{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7221045459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23211374","title":"A Conceptual Theoretical Framework for Biochar-Derived Hard-Carbon Anodes in Sodium-Ion Battery Systems for Data-Center Applications Under Elevated-Temperature Conditions","display_name":"A Conceptual Theoretical Framework for Biochar-Derived Hard-Carbon Anodes in Sodium-Ion Battery Systems for Data-Center Applications Under Elevated-Temperature Conditions","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7221045459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23211374"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23211374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23211374","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23211374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23211374","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152776891","display_name":"Tommi Aronen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aronen, Tommi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent Researcher"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5152776891"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10018","display_name":"Advancements in Battery Materials","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10018","display_name":"Advancements in Battery Materials","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Battery Modeling and Management","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12875","display_name":"Thermal Expansion and Ionic Conductivity","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochar","display_name":"biochar","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hard-carbon-anode","display_name":"hard carbon anode","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-ion-batteries","display_name":"sodium-ion batteries","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevated-operating-temperature","display_name":"elevated operating temperature","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ion-transport","display_name":"ion transport","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-heat-generation","display_name":"internal heat generation","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-management","display_name":"thermal management","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-efficiency","display_name":"electrical efficiency","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-framework","display_name":"theoretical framework","score":0.5899999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89395315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181232","display_name":"Anode","level":3,"score":0.6348999738693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.47029998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.45969998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4458000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.4163999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40529999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.38280001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.3725000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3718999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7877","display_name":"Electrochemistry","level":3,"score":0.31709998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183287310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142963","display_name":"Thermal energy storage","level":2,"score":0.30880001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114834414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15477170","display_name":"Thermal management of electronic devices and systems","level":2,"score":0.2831999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.28189998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107861326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209233","display_name":"Thermal energy","level":2,"score":0.27799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993969710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Electrochemical energy storage","level":5,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.27230000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120208923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158435","display_name":"Conceptual design","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23211374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23211374","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23211374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23211375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23211375","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23211375","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23211374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23211374","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23211374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":1.0,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4943999946117401,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392913244","https://openalex.org/W4410575204","https://openalex.org/W3197934552","https://openalex.org/W6922335223","https://openalex.org/W7168168265","https://openalex.org/W7171070338","https://openalex.org/W7148686172","https://openalex.org/W7166339968","https://openalex.org/W7116707451","https://openalex.org/W7133661031"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"English":[0],"Abstract:This":[1],"technical":[2],"brief":[3],"presents":[4],"a":[5,33],"conceptual":[6],"theoretical":[7],"framework":[8],"for":[9,14,19,51],"evaluating":[10],"biochar-derived":[11],"hard-carbon":[12,36],"anodes":[13],"sodium-ion":[15,39],"battery":[16],"systems":[17],"intended":[18],"potential":[20],"application":[21],"in":[22],"data-center":[23],"energy":[24],"storage":[25,41],"under":[26],"elevated-temperature":[27],"conditions.":[28],"The":[29],"proposed":[30],"architecture":[31],"combines":[32],"structurally":[34],"engineered":[35],"matrix":[37],"with":[38],"electrochemical":[40],"and":[42,60],"investigates":[43],"the":[44],"possible":[45],"implications":[46],"of":[47],"elevated":[48],"operating":[49],"temperatures":[50],"ion":[52],"transport,":[53],"internal":[54],"heat":[55],"generation":[56],"rate,":[57],"thermal":[58],"management,":[59],"system-level":[61],"electrical":[62],"efficiency.":[63],"Version:":[64],"2.3":[65],"(Verified":[66],"Edition":[67],"-":[68],"Internally":[69],"Audited)Research":[70],"Status:":[71],"Theoretical":[72],"/":[73],"Pre-ExperimentalAuthor:":[74],"Tommi":[75],"Aronen":[76]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00"}
