pdf_url":"http://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mi.2026.345/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195194","display_name":"Medicine International","issn_l":"2754-1304","issn":["2754-1304","2754-3242"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320412","host_organization_name":"Spandidos Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320412"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Spandidos Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine International","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13711049","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13711049/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13711049/pdf/mi-06-06-00345.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Med Int (Lond)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42948277","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42948277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine international","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3892/mi.2026.345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2026.345","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2026.345","pdf_url":"http://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mi.2026.345/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195194","display_name":"Medicine International","issn_l":"2754-1304","issn":["2754-1304","2754-3242"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320412","host_organization_name":"Spandidos Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320412"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Spandidos Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320720","display_name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0492wrx28"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221595313.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221595313.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4381279998","https://openalex.org/W4229442011","https://openalex.org/W2912263405","https://openalex.org/W4386427361","https://openalex.org/W4414279053","https://openalex.org/W4382542899","https://openalex.org/W7062014045","https://openalex.org/W2780210187","https://openalex.org/W3130316981","https://openalex.org/W4236239739"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"tuberculosis":[0,66,239],"(tB)":[1],"remains":[2],"one":[3],"of":[4,8,18,43,53,56,79,86,112,129,138,162,168,195,203,244,255],"the":[5,15,41,46,49,77,80,84,87,127,166,188,192,207,221,242,253],"leading":[6],"causes":[7],"mortality":[9],"from":[10],"infectious":[11],"diseases":[12],"worldwide,":[13],"with":[14,96,156,187,206],"increasing":[16],"prevalence":[17],"multidrug-resistant":[19],"tB":[20],"posing":[21],"a":[22,32,72,157],"major":[23],"challenge":[24],"to":[25,133,142,146,268],"effective":[26],"disease":[27],"control.Combination":[28],"therapy":[29],"has":[30],"become":[31],"key":[33],"strategy":[34],"for":[35,276],"improving":[36],"treatment":[37,186],"efficacy,":[38],"while":[39,136],"minimizing":[40],"emergence":[42],"drug":[44],"resistance.In":[45],"present":[47],"study,":[48],"synergistic":[50,154,234],"antimycobacterial":[51,235],"activity":[52,155,236],"methanolic":[54],"extracts":[55,82,190],"Piper":[57],"longum":[58,114,131,228],"(P.longum)":[59],"and":[60,90,98,115,120,182,198,216,229,240,262],"Cressa":[61],"cretica":[62,117,140,231],"(C.cretica)":[63],"against":[64,237],"Mycobacterium":[65],"(M.tuberculosis;":[67],"H37rv)":[68],"was":[69],"investigated":[70],"using":[71,103],"two-dimensional":[73],"checkerboard":[74],"assay.In":[75],"addition,":[76],"effects":[78],"individual":[81],"on":[83],"expression":[85,193,243],"rpoB,":[88,196],"gyrA":[89,197],"gyrB":[91,199],"genes,":[92],"which":[93],"are":[94,266],"associated":[95],"transcription":[97],"DNa":[99],"replication,":[100],"were":[101,118,212],"evaluated":[102],"reverse":[104],"transcription-quantitative":[105],"PCr":[106],"(rt-qPCr).the":[107],"minimum":[108],"inhibitory":[109,159],"concentrations":[110],"(MICs)":[111],"P.":[113,130,227],"C.":[116,139,230],"125":[119],"250":[121],"\u00b5g/ml,":[122,135,144],"respectively.When":[123],"used":[124],"in":[125,247,263],"combination,":[126],"MIC":[128],"decreased":[132,141],"7":[134],"that":[137,185,226],"10":[143],"corresponding":[145],"18-and":[147],"25-fold":[148],"reductions,":[149],"respectively.the":[150],"combination":[151],"exhibited":[152],"potent":[153],"fractional":[158],"concentration":[160],"index":[161],"0.096.Phytochemical":[163],"screening":[164],"revealed":[165],"presence":[167],"several":[169],"bioactive":[170],"constituents,":[171],"including":[172],"alkaloids,":[173],"phenolic":[174],"compounds,":[175],"flavonoids,":[176],"tannins,":[177],"terpenoids,":[178],"glycosides,":[179],"sterols,":[180],"carbohydrates":[181],"proteins.rt-qPCr":[183],"demonstrated":[184],"plant":[189],"altered":[191],"profiles":[194],"during":[200],"different":[201],"stages":[202],"bacterial":[204],"growth,":[205],"most":[208],"prominent":[209],"transcriptional":[210],"changes":[211],"observed":[213],"between":[214],"24":[215],"72":[217],"h":[218],"following":[219],"treatment.On":[220],"whole,":[222],"these":[223],"findings":[224],"demonstrate":[225],"exhibit":[232],"significant":[233],"M.":[238],"influence":[241],"genes":[245],"involved":[246],"essential":[248],"cellular":[249],"processes.Further":[250],"bioactivity-guided":[251],"fractionation,":[252],"identification":[254],"active":[256],"phytochemicals,":[257],"mechanistic":[258],"investigations,":[259],"cytotoxicity":[260],"evaluation":[261],"vivo":[264],"studies":[265],"required":[267],"validate":[269],"their":[270],"potential":[271],"as":[272],"complementary":[273],"therapeutic":[274],"candidates":[275],"tuberculosis.":[277]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-10-14T00:00:00"}