{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7221007259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48130/cas-0026-0029","title":"Interactive effects of inoculation techniques and soybean varieties on a maize-soybean system","display_name":"Interactive effects of inoculation techniques and soybean varieties on a maize-soybean system","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7221007259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48130/cas-0026-0029"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48130/cas-0026-0029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48130/cas-0026-0029","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48130/cas-0026-0029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210236819","display_name":"Circular Agricultural Systems","issn_l":"2767-9608","issn":["2767-9608"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circular Agricultural Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48130/cas-0026-0029","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103589548","display_name":"Haroon Zaman Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2095-6520","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2095-6520"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haroon Zaman Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157953846","display_name":"Muhammad Suffyan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Suffyan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082946435","display_name":"Muhammad Atif Shabir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8104-6574","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8104-6574"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Atif Shabir","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108091365","display_name":"Muhammad Aslam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7819-7961","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7819-7961"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Aslam","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066045621","display_name":"Fouzia Anjum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2336-2154","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2336-2154"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fouzia Anjum","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109257301","display_name":"Asif M. Iqbal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6527-0763","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6527-0763"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asif Iqbal","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080475899","display_name":"Muhammad Farrukh Saleem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3452-2099","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3452-2099"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Farrukh Saleem","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138143952","display_name":"Mohsin Ali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsin Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020542159","display_name":"Anjum Naeem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8774-7112","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8774-7112","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0367-7132"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anjum Naeem","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"0","last_page":"0"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12436","display_name":"Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12436","display_name":"Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12571","display_name":"Soybean genetics and cultivation","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maize-soybean-intercropping","display_name":"maize-soybean intercropping","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bradyrhizobium-japonicum","display_name":"Bradyrhizobium japonicum","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-inoculation","display_name":"seed inoculation","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-inoculation","display_name":"soil inoculation","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soybean-cultivars","display_name":"soybean cultivars","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soybean-yield","display_name":"soybean yield","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-oil-content","display_name":"seed oil content","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/1000-grain-weight","display_name":"1000-grain weight","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-yield","display_name":"biological yield","score":0.8399999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5536999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180032290","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1664296","display_name":"Inoculation","level":2,"score":0.5404000282287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.4571000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.43950000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.3538999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93678976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4215946","display_name":"Plant disease resistance","level":3,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777570262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7180218","display_name":"Phakopsora pachyrhizi","level":3,"score":0.25130000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2475000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.24690000712871552}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48130/cas-0026-0029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48130/cas-0026-0029","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48130/cas-0026-0029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210236819","display_name":"Circular Agricultural Systems","issn_l":"2767-9608","issn":["2767-9608"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circular Agricultural Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b714be48f8de4473b51bae323377837f","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b714be48f8de4473b51bae323377837f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Circular Agricultural Systems, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48130/cas-0026-0029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48130/cas-0026-0029","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48130/cas-0026-0029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210236819","display_name":"Circular Agricultural Systems","issn_l":"2767-9608","issn":["2767-9608"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circular Agricultural Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"score":0.4390000104904175,"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1601914058","https://openalex.org/W2120083876","https://openalex.org/W2135648488","https://openalex.org/W2295548959","https://openalex.org/W2547785708","https://openalex.org/W2754879044","https://openalex.org/W2795512399","https://openalex.org/W2802090481","https://openalex.org/W2888437753","https://openalex.org/W2922636986","https://openalex.org/W2995957053","https://openalex.org/W3000410144","https://openalex.org/W3024864611","https://openalex.org/W3044410122","https://openalex.org/W3091907934","https://openalex.org/W3130309295","https://openalex.org/W3170875595","https://openalex.org/W4233866941","https://openalex.org/W4281724507","https://openalex.org/W4303427257","https://openalex.org/W4318052415","https://openalex.org/W4322493648","https://openalex.org/W4362519829","https://openalex.org/W4376139235","https://openalex.org/W4381681977","https://openalex.org/W4393381051","https://openalex.org/W4399627102","https://openalex.org/W4400080009","https://openalex.org/W4404455006","https://openalex.org/W4405310609","https://openalex.org/W4416563941","https://openalex.org/W7108081770"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2921287713","https://openalex.org/W1993957939","https://openalex.org/W2003473028","https://openalex.org/W2624821921","https://openalex.org/W6892933392","https://openalex.org/W3128054777","https://openalex.org/W2564639351","https://openalex.org/W3016693203","https://openalex.org/W7208517431","https://openalex.org/W1992072918"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conventional":[0],"cropping":[1],"systems":[2],"may":[3],"contribute":[4,99],"to":[5,18,42,100],"declining":[6],"soil":[7,78,219],"fertility":[8],"and":[9,22,49,66,80,98,124,134,147,161,190,206,230],"crop":[10,24],"productivity.":[11,25],"Maize-soybean":[12],"intercropping":[13,106,212],"offers":[14],"a":[15,27],"potential":[16],"approach":[17],"improve":[19,95],"resource":[20],"use":[21],"overall":[23],"Therefore,":[26],"field":[28],"study":[29],"was":[30,87],"conducted":[31],"at":[32],"the":[33,44,53,104,140,155,166,177,199],"Agronomic":[34],"Research":[35],"Area,":[36],"University":[37],"of":[38,46,55,103],"Agriculture,":[39],"Faisalabad,":[40],"Pakistan,":[41],"evaluate":[43],"effects":[45],"soybean":[47,56,62,96,109,122,204,228],"variety":[48,123,205],"inoculation":[50,74,82,125,207,220,226],"technique":[51,126,208],"on":[52],"productivity":[54,102],"intercropped":[57,112],"with":[58,72,83,113,173,214],"spring-planted":[59],"maize.":[60],"Three":[61],"varieties":[63,110],"(Ajmeri,":[64],"Rawal-1,":[65],"NARC-2)":[67],"were":[68,111],"evaluated":[69],"in":[70,115],"combination":[71],"three":[73],"techniques:":[75],"no":[76],"inoculation,":[77,79,90,93],"seed":[81,92,191,225,231],"Bradyrhizobium":[84],"japonicum.":[85],"It":[86],"hypothesized":[88],"that":[89],"particularly":[91],"would":[94],"performance":[97],"enhanced":[101],"maize-soybean":[105,211],"system.":[107],"All":[108],"maize":[114,129,222],"90-cm-spaced":[116],"double-row":[117],"strips.":[118],"The":[119],"interaction":[120,167],"between":[121],"significantly":[127,168],"affected":[128,169],"1,000-grain":[130],"weight,":[131],"biological":[132],"yield,":[133],"grain":[135,186],"yield.":[136],"Soil-inoculated":[137],"Rawal-1":[138,175,215],"produced":[139],"highest":[141,178],"values":[142],"(287.33":[143],"g,":[144,158],"19.03":[145],"t\u00b7ha\u22121,":[146,149,160],"6.96":[148],"respectively),":[150],"whereas":[151],"uninoculated":[152,196],"Ajmeri":[153,197],"recorded":[154],"lowest":[156,200],"(235.00":[157],"11.89":[159],"4.11":[162],"t\u00b7ha\u22121).":[163],"For":[164],"soybean,":[165],"all":[170],"measured":[171],"traits,":[172],"seed-inoculated":[174],"producing":[176],"pods":[179],"plant\u22121":[180],"(125.74),":[181],"1,000-seed":[182],"weight":[183],"(147.07":[184],"g),":[185],"yield":[187,229],"(1.23":[188],"t\u00b7ha\u22121),":[189],"oil":[192],"content":[193],"(19.29%).":[194],"Hence,":[195],"showed":[198],"performance.":[201],"Overall,":[202],"optimizing":[203],"can":[209],"enhance":[210],"productivity,":[213,223],"showing":[216],"strong":[217],"potential:":[218],"favored":[221],"while":[224],"maximized":[227],"quality.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00"}