{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7221237314","doi":null,"title":"Evaluation of Phytochemicals, Amino Acids, Mineral and Vitamin Contents in Bee Bread, Vernonia amygdalina, Jatropha tanjorersis, and Bryophyllum pinnatum","display_name":"Evaluation of Phytochemicals, Amino Acids, Mineral and Vitamin Contents in Bee Bread, Vernonia amygdalina, Jatropha tanjorersis, and Bryophyllum pinnatum","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7221237314"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.www.nsbmb.org.ng:article/610","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.nsbmb.org.ng/journals/index.php/index/article/view/610","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4390296785","display_name":"Nigerian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","issn_l":"0189-4757","issn":["0189-4757","2659-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"0189-4757","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.nsbmb.org.ng/journals/index.php/index/article/view/610","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158026473","display_name":"Alexander Idoko","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Idoko, Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108828793","display_name":"Ugwudike Patrick O","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9595-5242","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9595-5242"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ugwudike O., Patrick","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158063615","display_name":"Blessing Omeche Eyimoga","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eyimoga, Blessing Omeche","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158106397","display_name":"Victor Chukwuemeka Ovuta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ovuta, Victor Chukwuemeka","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158017901","display_name":"Sylvanus Ibezim C.","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibezim C., Sylvanus","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158094547","display_name":"Chekwube Samuel Egede","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Egede, Chekwube Samuel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77889074,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14127","display_name":"Food and Agricultural Sciences","score":0.5570999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14127","display_name":"Food and Agricultural Sciences","score":0.5570999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11386","display_name":"Bee Products Chemical Analysis","score":0.2117999941110611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14521","display_name":"Medicinal Plant Research","score":0.12780000269412994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bee-bread","display_name":"bee bread","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vernonia-amygdalina","display_name":"Vernonia amygdalina","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bryophyllum-pinnatum","display_name":"Bryophyllum pinnatum","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytochemicals","display_name":"phytochemicals","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amino-acids","display_name":"amino acids","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mineral-content","display_name":"mineral content","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitamin-content","display_name":"vitamin content","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tannins","display_name":"tannins","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flavonoids","display_name":"flavonoids","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkaloids","display_name":"alkaloids","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycosides","display_name":"glycosides","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-foods","display_name":"functional foods","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutritional-composition","display_name":"nutritional composition","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicinal-plants","display_name":"medicinal plants","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bee-products","display_name":"bee products","score":0.5210000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-fortification","display_name":"food fortification","score":0.3400000035762787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777594791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3744526","display_name":"Vernonia amygdalina","level":2,"score":0.9180999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195475562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1639139","display_name":"Phytochemical","level":2,"score":0.6581000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.5353000164031982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194671627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192639","display_name":"Glycoside","level":2,"score":0.4763999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.46320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776940978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34956","display_name":"Vitamin","level":2,"score":0.4422000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.44020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515207424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8066","display_name":"Amino acid","level":2,"score":0.4180999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778733479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152986","display_name":"Jatropha","level":4,"score":0.38609999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.3720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40231798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333743","display_name":"Composition (language)","level":2,"score":0.33469998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779158651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188840","display_name":"Medicinal plants","level":2,"score":0.31859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206103511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426694","display_name":"Terpenoid","level":2,"score":0.2888999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44872808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169822","display_name":"Bee pollen","level":3,"score":0.28850001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777551382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141180","display_name":"Vitamin E","level":3,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020471959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183206","display_name":"B vitamins","level":2,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.www.nsbmb.org.ng:article/610","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.nsbmb.org.ng/journals/index.php/index/article/view/610","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4390296785","display_name":"Nigerian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","issn_l":"0189-4757","issn":["0189-4757","2659-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"0189-4757","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.www.nsbmb.org.ng:article/610","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.nsbmb.org.ng/journals/index.php/index/article/view/610","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4390296785","display_name":"Nigerian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","issn_l":"0189-4757","issn":["0189-4757","2659-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"0189-4757","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.991100013256073,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2181318442","https://openalex.org/W4318914946","https://openalex.org/W4392379998","https://openalex.org/W3128105409","https://openalex.org/W4410182075","https://openalex.org/W3009834515","https://openalex.org/W3006432780","https://openalex.org/W2928565248","https://openalex.org/W4396780845","https://openalex.org/W3209734447"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"lot":[1],"of":[2,20,32,180,239],"nutrients":[3],"and":[4,12,44,58,68,81,89,100,109,121,151,171,190,208,220,229,246,252,262],"bioactive":[5,248],"derivatives":[6],"are":[7],"available":[8],"in":[9,47,97,105,117,132,158,197,222],"natural":[10,28],"plants":[11],"derivable":[13],"sources,":[14],"with":[15],"several":[16],"benefits.":[17],"However,":[18],"knowledge":[19],"their":[21,233,247],"composition":[22],"is":[23],"paramount":[24],"to":[25,36,242],"exploit":[26],"these":[27],"sources.":[29],"The":[30,153],"aim":[31],"this":[33],"study":[34],"was":[35,111,126],"evaluate":[37],"the":[38,106,215],"phytochemicals,":[39,216],"amino":[40,155,217],"acids":[41,136,156],"(AA),":[42],"mineral,":[43],"vitamin":[45],"contents":[46,179],"bee":[48,101,159,181,198,223],"bread,":[49,224],"Vernonia":[50],"amygdalina":[51,99,120],"(v.":[52],"amygdalina),":[53],"Jatropha":[54],"tangoresis":[55,123,166,187,204],"(J.":[56],"tangoresis),":[57],"Bryophyllum":[59],"pinnatum":[60,173,192,210],"(B.":[61],"pinnatum).":[62],"Plant":[63],"materials":[64],"were":[65,91,161,183],"collected,":[66],"treated":[67],"prepared":[69],"for":[70,257],"analysis":[71],"by":[72],"high":[73,131],"performance":[74],"liquid":[75],"chromatography":[76],"(HPLC)":[77],"following":[78],"standard":[79],"methods":[80],"procedures.":[82],"Quantitative":[83],"phytochemical":[84],"results":[85],"revealed":[86],"that":[87],"tannins":[88],"flavonoids":[90,251],"significantly":[92,112,127],"(p":[93,113,128],"<":[94,114,129],"0.05)":[95,115,130],"higher":[96,116],"v.":[98,119],"bread":[102,160,182,199],"respectively":[103],"than":[104],"other":[107],"samples,":[108],"alkaloids":[110],"both":[118],"J.":[122,165,186,203,225],"respectively.":[124],"Glycosides":[125],"all":[133],"samples.":[134],"Amino":[135],"analyzed":[137,157],"include":[138],"glutamate,":[139],"aspartate,":[140],"proline,":[141],"phenylalanine,":[142],"glycine,":[143],"tyrosine,":[144],"methionine,":[145],"leucine,":[146],"arginine,":[147],"histidine,":[148],"lysine,":[149],"isoleusine,":[150],"threonine.":[152],"total":[154],"79.69214":[162],"g/100":[163,169,175],"g,":[164,170],"leaf":[167],"83.16352":[168],"B.":[172,191,209,230],"82.32374":[174],"g.":[176],"Total":[177,195],"mineral":[178],"(29.79":[184],"ppm),":[185,189],"(21.32":[188],"(24.03":[193],"ppm).":[194],"vitamins":[196,221],"(69.50490":[200],"mg/100":[201,206],"g),":[202,207],"(21.03042":[205],"(26.59189":[211],"mg/100).":[212],"In":[213],"conclusion,":[214],"acids,":[218],"minerals":[219],"tangoresis,":[226],"V.":[227],"amygdalina,":[228],"pinnatum,":[231],"reveal":[232],"potential":[234],"benefits":[235],"as":[236],"rich":[237],"sources":[238],"functional":[240],"foods":[241],"improve":[243],"dietary":[244],"intake,":[245],"compounds,":[249],"including":[250],"saponins,":[253],"validate":[254],"traditional":[255],"uses":[256],"managing":[258],"conditions":[259],"like":[260],"diabetes":[261],"inflammation.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2026-10-10T00:00:00"}