{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7221236621","doi":null,"title":"The Reality of Commercial Banks' Governance in Libya and its Reflections on the Efficiency of Liquidity Management: A Survey Study of the Employees' Opinions in Tarhuna Commercial Banks","display_name":"The Reality of Commercial Banks' Governance in Libya and its Reflections on the Efficiency of Liquidity Management: A Survey Study of the Employees' Opinions in Tarhuna Commercial Banks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7221236621"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.aaasjournals.com:article/2028","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://aaasjournals.com/index.php/ajashss/article/view/2028","pdf_url":"https://aaasjournals.com/index.php/ajashss/article/download/2028/1913","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407054558","display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629","issn_l":"2957-5907","issn":["2957-5907"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.65418/ajashss.v5i2","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://aaasjournals.com/index.php/ajashss/article/download/2028/1913","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158218605","display_name":"Abubaker Salem M.","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132692309","display_name":"Alasmarya Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/01gr30f96","country_code":"LY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132692309"]}],"countries":["LY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abubaker Salem M.","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u2013 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u2013 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132692309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5158218605"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132692309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77015823,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10127","display_name":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","score":0.8628000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10127","display_name":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","score":0.8628000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14183","display_name":"Banking Sector Performance and Management","score":0.0406000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11365","display_name":"Islamic Finance and Banking Studies","score":0.03519999980926514,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquidity-risk-management","display_name":"liquidity risk management","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/libyan-commercial-banks","display_name":"Libyan commercial banks","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bank-employees-perceptions","display_name":"bank employees' perceptions","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-warning-systems","display_name":"early warning systems","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-based-governance","display_name":"performance-based governance","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-experience","display_name":"employee experience","score":0.40799999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-level","display_name":"job level","score":0.421999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6935999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.6459000110626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173481278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257997","display_name":"Survey research","level":2,"score":0.5403000116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183582576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184783","display_name":"Market liquidity","level":2,"score":0.49219998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.41819998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.41519999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73283319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416617","display_name":"Financial system","level":1,"score":0.3700999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.30979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73945780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q814232","display_name":"Survey methodology","level":2,"score":0.2547999918460846}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.aaasjournals.com:article/2028","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://aaasjournals.com/index.php/ajashss/article/view/2028","pdf_url":"https://aaasjournals.com/index.php/ajashss/article/download/2028/1913","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407054558","display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629","issn_l":"2957-5907","issn":["2957-5907"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.65418/ajashss.v5i2","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.aaasjournals.com:article/2028","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://aaasjournals.com/index.php/ajashss/article/view/2028","pdf_url":"https://aaasjournals.com/index.php/ajashss/article/download/2028/1913","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407054558","display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629","issn_l":"2957-5907","issn":["2957-5907"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.65418/ajashss.v5i2","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.666700005531311,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"score":0.48510000109672546,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221236621.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7221236621.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7221216846","https://openalex.org/W7221258015","https://openalex.org/W7118503908","https://openalex.org/W7221113385","https://openalex.org/W4415886065","https://openalex.org/W7120076387","https://openalex.org/W7132841051","https://openalex.org/W7114766678","https://openalex.org/W7128965196","https://openalex.org/W2980528288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a":[0],"\u0647\u0630\u0647":[1,35],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629":[2,41,79,148],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[3,80,131,154],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621":[4],"\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639":[5],"\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642":[6],"\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626":[7],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629":[8,85],"\u0641\u064a":[9,13,54,94,113,134],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641":[10,57,96],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629":[11,58],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629":[12],"\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627":[14],"\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633":[15],"\u0645\u062f\u0649":[16],"\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627":[17],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[18,26,48,145,166],"\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629":[19],"\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629":[20],"\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631":[21],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629":[22,101,177],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c":[23,163],"\u0645\u0639":[24,90,164],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632":[25],"\u0643\u0634\u0641":[27],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a":[28],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629":[29],"\u0628\u064a\u0646":[30,140,170],"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631":[31],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629":[32],"\u062d\u0648\u0644":[33],"\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629":[34],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626.":[36],"\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642":[37],"\u0647\u0630\u0627":[38],"\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u060c":[39],"\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a":[40],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c":[42],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a":[43],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a":[44],"\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645":[45,68],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629":[46],"\u0648\u064f\u0632\u0639\u062a":[47],"\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629":[49],"\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629":[50],"\u0645\u0646":[51,56,151],"70":[52],"\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0627\u064b":[53],"\u0639\u062f\u062f":[55],"(\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c":[59],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a":[60],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c":[61],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c":[62],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646)\u060c":[63],"\u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a":[64],"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629":[65],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a":[66],"\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b":[67],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a":[69],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629":[70],"\u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631":[71],"\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644":[72],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646":[73],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a":[74],"(One-Way":[75],"ANOVA).":[76],"\u0648\u0642\u062f":[77],"\u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a":[78],"\u0623\u0646":[81],"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649":[82],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645":[83],"\u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626":[84],"\u062c\u0627\u0621":[86],"\u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631":[87],"\u0639\u0627\u0645":[88],"\"\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\"\u060c":[89],"\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f":[91,108,132],"\u0636\u0639\u0641":[92],"\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638":[93],"\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643":[95],"\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a":[97],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629":[98],"\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629":[99],"\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a":[100],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629.":[102],"\u0643\u0645\u0627":[103],"\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a":[104],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c":[105],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629":[106],"\u0639\u0646":[107],"\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642":[109],"\u0630\u0627\u062a":[110],"\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629":[111],"\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629":[112],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a":[114],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646":[115],"\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649":[116],"\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631":[117,137],"\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a":[118],"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u061b":[119],"\u062d\u064a\u062b":[120],"\u0643\u0627\u0646":[121],"\u0630\u0648\u0648":[122],"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629":[123],"\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629":[124],"\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631":[125],"\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b":[126],"\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639":[127],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629":[128],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c":[129],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629":[130],"\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646":[133],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643":[135],"\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649":[136],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632":[138],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a":[139],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646":[141],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a":[142],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a.":[143],"\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b":[144],"\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c":[146],"\u0623\u0648\u0635\u062a":[147],"\u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629":[149],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644":[150],"\"\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629":[152,155],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644\"":[153],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\"\u060c":[156],"\u0648\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644":[157],"\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a":[158],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631":[159],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631":[160],"\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624":[161],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631":[162],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644":[165],"\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635":[167],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629":[168],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629":[169],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a":[171],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629":[172],"\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646":[173],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629":[174],"\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631":[175],"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a":[176],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-26T11:51:55.731654","created_date":"2026-10-10T00:00:00"}