{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7221197397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal16100892","title":"The Role of Titanium Species in Ti-SBA-15 Materials for the UV\u2013Photocatalytic Degradation of Acetaminophen in Water","display_name":"The Role of Titanium Species in Ti-SBA-15 Materials for the UV\u2013Photocatalytic Degradation of Acetaminophen in Water","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7221197397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal16100892"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/catal16100892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal16100892","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal16100892","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738539744","display_name":"Catalysts","issn_l":"2073-4344","issn":["2073-4344"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Catalysts","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal16100892","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114433197","display_name":"Juan Pablo Ch\u00e1vez-Le\u00f3n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9859-561X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9859-561X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173755004","display_name":"Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo","ror":"https://ror.org/00z0kq074","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173755004"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Pablo Ch\u00e1vez-Le\u00f3n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo, Morelia 58060, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9859-561X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo, Morelia 58060, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173755004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158127046","display_name":"Mariana Lizeth L\u00f3pez-Garc\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8818-5059","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8818-5059"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173755004","display_name":"Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo","ror":"https://ror.org/00z0kq074","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173755004"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariana Lizeth L\u00f3pez-Garc\u00eda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo, Morelia 58060, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8818-5059","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo, Morelia 58060, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173755004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075597033","display_name":"Uriel Caudillo\u2010Flores","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2492-8407","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2492-8407"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8961855","display_name":"Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico","ror":"https://ror.org/01tmp8f25","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8961855"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Uriel Caudillo-Flores","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Ensenada 22800, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2492-8407","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Ensenada 22800, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8961855"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017420559","display_name":"Dora Alicia Sol\u00eds-Casados","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4950-1418","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4950-1418"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179647637","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de M\u00e9xico","ror":"https://ror.org/0079gpv38","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179647637"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dora A. Solis-Casados","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, Centro Conjunto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica Sustentable, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de M\u00e9xico, Toluca 50120, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4950-1418","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, Centro Conjunto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica Sustentable, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de M\u00e9xico, Toluca 50120, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179647637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090733629","display_name":"Jaime Espino Valencia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6122-8135","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6122-8135"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173755004","display_name":"Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo","ror":"https://ror.org/00z0kq074","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173755004"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jaime Espino-Valencia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo, Morelia 58060, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6122-8135","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo, Morelia 58060, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173755004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034347751","display_name":"Deysi Amado-Pi\u00f1a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5736-1507","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5736-1507"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179647637","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de M\u00e9xico","ror":"https://ror.org/0079gpv38","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179647637"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deysi Amado-Pi\u00f1a","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, Centro Conjunto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica Sustentable, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de M\u00e9xico, Toluca 50120, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, Centro Conjunto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica Sustentable, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de M\u00e9xico, Toluca 50120, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179647637"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101719715","display_name":"Horacio Gonz\u00e1lez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3003-997X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3003-997X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173755004","display_name":"Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo","ror":"https://ror.org/00z0kq074","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173755004"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Horacio Gonz\u00e1lez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo, Morelia 58060, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3003-997X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo, Morelia 58060, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173755004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090733629","https://openalex.org/A5101719715"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173755004"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2654},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2654},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55926194,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"10","first_page":"892","last_page":"892"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10024","display_name":"TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells","score":0.5214999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10024","display_name":"TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells","score":0.5214999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10078","display_name":"Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques","score":0.24789999425411224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10735","display_name":"Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis","score":0.1062999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ti-sba-15","display_name":"Ti-SBA-15","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/titanium-species","display_name":"titanium species","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acetaminophen-degradation","display_name":"acetaminophen degradation","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uv-photocatalysis","display_name":"UV photocatalysis","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneous-photocatalysis","display_name":"heterogeneous photocatalysis","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/si-ti-molar-ratio","display_name":"Si/Ti molar ratio","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/band-gap","display_name":"band gap","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mineralization","display_name":"mineralization","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aromatic-intermediates","display_name":"aromatic intermediates","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmaceuticals-in-water","display_name":"pharmaceuticals in water","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatase-formation","display_name":"anatase formation","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catalyst-recycling","display_name":"catalyst recycling","score":0.3019999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.6773999929428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218831","display_name":"Photocatalysis","level":3,"score":0.6635000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251805","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.6144000291824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86181022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196823","display_name":"Zeta potential","level":3,"score":0.5494999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5295000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175708663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899559","display_name":"X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.526199996471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82776694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380049","display_name":"Mesoporous material","level":3,"score":0.49939998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413357","display_name":"Anatase","level":4,"score":0.4961000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177562468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182893","display_name":"Dispersion (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4948999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4611000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506065880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716","display_name":"Titanium","level":2,"score":0.4553000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4253000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777496208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156473","display_name":"Mesoporous silica","level":4,"score":0.38510000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3781000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.375900000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13965031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545","display_name":"Nuclear chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3725999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778722691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57055","display_name":"Acetaminophen","level":2,"score":0.3695000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86381522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2752988","display_name":"Microporous material","level":2,"score":0.35580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184651966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906356","display_name":"Aqueous solution","level":2,"score":0.35530000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994067411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125264","display_name":"Molar ratio","level":3,"score":0.352400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777593239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193521","display_name":"Titanium dioxide","level":2,"score":0.3497999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181966813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q806352","display_name":"Band gap","level":2,"score":0.3181999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150581940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622205","display_name":"Specific surface area","level":3,"score":0.31769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780358262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540423","display_name":"Surface charge","level":2,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137981799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369184","display_name":"Reusability","level":3,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76046532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900239","display_name":"Molar absorptivity","level":2,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202271784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189218","display_name":"Molar","level":2,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71987851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7216430","display_name":"Impurity","level":2,"score":0.25519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168314062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2550696","display_name":"Absorption of water","level":2,"score":0.2533000111579895}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/catal16100892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal16100892","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal16100892","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738539744","display_name":"Catalysts","issn_l":"2073-4344","issn":["2073-4344"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Catalysts","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/catal16100892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal16100892","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/catal16100892","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738539744","display_name":"Catalysts","issn_l":"2073-4344","issn":["2073-4344"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Catalysts","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.7778000235557556}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4820121","https://openalex.org/W1636962008","https://openalex.org/W1922730584","https://openalex.org/W1982627226","https://openalex.org/W1993173630","https://openalex.org/W1997209563","https://openalex.org/W1998043145","https://openalex.org/W2004435885","https://openalex.org/W2018593167","https://openalex.org/W2030713005","https://openalex.org/W2038585726","https://openalex.org/W2044605482","https://openalex.org/W2046199284","https://openalex.org/W2055794716","https://openalex.org/W2060241949","https://openalex.org/W2071538649","https://openalex.org/W2075726035","https://openalex.org/W2087348762","https://openalex.org/W2088311886","https://openalex.org/W2091002202","https://openalex.org/W2162994701","https://openalex.org/W2237122620","https://openalex.org/W2264176673","https://openalex.org/W2302439805","https://openalex.org/W2335153285","https://openalex.org/W2514249202","https://openalex.org/W2515321296","https://openalex.org/W2534419109","https://openalex.org/W2741717165","https://openalex.org/W2804058679","https://openalex.org/W2900607063","https://openalex.org/W2911437378","https://openalex.org/W2912250155","https://openalex.org/W2912624529","https://openalex.org/W2916660105","https://openalex.org/W2954364508","https://openalex.org/W2969565601","https://openalex.org/W2985465141","https://openalex.org/W2997367489","https://openalex.org/W3041081999","https://openalex.org/W3093688998","https://openalex.org/W3164242798","https://openalex.org/W3196821050","https://openalex.org/W4229003934","https://openalex.org/W4308124849","https://openalex.org/W4315567762","https://openalex.org/W4360839605","https://openalex.org/W4362577803","https://openalex.org/W4376255748","https://openalex.org/W4382140028","https://openalex.org/W4383376968","https://openalex.org/W4387580541","https://openalex.org/W4388265325","https://openalex.org/W4394786715","https://openalex.org/W4403679705","https://openalex.org/W4410495309","https://openalex.org/W4410827802","https://openalex.org/W4411627126","https://openalex.org/W4412423475","https://openalex.org/W4414806561","https://openalex.org/W4415406551","https://openalex.org/W7126371027","https://openalex.org/W7162494576"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2084761892","https://openalex.org/W2529928440","https://openalex.org/W2417073961","https://openalex.org/W7201868973","https://openalex.org/W1998043145","https://openalex.org/W2261850502","https://openalex.org/W2041018177","https://openalex.org/W2038585726","https://openalex.org/W2727777163","https://openalex.org/W2005644301"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Water":[0],"contamination":[1],"by":[2,57,301],"acetaminophen,":[3],"a":[4,14,36,58,264,290,316],"compound":[5],"difficult":[6,248],"to":[7,19,62,122,204,249],"remove":[8],"via":[9],"conventional":[10],"treatments,":[11],"has":[12],"become":[13],"growing":[15],"environmental":[16],"concern":[17],"due":[18],"its":[20],"excessive":[21],"consumption":[22],"in":[23,167,192,199,319],"recent":[24],"years.":[25],"Among":[26],"emerging":[27],"methods":[28],"for":[29,128,293],"removing":[30],"this":[31,46],"pollutant,":[32],"heterogeneous":[33],"photocatalysis":[34],"is":[35,159,190,299],"promising":[37],"option":[38],"that":[39,95,114,182,285],"enables":[40],"catalyst":[41,265],"recovery":[42],"and":[43,88,216],"reuse.":[44],"In":[45],"research,":[47],"Ti-SBA-15":[48,200,287],"materials":[49,76,201],"with":[50,162,171,175,223,263],"different":[51],"Si/Ti":[52,108,125],"molar":[53,126],"ratios":[54],"were":[55],"synthesized":[56,130],"one-step":[59],"sol\u2013gel":[60],"method":[61,117],"improve":[63],"Ti":[64,119,134,169,184,198],"dispersion":[65],"within":[66],"the":[67,75,96,115,123,133,137,143,176,183,187,232,256,279,286,302,310,321,325],"SBA-15":[68,102],"silica":[69,188],"framework.":[70],"A":[71],"detailed":[72],"characterization":[73],"of":[74,101,197,235,267,306,312,324],"was":[77,103,260],"carried":[78],"out":[79],"using":[80],"XRD,":[81],"SEM,":[82],"ICP-OES,":[83],"N2":[84],"physisorption,":[85],"UV-Vis-DRS,":[86],"XPS,":[87],"zeta":[89],"potential":[90],"techniques.":[91],"The":[92,148,273],"results":[93,283],"showed":[94,113,151],"characteristic":[97],"hexagonal":[98],"mesoporous":[99],"structure":[100],"largely":[104],"preserved":[105],"at":[106,270],"high":[107,242,291],"ratios,":[109],"while":[110],"ICP-OES":[111],"analysis":[112],"synthesis":[116],"allowed":[118],"incorporation":[120],"close":[121],"theoretical":[124],"ratio":[127],"most":[129],"materials.":[131],"As":[132],"content":[135],"increased,":[136],"specific":[138],"surface":[139],"area":[140],"decreased,":[141],"whereas":[142],"band":[144,154],"gap":[145],"energy":[146],"increased.":[147],"UV-Vis-DRS":[149],"spectrum":[150],"an":[152],"absorption":[153],"around":[155],"230":[156],"nm,":[157],"which":[158],"commonly":[160],"associated":[161],"ligand-to-metal":[163],"charge":[164],"transfer":[165],"transitions":[166],"isolated":[168],"species":[170],"tetrahedral":[172,193],"coordination.":[173,194],"Together":[174],"XPS":[177],"results,":[178],"these":[179],"findings":[180],"suggest":[181],"incorporated":[185],"into":[186,241,252],"framework":[189],"predominantly":[191],"Small":[195],"amounts":[196],"are":[202,247],"sufficient":[203],"promote":[205],"photocatalytic":[206,326],"acetaminophen":[207,236],"degradation,":[208],"without":[209],"requiring":[210],"significant":[211],"anatase":[212],"formation.":[213],"Catalyst":[214],"dosage":[215],"solution":[217],"pH":[218,271],"significantly":[219],"influenced":[220],"system":[221,288],"performance,":[222],"higher":[224],"degradation":[225,314],"rates":[226],"observed":[227],"under":[228],"acidic":[229],"conditions.":[230],"However,":[231],"rapid":[233],"disappearance":[234],"did":[237],"not":[238],"directly":[239],"translate":[240],"mineralization,":[243],"as":[244],"aromatic":[245,307],"intermediates":[246],"break":[250],"down":[251],"carboxylic":[253],"acids.":[254],"Consequently,":[255],"maximum":[257],"mineralization":[258,298],"achieved":[259],"50%,":[261],"obtained":[262],"concentration":[266],"50":[268],"mg/L":[269],"6.":[272],"proposed":[274],"reaction":[275],"scheme":[276],"successfully":[277],"predicted":[278],"experimental":[280],"data.":[281],"These":[282],"show":[284],"possesses":[289],"capacity":[292],"degrading":[294],"acetaminophen;":[295],"however,":[296],"complete":[297],"limited":[300],"slow":[303],"oxidation":[304],"rate":[305],"intermediates,":[308],"making":[309],"control":[311],"subsequent":[313],"stages":[315],"key":[317],"factor":[318],"improving":[320],"overall":[322],"efficiency":[323],"process.":[327]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-25T09:29:13.331239","created_date":"2026-10-10T00:00:00"}