{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7221506972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.11.755930","title":"A Third-generation Lentiviral Vector System for Flow Virometry-based Analysis of HIV-1 Env and Other Viral Envelope Proteins","display_name":"A Third-generation Lentiviral Vector System for Flow Virometry-based Analysis of HIV-1 Env and Other Viral Envelope Proteins","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7221506972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.11.755930"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.11.755930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.11.755930","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.11.755930","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/12/2026.10.11.755930.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/12/2026.10.11.755930.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158422562","display_name":"Paula I. Busskamp Castro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7188-9731","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7188-9731"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paula I. Busskamp Castro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-associated Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7188-9731","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-associated Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092032357","display_name":"Janine Parreuter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7942-7872","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7942-7872"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janine Parreuter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-associated Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7942-7872","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-associated Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050545639","display_name":"Charlotte Brands","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3912-0662","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3912-0662"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charlotte Brands","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-associated Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3912-0662","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-associated Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158463842","display_name":"Ana-Maria Perkovic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9691-1585","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9691-1585"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana-Maria Perkovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-associated Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9691-1585","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-associated Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158484646","display_name":"Benton van Bilsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5492-4559","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5492-4559"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benton van Bilsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-associated Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5492-4559","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-associated Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031009228","display_name":"Bernd Giebel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2446-948X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2446-948X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernd Giebel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2446-948X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073234868","display_name":"Jens Bohne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2800-9934","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2800-9934"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34809795","display_name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34809795"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jens Bohne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2800-9934","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34809795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050887288","display_name":"Tobias Tertel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8659-8610","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8659-8610"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Tertel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8659-8610","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075190510","display_name":"Jamal Ghanam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0077-6098","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0077-6098"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jamal Ghanam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Transplantation Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0077-6098","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Transplantation Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080483209","display_name":"Basant Kumar Thakur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7013-7895","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7013-7895"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Basant K. Thakur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Transplantation Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7013-7895","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Transplantation Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076608686","display_name":"Christina B. Karsten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1934-6442","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1934-6442"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119759","display_name":"Essen University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02na8dn90","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christina B. Karsten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-associated Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1934-6442","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for the Research on HIV and AIDS-associated Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076608686"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119759","https://openalex.org/I62318514"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9365000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9365000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10613","display_name":"Virus-based gene therapy research","score":0.060100000351667404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-virometry","display_name":"flow virometry","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1-envelope-glycoprotein","display_name":"HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-particle-analysis","display_name":"single-particle analysis","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gag-protein","display_name":"Gag protein","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudotyping","display_name":"pseudotyping","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vsv-g","display_name":"vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sars-cov-2-spike-protein","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 spike protein","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cr3022","display_name":"CR3022","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biosafety","display_name":"biosafety","score":0.6230000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779057330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162762","display_name":"Vesicular stomatitis virus","level":3,"score":0.6407999992370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.6269000172615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32470452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2298489","display_name":"Viral vector","level":4,"score":0.6225000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.5234000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4602999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97380033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994215","display_name":"Viral envelope","level":3,"score":0.44429999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.429500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776714187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212410","display_name":"Protease","level":3,"score":0.41769999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3950999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142613039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272983","display_name":"Green fluorescent protein","level":3,"score":0.3917999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106358424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662346","display_name":"Infectivity","level":3,"score":0.3889000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182220744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7251226","display_name":"Proteases","level":3,"score":0.3720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776387124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475781","display_name":"Virus-like particle","level":4,"score":0.3578999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779261636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7003054","display_name":"Neutralizing antibody","level":3,"score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777648638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57751738","display_name":"Coronavirus","level":5,"score":0.34769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.34369999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.34220001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92087593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427389","display_name":"Vector (molecular biology)","level":4,"score":0.32659998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175156509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990218","display_name":"Cleavage (geology)","level":3,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174510640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q489618","display_name":"HEK 293 cells","level":3,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58475186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118894","display_name":"Viral entry","level":4,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C553184892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141429","display_name":"Flow cytometry","level":2,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81885089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189082","display_name":"Cell culture","level":2,"score":0.25429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.2533000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96305047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367473","display_name":"F\u00f6rster resonance energy transfer","level":3,"score":0.2526000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776954459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193447","display_name":"Adenoviridae","level":4,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.11.755930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.11.755930","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.11.755930","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/12/2026.10.11.755930.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.11.755930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.11.755930","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.11.755930","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/12/2026.10.11.755930.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.46810001134872437}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2132873222","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"75N91019D00024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313762","funder_display_name":"Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2415337126","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"75N91019D00024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4689185066","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"75N91019D00024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7887095627","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HRP-8129","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313762","display_name":"Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03v6m3209"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221506972.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221506972.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W105132506","https://openalex.org/W1519895420","https://openalex.org/W1526877344","https://openalex.org/W1540919421","https://openalex.org/W1673112614","https://openalex.org/W1830441222","https://openalex.org/W1954981748","https://openalex.org/W1963654627","https://openalex.org/W1969897876","https://openalex.org/W1975610170","https://openalex.org/W1987510779","https://openalex.org/W1992066470","https://openalex.org/W2000351107","https://openalex.org/W2012062249","https://openalex.org/W2024534168","https://openalex.org/W2027816974","https://openalex.org/W2034399323","https://openalex.org/W2034577888","https://openalex.org/W2037137760","https://openalex.org/W2046682570","https://openalex.org/W2050428123","https://openalex.org/W2058895038","https://openalex.org/W2061645642","https://openalex.org/W2064968446","https://openalex.org/W2076965602","https://openalex.org/W2079753070","https://openalex.org/W2079822165","https://openalex.org/W2084280998","https://openalex.org/W2087847210","https://openalex.org/W2095678514","https://openalex.org/W2095703604","https://openalex.org/W2098695079","https://openalex.org/W2099491642","https://openalex.org/W2099960858","https://openalex.org/W2105267808","https://openalex.org/W2113236498","https://openalex.org/W2123227598","https://openalex.org/W2128573003","https://openalex.org/W2128579789","https://openalex.org/W2133367683","https://openalex.org/W2154853638","https://openalex.org/W2159507231","https://openalex.org/W2161428851","https://openalex.org/W2169310292","https://openalex.org/W2399543277","https://openalex.org/W2588824503","https://openalex.org/W2590817780","https://openalex.org/W2611417492","https://openalex.org/W2742014443","https://openalex.org/W2761329555","https://openalex.org/W2768382334","https://openalex.org/W2808148330","https://openalex.org/W2945457704","https://openalex.org/W2949281755","https://openalex.org/W2995368537","https://openalex.org/W3005437667","https://openalex.org/W3006703916","https://openalex.org/W3014656992","https://openalex.org/W3035950190","https://openalex.org/W3049142173","https://openalex.org/W3083130172","https://openalex.org/W3093803929","https://openalex.org/W3111953852","https://openalex.org/W4321611042","https://openalex.org/W4378575772","https://openalex.org/W4381665606","https://openalex.org/W4388034034","https://openalex.org/W4390034149","https://openalex.org/W4398182427","https://openalex.org/W4399073142","https://openalex.org/W4399491328","https://openalex.org/W4406870678","https://openalex.org/W4416389449"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4399491328","https://openalex.org/W7133100531","https://openalex.org/W3105899368","https://openalex.org/W2113215810","https://openalex.org/W2792169640","https://openalex.org/W4402721343","https://openalex.org/W2018785258","https://openalex.org/W2605905667","https://openalex.org/W2618034414","https://openalex.org/W2331114864"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Individual":[1],"human":[2,313],"immunodeficiency":[3,314],"virus":[4,34,217,315,413],"(HIV)":[5,316],"particles":[6,128,202,393],"can":[7,21,246,429],"differ":[8],"in":[9,29,47,294,307,369],"their":[10,445],"envelope":[11,284,309,344,427,467],"protein":[12,310],"(Env)":[13],"despite":[14,148],"being":[15],"genetically":[16],"identical.":[17],"This":[18],"non-genetic":[19,45,286,305,331,346,492],"diversity":[20,46,287,306,347],"influence":[22],"antibody":[23,57,230,292,318,464],"recognition":[24,293],"and":[25,49,82,111,125,136,160,196,274,288,296,340,379,405,409,437,455,471,478,487,498],"has":[26],"been":[27],"implicated":[28],"the":[30,104,109,121,144,179,199,308,312,335,433,442,457,460,489],"formation":[31],"of":[32,55,189,209,311,337,422,435,452,459,491,496],"persistent":[33],"fractions":[35],"that":[36,176,198,241,266,304,389],"escape":[37],"complete":[38],"inhibition":[39],"by":[40,115,373,462],"broadly":[41],"neutralizing":[42],"antibodies.":[43],"Investigating":[44],"HIV":[48,295,407,436,470,497],"other":[50,297,325,438,473,499],"viruses":[51,326],"requires":[52],"approaches":[53],"capable":[54],"characterizing":[56],"binding":[58,231,465],"to":[59,140,324,354,466,484],"individual":[60,356,453],"viral":[61,116,243,349,426],"particles.":[62],"Flow":[63,358],"virometry":[64,265,359,486],"provides":[65,279],"a":[66,73,89,157,162,192,207,250,258,280,320,361,384,403,416,419],"promising":[67,362],"tool":[68],"for":[69,96,167,183,263,282,291,395,449],"single-particle":[70,169,371],"analysis,":[71],"but":[72,364],"system":[74,93,147,262,278,388,461,481],"combining":[75,370,476],"high":[76,272,377,420],"biosafety":[77,273,378,477],"with":[78,143,214,271,376],"specific":[79],"particle":[80,150,252,269],"labeling":[81,270],"versatility":[83,458],"is":[84,360],"lacking.":[85],"Here,":[86,381],"we":[87,174,382],"developed":[88],"third-generation":[90,259,385],"lentiviral":[91,260,386,392],"vector":[92,146,261,387],"specifically":[94],"designed":[95],"flow":[97,264,374,485],"virometry.":[98],"Fluorescent":[99],"proteins":[100,245,428,468],"were":[101,134,203,212],"incorporated":[102,425],"into":[103],"HIV-1":[105,227],"Gag":[106],"polyprotein":[107],"between":[108],"matrix-":[110],"capsid-encoding":[112],"regions,":[113],"flanked":[114],"protease":[117],"cleavage":[118],"sites,":[119],"creating":[120],"packaging":[122],"constructs":[123],"pLentiFlow-eGFP":[124],"pLentiFlow-mCherry.":[126],"Lentiviral":[127],"(LVPs)":[129,394],"based":[130],"on":[131,156,249],"pLentiFlow":[132],"vectors":[133],"fluorescent":[135,201,391],"retained":[137],"infectivity":[138],"comparable":[139],"LVPs":[141,211,399],"generated":[142],"parental":[145],"reduced":[149,404],"production.":[151],"We":[152,440],"optimized":[153],"LVP":[154],"detection":[155,372],"CytoFLEX":[158],"nano":[159],"defined":[161],"linear":[163],"p24-based":[164],"concentration":[165],"range":[166],"reliable":[168,450],"analysis.":[170],"Using":[171],"complementary":[172],"controls,":[173],"demonstrated":[175],"background":[177],"from":[178,402,469],"assessed":[180],"sources":[181],"accounted":[182],"no":[184],"more":[185],"than":[186],"approximately":[187],"3%":[188],"events":[190],"within":[191,348,494],"broad":[193],"eGFP+":[194],"gate":[195],"confirmed":[197],"detected":[200,233],"predominantly":[204],"membrane-enclosed.":[205],"As":[206],"proof":[208],"concept,":[210],"pseudotyped":[213],"vesicular":[215],"stomatitis":[216],"glycoprotein,":[218],"severe":[219],"acute":[220],"respiratory":[221],"syndrome":[222],"coronavirus":[223],"2":[224],"spike,":[225],"or":[226,237],"Env.":[228],"Envelope-specific":[229],"was":[232],"using":[234],"8G5F11,":[235],"CR3022":[236],"PGT128,":[238],"respectively,":[239],"demonstrating":[240],"different":[242],"surface":[244],"be":[247,430],"analyzed":[248],"common":[251],"backbone.":[253],"Together,":[254],"these":[255],"results":[256],"establish":[257,447],"combines":[267],"intrinsic":[268],"flexible":[275],"pseudotyping.":[276],"The":[277,424],"platform":[281],"investigating":[283],"protein-associated":[285,345],"its":[289],"consequences":[290],"viruses.":[298,357,439,474,500],"Author":[299],"summary":[300],"Recent":[301],"studies":[302],"suggest":[303],"influences":[317],"recognition,":[319],"phenomenon":[321],"potentially":[322],"relevant":[323],"as":[327],"well.":[328],"Understanding":[329],"such":[330],"differences":[332,493],"may":[333],"aid":[334],"development":[336],"antibody-based":[338],"vaccines":[339],"therapies.":[341],"To":[342],"assess":[343],"swarms,":[350],"methods":[351,366],"are":[352,400],"needed":[353],"analyze":[355],"approach":[363],"current":[365],"face":[367],"challenges":[368],"cytometry":[375],"versatility.":[380],"present":[383],"generates":[390],"direct":[396],"detection.":[397],"These":[398],"produced":[401],"split":[406],"genome":[408],"cannot":[410],"produce":[411],"infectious":[412],"after":[414],"infecting":[415],"cell,":[417],"providing":[418],"level":[421],"biosafety.":[423],"exchanged,":[431],"allowing":[432],"study":[434,490],"characterize":[441],"LVPs,":[443],"optimize":[444],"detection,":[446],"conditions":[448],"analysis":[451],"particles,":[454],"demonstrate":[456],"detecting":[463],"two":[472],"By":[475],"versatility,":[479],"this":[480],"broadens":[482],"access":[483],"enables":[488],"swarms":[495]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-10-13T00:00:00"}