{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7221491900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.13509","title":"Energy-dependent trapping of backscattered helium during magnetron sputtering growth: A molecular dynamics study","display_name":"Energy-dependent trapping of backscattered helium during magnetron sputtering growth: A molecular dynamics study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7221491900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.13509"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.13509","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.13509","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.13509","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.13509","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059038215","display_name":"Pascal Brault","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-480X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-480X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152762","display_name":"Groupe de Recherches sur l'Energ\u00e9tique des Milieux Ionis\u00e9s","ror":"https://ror.org/042ds2135","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12449238","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210152762"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brault, Pascal","raw_affiliation_strings":["GREMI, MS4ALL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GREMI, MS4ALL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152762"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110308057","display_name":"Thomann Anne-Lise","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152762","display_name":"Groupe de Recherches sur l'Energ\u00e9tique des Milieux Ionis\u00e9s","ror":"https://ror.org/042ds2135","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12449238","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210152762"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomann, Anne-Lise","raw_affiliation_strings":["GREMI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GREMI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152762"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065861673","display_name":"Alejandro Borroto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0246-6002","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0246-6002"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152762","display_name":"Groupe de Recherches sur l'Energ\u00e9tique des Milieux Ionis\u00e9s","ror":"https://ror.org/042ds2135","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12449238","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210152762"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Borroto, Alejandro","raw_affiliation_strings":["GREMI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GREMI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152762"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152762"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10377","display_name":"Metal and Thin Film Mechanics","score":0.3831000030040741,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10377","display_name":"Metal and Thin Film Mechanics","score":0.3831000030040741,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12166","display_name":"Ion-surface interactions and analysis","score":0.23190000653266907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11661","display_name":"Copper Interconnects and Reliability","score":0.14030000567436218,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helium-trapping","display_name":"helium trapping","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helium-bubbles","display_name":"helium bubbles","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetron-sputtering","display_name":"magnetron sputtering","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thin-film-growth","display_name":"thin film growth","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aluminum-thin-films","display_name":"aluminum thin films","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/titanium-thin-films","display_name":"titanium thin films","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-desorption","display_name":"thermal desorption","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoporous-thin-films","display_name":"nanoporous thin films","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helium-implantation","display_name":"helium implantation","score":0.828000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777924906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34168","display_name":"Trapping","level":2,"score":0.7123000025749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61427134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847609","display_name":"Sputter deposition","level":4,"score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22423302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898444","display_name":"Sputtering","level":3,"score":0.6657000184059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546029482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q560","display_name":"Helium","level":2,"score":0.6243000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6168000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135889238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46276","display_name":"Kinetic energy","level":2,"score":0.5760999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781059571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3706001","display_name":"Thermal desorption","level":4,"score":0.5303000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547737533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q696","display_name":"Argon","level":2,"score":0.5248000025749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.5157999992370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59593255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901663","display_name":"Molecular dynamics","level":2,"score":0.48080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162711632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905514","display_name":"Desorption","level":3,"score":0.45089998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19067145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137203","display_name":"Thin film","level":2,"score":0.4415999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58312451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817200","display_name":"Atom (system on chip)","level":2,"score":0.41830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123408415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194154","display_name":"Cavity magnetron","level":4,"score":0.39579999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41999313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q489328","display_name":"Molecular physics","level":1,"score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155916967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2402805","display_name":"Thermal desorption spectroscopy","level":4,"score":0.382099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159467904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001702","display_name":"Chemical physics","level":1,"score":0.3702999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64297162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1987070","display_name":"Deposition (geology)","level":3,"score":0.3517000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506065880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716","display_name":"Titanium","level":2,"score":0.34779998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48940184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17623309","display_name":"Nanoporous","level":2,"score":0.33160001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51576277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900134","display_name":"Physical vapor deposition","level":3,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.3142000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.31360000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544153396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426","display_name":"Metal","level":2,"score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.3005000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32891209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483666","display_name":"Spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9950777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7616261","display_name":"Sticking coefficient","level":4,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9930424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7426587","display_name":"Saturation (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542268612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q743","display_name":"Tungsten","level":2,"score":0.25040000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.13509","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.13509","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.13509","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05788383v1","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05788383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2026","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05788383v2","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05788383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2026","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.13509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.13509","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.13509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.13509","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.13509","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.13509","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221491900.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221491900.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3205524926","https://openalex.org/W3208646554","https://openalex.org/W4415487827"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018980696","https://openalex.org/W1993477123","https://openalex.org/W2040985949","https://openalex.org/W4394588064","https://openalex.org/W3215263479","https://openalex.org/W3205524926","https://openalex.org/W32538881","https://openalex.org/W2041401663","https://openalex.org/W1988735064","https://openalex.org/W1970606618"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Helium":[0],"incorporation":[1,229,279],"during":[2,45,269],"magnetron":[3,286],"sputtering":[4],"can":[5],"strongly":[6],"affect":[7],"thin":[8,55],"film":[9,270],"growth":[10,271],"and":[11,19,38,52,69,145,178,190,272,280],"lead":[12],"to":[13,29,85,148,200],"the":[14,31,39,46,61,81,86,111,166,182,226,262],"formation":[15,41,87],"of":[16,34,42,49,65,88,118,141,184],"gas/solid":[17],"nanocomposites":[18],"nanoporous":[20],"structures.":[21],"Here,":[22],"molecular":[23],"dynamics":[24],"(MD)":[25],"simulations":[26,58,112,205],"are":[27,129,236],"used":[28],"investigate":[30],"trapping":[32,120,135,211,268],"mechanism":[33],"helium":[35],"atoms":[36,68,125],"(He)":[37],"subsequent":[40],"He":[43,76,91,119,124,170,189,228,250,278],"bubbles":[44],"sputter":[47],"deposition":[48],"aluminum":[50],"(Al)":[51],"titanium":[53],"(Ti)":[54],"films.":[56],"The":[57,233],"account":[59],"for":[60,225,247,276],"kinetic":[62,215],"energy":[63,116,140,216,249],"distributions":[64],"sputtered":[66],"metal":[67,254],"backscattered":[70],"gas":[71,267],"species.":[72],"Results":[73],"indicate":[74],"that":[75,220],"is":[77,179,243],"efficiently":[78],"incorporated":[79],"into":[80],"growing":[82],"films,":[83],"leading":[84,199],"high-pressure,":[89],"dense":[90],"bubbles,":[92],"with":[93,206,241],"a":[94,114,149,201,274],"much":[95],"higher":[96,176],"He-to-metal":[97],"atomic":[98],"ratio":[99],"in":[100,105,121,165,231,237,245,253,282],"Ti":[101,191],"($\\sim$":[102,107],"60%)":[103],"than":[104],"Al":[106,173,186],"12%).":[108],"More":[109],"importantly,":[110],"reveal":[113],"clear":[115],"dependence":[117],"Ti:":[122],"background":[123],"at":[126,137,175,213],"thermal":[127,156],"energies":[128],"essentially":[130],"not":[131],"incorporated,":[132],"whereas":[133,188],"efficient":[134],"starts":[136,194],"an":[138],"incident":[139],"approximately":[142],"20":[143],"eV":[144],"increases":[146],"up":[147],"saturation":[150],"regime":[151],"near":[152],"100":[153],"eV.":[154],"Simulated":[155],"desorption":[157,171,193],"spectroscopy":[158],"(TDS)":[159],"further":[160],"reveals":[161],"distinct":[162],"release":[163],"mechanisms":[164],"two":[167],"investigated":[168],"metals:":[169],"from":[172],"occurs":[174],"temperatures":[177],"preceded":[180],"by":[181,285],"removal":[183],"surface":[185],"atoms,":[187],"atom":[192],"continuously":[195],"around":[196],"950":[197],"K,":[198],"porous":[202],"structure.":[203],"Comparative":[204],"argon":[207],"(Ar)":[208],"demonstrate":[209],"negligible":[210],"even":[212],"comparable":[214],"or":[217],"momentum,":[218],"showing":[219],"neither":[221],"parameter":[222],"alone":[223],"accounts":[224],"strong":[227],"observed":[230],"Ti.":[232],"above":[234],"results":[235],"very":[238],"good":[239],"agreement":[240],"what":[242],"reported":[244],"literature":[246],"low-kinetic":[248],"ion":[251],"implantation":[252],"surfaces,":[255],"suggesting":[256],"similar":[257],"insertion":[258],"mechanisms.":[259],"They":[260],"clarify":[261],"atomistic":[263],"conditions":[264],"governing":[265],"noble":[266],"provide":[273],"basis":[275],"controlling":[277],"porosity":[281],"films":[283],"synthesized":[284],"sputtering.":[287]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-12T00:00:00"}
