{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7221536734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789","title":"Metabolic-epigenetic regulation of the HBV cccDNA reservoir: pathways underpinning viral persistence","display_name":"Metabolic-epigenetic regulation of the HBV cccDNA reservoir: pathways underpinning viral persistence","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7221536734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42936208","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13696948"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484704948","display_name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","issn_l":"1664-302X","issn":["1664-302X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006913265","display_name":"Qing Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2238-8400","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2238-8400"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53411278","display_name":"Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00pcrz470","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu","Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093436254","display_name":"HAO Liyuan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122705","display_name":"Hebei University of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02qxkhm81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122705"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liyuan Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122705"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158528547","display_name":"Shenghao Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106405","display_name":"Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mdjbm03","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106405"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shenghao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106405"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002241218","display_name":"Fei Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7735-0960","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7735-0960"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53411278","display_name":"Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00pcrz470","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu","Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158453531","display_name":"Na Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53411278","display_name":"Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00pcrz470","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu","Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112472580","display_name":"Fanghang Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8088-6099","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8088-6099"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53411278","display_name":"Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00pcrz470","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fanghang Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu","Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010488457","display_name":"Xiaoyu Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0339-5357","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0339-5357","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6193-2763"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53411278","display_name":"Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00pcrz470","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyu Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010488457"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55798969,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"1968789","last_page":"1968789"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10340","display_name":"Hepatitis B Virus Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10340","display_name":"Hepatitis B Virus Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10151","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10966","display_name":"Liver physiology and pathology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-hepatitis-b","display_name":"chronic hepatitis B","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hbv-cccdna","display_name":"HBV cccDNA","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-persistence","display_name":"viral persistence","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-cure","display_name":"functional cure","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hbx-protein","display_name":"HBx protein","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epigenetic-reprogramming","display_name":"epigenetic reprogramming","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bile-acid-signaling","display_name":"bile acid signaling","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histone-modifications","display_name":"histone modifications","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-cytokines","display_name":"immune cytokines","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subviral-particles","display_name":"subviral particles","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-to-cell-spread","display_name":"cell-to-cell transmission","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genome-editing","display_name":"genome editing","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noninvasive-biomarkers","display_name":"non-invasive biomarkers","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hbv-life-cycle","display_name":"HBV life cycle","score":0.699999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189490182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052153","display_name":"cccDNA","level":5,"score":0.9952999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7246000170707703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780593183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6844","display_name":"Hepatitis B virus","level":3,"score":0.6500999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.5677000284194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119056186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1431332","display_name":"Gene silencing","level":3,"score":0.5185999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41091548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26939","display_name":"Epigenetics","level":3,"score":0.5163999795913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64927066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36293","display_name":"Histone","level":3,"score":0.510200023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.5024999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140704245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933202","display_name":"Viral replication","level":3,"score":0.4586000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4223000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.4018999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6853","display_name":"Hepatitis B","level":2,"score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67567795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5629069","display_name":"HBx","level":4,"score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25897203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241872","display_name":"Viral life cycle","level":4,"score":0.3560999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182615771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369386","display_name":"Lytic cycle","level":3,"score":0.3544999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193419808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1645075","display_name":"Acquired immune system","level":3,"score":0.3109000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780091387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865201","display_name":"Minichromosome","level":4,"score":0.3073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.2946000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777702733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1356761","display_name":"Immune tolerance","level":3,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.2870999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019392825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383126","display_name":"Chronic infection","level":3,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.2533000111579895}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484704948","display_name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","issn_l":"1664-302X","issn":["1664-302X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13696948","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13696948/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13696948/pdf/fmicb-17-1968789.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Microbiol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42936208","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42936208","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in microbiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ec2b8d3cdabd49faab48d663a3b6e064","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ec2b8d3cdabd49faab48d663a3b6e064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 17 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1968789/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484704948","display_name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","issn_l":"1664-302X","issn":["1664-302X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6084900416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82575017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221536734.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221536734.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":195,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514154332","https://openalex.org/W1532408311","https://openalex.org/W1535018042","https://openalex.org/W1573216202","https://openalex.org/W1797768250","https://openalex.org/W1799137450","https://openalex.org/W1833793913","https://openalex.org/W1844576826","https://openalex.org/W1906916220","https://openalex.org/W1935842334","https://openalex.org/W1972992218","https://openalex.org/W1980927876","https://openalex.org/W1985563243","https://openalex.org/W1988615815","https://openalex.org/W2006011870","https://openalex.org/W2009022518","https://openalex.org/W2015763479","https://openalex.org/W2015953599","https://openalex.org/W2024778473","https://openalex.org/W2029191410","https://openalex.org/W2031802185","https://openalex.org/W2035920453","https://openalex.org/W2043861742","https://openalex.org/W2048613954","https://openalex.org/W2050571266","https://openalex.org/W2051173965","https://openalex.org/W2054221817","https://openalex.org/W2064375610","https://openalex.org/W2065258459","https://openalex.org/W2067354316","https://openalex.org/W2074460237","https://openalex.org/W2075595885","https://openalex.org/W2078828237","https://openalex.org/W2080890872","https://openalex.org/W2083828165","https://openalex.org/W2088160623","https://openalex.org/W2089108066","https://openalex.org/W2107335134","https://openalex.org/W2108226840","https://openalex.org/W2117181252","https://openalex.org/W2120426460","https://openalex.org/W2129105278","https://openalex.org/W2139704702","https://openalex.org/W2142427646","https://openalex.org/W2147155982","https://openalex.org/W2147283902","https://openalex.org/W2165934724","https://openalex.org/W2221555640","https://openalex.org/W2265113466","https://openalex.org/W2278943417","https://openalex.org/W2298466016","https://openalex.org/W2335004364","https://openalex.org/W2363366940","https://openalex.org/W2399483311","https://openalex.org/W2489017355","https://openalex.org/W2511380786","https://openalex.org/W2516429582","https://openalex.org/W2541628542","https://openalex.org/W2551376454","https://openalex.org/W2590636729","https://openalex.org/W2592054501","https://openalex.org/W2606204983","https://openalex.org/W2612408598","https://openalex.org/W2724987585","https://openalex.org/W2739683242","https://openalex.org/W2757654367","https://openalex.org/W2759319254","https://openalex.org/W2771957350","https://openalex.org/W2773645338","https://openalex.org/W2778928474","https://openalex.org/W2781895897","https://openalex.org/W2792238529","https://openalex.org/W2804079672","https://openalex.org/W2805832713","https://openalex.org/W2807962951","https://openalex.org/W2809177606","https://openalex.org/W2885273410","https://openalex.org/W2897970498","https://openalex.org/W2900868509","https://openalex.org/W2904912734","https://openalex.org/W2908965760","https://openalex.org/W2916413515","https://openalex.org/W2921849048","https://openalex.org/W2935342951","https://openalex.org/W2941849009","https://openalex.org/W2950867530","https://openalex.org/W2962219096","https://openalex.org/W2978759762","https://openalex.org/W2979316347","https://openalex.org/W2984423872","https://openalex.org/W2995538685","https://openalex.org/W3001277486","https://openalex.org/W3006723865","https://openalex.org/W3007241738","https://openalex.org/W3007254861","https://openalex.org/W3009378833","https://openalex.org/W3044903509","https://openalex.org/W3081809528","https://openalex.org/W3081911856","https://openalex.org/W3083429420","https://openalex.org/W3090313614","https://openalex.org/W3092957634","https://openalex.org/W3093421147","https://openalex.org/W3101323376","https://openalex.org/W3107667683","https://openalex.org/W3124812164","https://openalex.org/W3133715818","https://openalex.org/W3145607668","https://openalex.org/W3151946996","https://openalex.org/W3159443850","https://openalex.org/W3160979354","https://openalex.org/W3161331162","https://openalex.org/W3164796831","https://openalex.org/W3167071055","https://openalex.org/W3167174566","https://openalex.org/W3186617101","https://openalex.org/W3195490858","https://openalex.org/W3197061720","https://openalex.org/W3197966447","https://openalex.org/W3203803646","https://openalex.org/W3216774526","https://openalex.org/W4200237972","https://openalex.org/W4207071950","https://openalex.org/W4210267663","https://openalex.org/W4223422370","https://openalex.org/W4223474800","https://openalex.org/W4224227402","https://openalex.org/W4224227598","https://openalex.org/W4224288425","https://openalex.org/W4280518301","https://openalex.org/W4280649833","https://openalex.org/W4281609246","https://openalex.org/W4282926447","https://openalex.org/W4282964067","https://openalex.org/W4284680923","https://openalex.org/W4285094847","https://openalex.org/W4295122610","https://openalex.org/W4304957635","https://openalex.org/W4312221213","https://openalex.org/W4360993367","https://openalex.org/W4361238876","https://openalex.org/W4378640078","https://openalex.org/W4380873474","https://openalex.org/W4381248102","https://openalex.org/W4381513876","https://openalex.org/W4383746430","https://openalex.org/W4384926466","https://openalex.org/W4385297223","https://openalex.org/W4385554457","https://openalex.org/W4387950151","https://openalex.org/W4388828135","https://openalex.org/W4389309784","https://openalex.org/W4390016331","https://openalex.org/W4390265058","https://openalex.org/W4391144098","https://openalex.org/W4391515530","https://openalex.org/W4392812360","https://openalex.org/W4394836346","https://openalex.org/W4395010897","https://openalex.org/W4396777925","https://openalex.org/W4400391151","https://openalex.org/W4402474456","https://openalex.org/W4402536669","https://openalex.org/W4402629827","https://openalex.org/W4403072548","https://openalex.org/W4403844736","https://openalex.org/W4404075578","https://openalex.org/W4404291889","https://openalex.org/W4404338323","https://openalex.org/W4404591560","https://openalex.org/W4404692254","https://openalex.org/W4405855083","https://openalex.org/W4406087749","https://openalex.org/W4407085196","https://openalex.org/W4407179440","https://openalex.org/W4407180816","https://openalex.org/W4407394904","https://openalex.org/W4407768536","https://openalex.org/W4409898860","https://openalex.org/W4411212429","https://openalex.org/W4411239938","https://openalex.org/W4412351341","https://openalex.org/W4412861736","https://openalex.org/W4413117606","https://openalex.org/W4414544175","https://openalex.org/W4414597525","https://openalex.org/W4415023266","https://openalex.org/W4415313016","https://openalex.org/W4415680620","https://openalex.org/W4417486447","https://openalex.org/W7124469429","https://openalex.org/W7126380519","https://openalex.org/W7131469522","https://openalex.org/W7162665130","https://openalex.org/W7167739294"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4284680599","https://openalex.org/W3175639107","https://openalex.org/W1797768250","https://openalex.org/W2778658541","https://openalex.org/W3097701919","https://openalex.org/W4405545941","https://openalex.org/W3044197246","https://openalex.org/W4410837575","https://openalex.org/W7070831591","https://openalex.org/W4391515530"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Chronic":[0],"hepatitis":[1,49,217],"B":[2,50,218],"virus":[3,219],"(HBV)":[4],"infection":[5],"remains":[6],"a":[7,63,93,250],"global":[8],"public":[9],"health":[10],"burden,":[11],"and":[12,89,107,119,126,148,150,168,182,191,225,233,245,287],"functional":[13,43,76,251],"cure":[14,44,77,252],"represents":[15],"the":[16,36,73,105,111,136,142,156,194,203,238,263,266,273,281,288],"primary":[17],"goal":[18],"of":[19,87,110,135,196,212,278,284],"clinical":[20,234],"management.":[21],"The":[22],"nuclear":[23],"covalently":[24],"closed":[25],"circular":[26],"DNA":[27,59],"(cccDNA)":[28],"minichromosome":[29],"stably":[30],"maintained":[31],"in":[32,202,262,268],"infected":[33,205],"hepatocytes":[34],"constitutes":[35],"major":[37],"barrier":[38],"to":[39,80,140,186,248],"HBV":[40,58,91,137,213,254],"cure.":[41],"Clinically,":[42],"is":[45,78],"defined":[46],"as":[47],"sustained":[48],"surface":[51],"antigen":[52,243],"(HBsAg)":[53],"seroclearance":[54],"with":[55,83],"undetectable":[56],"serum":[57],"after":[60],"finite":[61],"treatment,":[62],"definition":[64],"that":[65,104,161],"does":[66],"not":[67],"require":[68],"complete":[69],"cccDNA":[70,88,99,112,146,163,188,246,270,297],"elimination.":[71],"At":[72],"molecular":[74],"level,":[75],"thought":[79],"be":[81],"associated":[82],"stable":[84],"transcriptional":[85,108,165],"silencing":[86],"integrated":[90,157],"DNA,":[92],"state":[94],"biologically":[95],"distinct":[96],"from":[97],"physical":[98],"depletion.":[100],"Accumulating":[101],"data":[102],"demonstrate":[103],"persistence":[106],"homeostasis":[109],"reservoir":[113,189],"are":[114],"controlled":[115],"by":[116,122],"viral":[117,241],"proteins":[118],"dynamically":[120],"shaped":[121],"host":[123,158],"metabolic":[124],"signaling":[125],"epigenetic":[127,223],"remodeling.":[128],"Here,":[129],"we":[130,257],"first":[131],"outline":[132,258],"key":[133,259],"steps":[134],"life":[138],"cycle":[139],"establish":[141],"mechanistic":[143],"context":[144],"for":[145,253,291],"formation":[147],"replenishment,":[149],"then":[151],"focus":[152],"our":[153],"synthesis":[154],"on":[155],"metabolic-epigenetic":[159,239],"network":[160],"governs":[162],"establishment,":[164],"activity,":[166],"stability,":[167],"clearance.":[169],"We":[170,208,230],"dissect":[171],"how":[172],"central":[173],"carbon":[174],"metabolites,":[175],"bile":[176],"acid":[177],"signaling,":[178],"histone":[179],"post-translational":[180],"modifications,":[181],"immune":[183,214,228],"cytokines":[184],"converge":[185],"modulate":[187],"homeostasis,":[190],"critically":[192],"evaluate":[193],"strength":[195],"evidence":[197],"supporting":[198],"their":[199],"physiological":[200,276],"relevance":[201,277],"chronically":[204],"human":[206],"liver.":[207],"also":[209],"discuss":[210],"mechanisms":[211],"evasion,":[215],"including":[216,265],"X":[220],"protein":[221],"(HBx)-driven":[222],"reprogramming":[224],"subviral":[226],"particle-associated":[227],"tolerance.":[229],"summarize":[231],"preclinical":[232],"therapeutic":[235],"strategies":[236],"targeting":[237],"microenvironment,":[240],"assembly,":[242],"secretion,":[244],"modulation":[247],"achieve":[249],"infection.":[255],"Finally,":[256],"unresolved":[260],"challenges":[261],"field,":[264],"undefined":[267],"vivo":[269],"turnover":[271],"kinetics,":[272],"poorly":[274],"characterized":[275],"cell-to-cell":[279],"transmission,":[280],"inherent":[282],"limitations":[283],"gene-editing":[285],"technologies,":[286],"urgent":[289],"need":[290],"specific":[292],"non-invasive":[293],"biomarkers":[294],"reflecting":[295],"intrahepatic":[296],"activity.":[298]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2026-10-13T00:00:00"}