{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7221152041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.613022","title":"Continuous vision transformer-based neural operator for scalable beam propagation modeling in optical fibers","display_name":"Continuous vision transformer-based neural operator for scalable beam propagation modeling in optical fibers","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7221152041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.613022","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42972723"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/oe.613022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.613022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.613022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178776955","display_name":"Optics Express","issn_l":"1094-4087","issn":["1094-4087"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.613022","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158045097","display_name":"Xiao Luo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767763","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02v9wg343","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4391767763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4391767763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157989356","display_name":"yao zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9221-379X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9221-379X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767763","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02v9wg343","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4391767763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9221-379X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4391767763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158209130","display_name":"Yiming Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1986-6586","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1986-6586"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767763","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02v9wg343","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4391767763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1986-6586","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4391767763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158205157","display_name":"Xiaotian Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-8728","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-8728"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153335","display_name":"China Telecom","ror":"https://ror.org/05p67dv18","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaotian Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Telecom Research Institute"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-8728","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Telecom Research Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158080156","display_name":"Min Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8230-300X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8230-300X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767763","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02v9wg343","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4391767763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8230-300X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4391767763"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045225481","display_name":"Danshi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9815-4013","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9815-4013"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767763","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02v9wg343","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4391767763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danshi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9815-4013","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4391767763"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2270},"apc_paid":{"value":2270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2270},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71175157,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"22","first_page":"41247","last_page":"41247"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.9253000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.9253000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10846","display_name":"Photonic Crystal and Fiber Optics","score":0.021299999207258224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.016499999910593033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fibers","display_name":"optical fibers","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-operators","display_name":"neural operators","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deeponet","display_name":"DeepONet","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatio-temporal-embedding","display_name":"spatio-temporal embedding","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-geometry","display_name":"fiber geometry","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperparameter-sensitivity","display_name":"hyperparameter sensitivity","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-set-size","display_name":"training data size","score":0.8989999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.7045999765396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5206999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.5126000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.435699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191463272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493660","display_name":"Light beam","level":2,"score":0.42829999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.4147999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19819980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947542","display_name":"Beam splitter","level":3,"score":0.39320001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3725000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.36880001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.36340001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984025587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser beams","level":3,"score":0.33980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.3222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154236941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942347","display_name":"Physical optics","level":2,"score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99568719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129003","display_name":"Continuous wave","level":3,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21651689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397427","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","level":3,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.2736000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5339829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1425977","display_name":"Machine vision","level":2,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42067758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174102","display_name":"Refractive index","level":2,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778269747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098845","display_name":"Optical circulator","level":3,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135562815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876189","display_name":"Beam propagation method","level":3,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899552","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","level":2,"score":0.25519999861717224}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1364/oe.613022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.613022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.613022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178776955","display_name":"Optics Express","issn_l":"1094-4087","issn":["1094-4087"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42972723","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42972723","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics express","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/oe.613022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.613022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.613022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178776955","display_name":"Optics Express","issn_l":"1094-4087","issn":["1094-4087"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963561884","https://openalex.org/W1985796395","https://openalex.org/W1996669825","https://openalex.org/W2012738776","https://openalex.org/W2016447496","https://openalex.org/W2057948975","https://openalex.org/W2078388421","https://openalex.org/W2078592507","https://openalex.org/W2080665380","https://openalex.org/W2100679347","https://openalex.org/W2104895315","https://openalex.org/W2122778679","https://openalex.org/W2133797301","https://openalex.org/W2146327760","https://openalex.org/W2150898299","https://openalex.org/W2286960277","https://openalex.org/W2531653373","https://openalex.org/W2589178716","https://openalex.org/W2789555118","https://openalex.org/W2899283552","https://openalex.org/W2979700798","https://openalex.org/W2979786244","https://openalex.org/W3040222341","https://openalex.org/W3092323705","https://openalex.org/W3094502228","https://openalex.org/W3118861991","https://openalex.org/W3134474255","https://openalex.org/W3137898953","https://openalex.org/W3163993681","https://openalex.org/W3184028340","https://openalex.org/W4285066306","https://openalex.org/W4307154444","https://openalex.org/W4308730153","https://openalex.org/W4365143687","https://openalex.org/W4385289117","https://openalex.org/W4390409880","https://openalex.org/W4391629689","https://openalex.org/W4392019845","https://openalex.org/W4392619018","https://openalex.org/W4398796428","https://openalex.org/W4401017241","https://openalex.org/W4406311719","https://openalex.org/W4408360670","https://openalex.org/W4408815288","https://openalex.org/W4409486606","https://openalex.org/W4415796935","https://openalex.org/W4416763299","https://openalex.org/W7083809869","https://openalex.org/W7133192037","https://openalex.org/W7160871854","https://openalex.org/W7163903615","https://openalex.org/W7165733556"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7116059611","https://openalex.org/W4402261494","https://openalex.org/W4414786112","https://openalex.org/W7204777031","https://openalex.org/W7163903615","https://openalex.org/W4417354365","https://openalex.org/W4385804580","https://openalex.org/W4292435467","https://openalex.org/W4410530069","https://openalex.org/W4391087755"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"beam":[1,45,67,119],"propagation":[2,46,120,135],"modeling":[3,133],"is":[4],"essential":[5],"for":[6],"the":[7,70,77,88,110,126,130,139],"design":[8],"and":[9,33,57,107,144],"optimization":[10],"of":[11,129,141],"optical":[12],"fiber":[13,105],"systems.":[14],"However,":[15],"conventional":[16],"numerical":[17],"methods":[18],"are":[19,151],"often":[20],"computationally":[21],"expensive,":[22],"while":[23],"existing":[24],"neural":[25,47],"operators":[26],"struggle":[27],"to":[28],"capture":[29],"long-range":[30,74,134],"evolution":[31],"dynamics":[32,75],"preserve":[34],"spatiotemporal":[35,85,92],"causality.":[36],"To":[37],"address":[38],"these":[39],"limitations,":[40],"we":[41],"propose":[42],"a":[43,52,58,83,100],"scalable":[44],"operator":[48],"(BPNO)":[49],"that":[50],"combines":[51],"Deep":[53],"Operator":[54],"Network":[55],"(DeepONet)":[56],"continuous":[59],"Vision":[60],"Transformer":[61],"(CViT).":[62],"The":[63,122],"DeepONet":[64],"learns":[65],"short-range":[66],"evolution,":[68],"whereas":[69],"CViT":[71,89,131],"autoregressively":[72],"predicts":[73],"from":[76],"generated":[78],"field":[79],"sequences.":[80],"By":[81],"incorporating":[82],"three-dimensional":[84],"embedding":[86],"mechanism,":[87],"directly":[90],"embeds":[91],"causality":[93],"into":[94],"its":[95],"network":[96,142],"architecture.":[97],"Trained":[98],"on":[99,148],"comprehensive":[101],"dataset":[102],"covering":[103],"diverse":[104],"geometries":[106],"input":[108],"conditions,":[109],"proposed":[111],"BPNO":[112],"achieves":[113],"high":[114],"prediction":[115],"accuracy":[116],"across":[117],"multiple":[118],"scenarios.":[121],"results":[123],"further":[124],"demonstrate":[125],"superior":[127],"capability":[128],"in":[132],"dynamics.":[136],"In":[137],"addition,":[138],"impacts":[140],"hyperparameters":[143],"training":[145],"data":[146],"volume":[147],"model":[149],"performance":[150],"systematically":[152],"investigated.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-10-10T00:00:00"}