{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7221587975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837","title":"Predicting reproductive-phase nutrient replenishment in Cannabis sativa L. via a transpiration-driven mass-balance framework","display_name":"Predicting reproductive-phase nutrient replenishment in Cannabis sativa L. via a transpiration-driven mass-balance framework","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7221587975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42948367","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13711131"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2493613807","display_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","issn_l":"1664-462X","issn":["1664-462X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006887151","display_name":"Kit Powell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kit Powell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017709792","display_name":"William L. Bauerle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3090-234X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3090-234X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William L. Bauerle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017709792"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72291738,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"1955837","last_page":"1955837"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12754","display_name":"Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques","score":0.864300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12754","display_name":"Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques","score":0.864300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12113","display_name":"Growth and nutrition in plants","score":0.05180000141263008,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13391","display_name":"Innovations in Aquaponics and Hydroponics Systems","score":0.02590000070631504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cannabis-sativa","display_name":"Cannabis sativa","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-replenishment","display_name":"nutrient replenishment","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproductive-stage","display_name":"reproductive stage","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-use-efficiency","display_name":"water use efficiency","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leachate-chemistry","display_name":"leachate chemistry","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-uptake","display_name":"nutrient uptake","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-allocation","display_name":"biomass allocation","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultivar-differences","display_name":"cultivar differences","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flowering-stage","display_name":"flowering stage","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphorus","display_name":"phosphorus","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnesium","display_name":"magnesium","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium","display_name":"calcium","score":0.37700000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micronutrients","display_name":"micronutrients","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-solution-management","display_name":"nutrient solution management","score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cannabis-cultivation","display_name":"cannabis cultivation","score":0.4180000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-removal","display_name":"nutrient removal","score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-light","display_name":"first light","score":0.43799999356269836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.7832000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.7353000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157517311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167980","display_name":"Transpiration","level":3,"score":0.6674000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510538283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674","display_name":"Phosphorus","level":2,"score":0.5928000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5805000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16925390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2281647","display_name":"Leachate","level":2,"score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992191599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26726","display_name":"Cannabis sativa","level":2,"score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776384668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182168","display_name":"Nitrate","level":2,"score":0.42649999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.41449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.4032999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552594755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191667","display_name":"Hydroponics","level":2,"score":0.38530001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C517785266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q703","display_name":"Potassium","level":2,"score":0.3792000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.37790000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.3646000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780528068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8328350","display_name":"Plant nutrition","level":3,"score":0.3379000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88972607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2666904","display_name":"Human fertilization","level":2,"score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.33059999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991880210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6998450","display_name":"Net energy","level":2,"score":0.3068000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543218039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660","display_name":"Magnesium","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2630000114440918}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2493613807","display_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","issn_l":"1664-462X","issn":["1664-462X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13711131","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13711131/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13711131/pdf/fpls-17-1955837.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Plant Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42948367","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42948367","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in plant science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:45dd7b602ae24cb39253ebf2d7d3d69b","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/45dd7b602ae24cb39253ebf2d7d3d69b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 17 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1955837/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2493613807","display_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","issn_l":"1664-462X","issn":["1664-462X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.9208999872207642}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309627","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221587975.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221587975.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W167989130","https://openalex.org/W2499305242","https://openalex.org/W2807880772","https://openalex.org/W2911523955","https://openalex.org/W2989041874","https://openalex.org/W3007710420","https://openalex.org/W3081891553","https://openalex.org/W3097715241","https://openalex.org/W3115543226","https://openalex.org/W3214866782","https://openalex.org/W4281398979","https://openalex.org/W4292408633","https://openalex.org/W4309604069","https://openalex.org/W4377116132","https://openalex.org/W4381162326","https://openalex.org/W4383909136","https://openalex.org/W4386893052","https://openalex.org/W4388723157","https://openalex.org/W4388857836","https://openalex.org/W4390581737","https://openalex.org/W4391172886","https://openalex.org/W4391532113","https://openalex.org/W4392239174","https://openalex.org/W4401121073","https://openalex.org/W4407354264","https://openalex.org/W4407799484","https://openalex.org/W7125372156","https://openalex.org/W7202094556"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7125372156","https://openalex.org/W7204084409","https://openalex.org/W6976609584","https://openalex.org/W4388857836","https://openalex.org/W7160521017","https://openalex.org/W2319488868","https://openalex.org/W3110964871","https://openalex.org/W4413306315","https://openalex.org/W4292408633","https://openalex.org/W1989817900"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fixed":[0],"nutrient":[1,25,113,394],"recipes":[2],"often":[3],"overlook":[4],"developmental":[5],"shifts":[6],"in":[7,31,80,87,157,219,313,351,363,377],"uptake":[8],"and":[9,14,59,67,82,96,108,119,142,174,241,256,284,296,304,308,310,331,347],"the":[10,28,262,274,326],"coupling":[11],"between":[12,111,328],"transpiration":[13],"ion":[15],"delivery.":[16],"We":[17],"tested":[18],"a":[19,43,47,385],"transpiration-driven":[20],"mass-balance":[21,268,387],"framework":[22,389],"to":[23,101,136,151,168,183,196,208],"predict":[24],"replenishment":[26,292,329,344,388],"during":[27],"reproductive":[29],"phase":[30],"two":[32],"cultivars":[33],"of":[34,93],"Cannabis":[35,378],"sativa":[36,379],"L.":[37,380],"(CJ2,":[38],"First":[39,88,125,220,364],"Light).":[40],"Plants":[41],"received":[42],"solution":[44,91,118,334],"prepared":[45],"from":[46,99,117,129,144,161,176,319],"constant":[48],"recipe;":[49],"water":[50],"use":[51],"was":[52,56,217,282],"tracked":[53],"gravimetrically,":[54],"leachate":[55],"periodically":[57],"sampled,":[58],"organs":[60,358],"were":[61,191,235,252],"harvested":[62],"for":[63,237,254,267],"ICP\u2013OES/flow":[64],"injection":[65],"analysis":[66],"biomass":[68],"composite":[69],"partitioning.":[70],"Water-use":[71],"efficiency":[72],"(WUE)":[73],"peaked":[74],"at":[75],"4.5":[76],"g":[77,84],"L":[78,85,132,139,147,154,164,171,179,186,199,205,211,228],"\u22121":[79,86,133,140,148,155,165,172,180,187,200,206,212,229],"CJ2":[81,223],"3.4":[83],"Light,":[89,126,365],"while":[90,299],"drawdown":[92],"N,":[94],"P,":[95,238,307],"K":[97,143,175],"declined":[98],"early":[100],"late":[102],"flowering.":[103],"Leachate":[104],"chemistry":[105],"resolved":[106],"cultivar-":[107],"stage-dependent":[109],"transitions":[110],"net":[112,120,134,149,166,181,215,333],"removal":[114,135,150,167,182,207,216],"(net":[115],"removal)":[116],"accumulation":[121],"above":[122],"input.":[123],"In":[124],"N":[127,159,301],"shifted":[128],"130":[130],"mg":[131,138,146,153,163,170,178,185,198,204,210,227],"+109":[137],"enrichment":[141,173],"192":[145],"+195":[152,184],"enrichment;":[156],"CJ2,":[158,352],"ranged":[160],"90":[162],"+101":[169],"102":[177],"enrichment.":[188],"Phosphorus":[189],"differences":[190],"smaller":[192],"(First":[193],"Light:":[194],"58":[195],"13":[197],";":[201],"CJ2:":[202],"42":[203],"+2":[209],"enrichment).":[213],"Mg":[214,255,297],"greater":[218],"Light":[221],"than":[222],"(37":[224],"vs.":[225],"16":[226],").":[230],"Significant":[231],"cultivar":[232,250],"main":[233],"effects":[234],"detected":[236,253],"K,":[239],"Ca,":[240],"Fe":[242],"(p":[243,258],"\u2264":[244,259],"0.05),":[245],"whereas":[246,353],"significant":[247],"date":[248],"x":[249],"interactions":[251],"Mn":[257],"0.05).":[260],"Across":[261],"four":[263],"harvest":[264],"intervals":[265],"retained":[266],"comparison,":[269],"biomass-weighted":[270,321,354,393],"predictors":[271],"frequently":[272,360],"produced":[273],"lowest":[275],"absolute":[276,367],"percent":[277,368],"deviation":[278],"(APD),":[279],"although":[280],"performance":[281],"element-":[283],"cultivar-dependent.":[285],"Single-organ":[286],"tissue":[287,322,340],"element":[288,343],"concentrations":[289,317],"misrepresented":[290],"whole-plant":[291],"estimates:":[293],"leaf":[294,300],"Ca":[295],"increased":[298],"declined,":[302],"flowers":[303],"roots":[305,311],"accumulated":[306],"stems":[309],"diverged":[312],"K.":[314],"Predicted":[315],"input":[316],"derived":[318],"organ":[320,392],"elemental":[323],"content":[324],"improved":[325],"alignment":[327],"estimates":[330],"measured":[332],"removal.":[335],"Biomass-weighted":[336],"means":[337,355],"excluding":[338],"floral":[339],"predicted":[341],"most":[342,349],"amounts":[345],"well":[346,382],"performed":[348],"consistently":[350],"including":[356],"all":[357],"more":[359],"minimized":[361],"APD":[362],"with":[366],"deviations<10\u201313%.":[369],"Collectively,":[370],"these":[371],"results":[372],"indicate":[373],"that":[374],"reproductive-phase":[375],"nutrition":[376],"is":[381],"represented":[383],"by":[384,391],"flux-based":[386],"informed":[390],"composition.":[395]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2026-10-14T00:00:00"}
