{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220991547","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.07921","title":"Charging Dicke and Tavis--Cummings quantum batteries with a $\\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric lossy--gain cavity pair","display_name":"Charging Dicke and Tavis--Cummings quantum batteries with a $\\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric lossy--gain cavity pair","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220991547","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.07921"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.07921","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.07921","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.07921","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.07921","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136726959","display_name":"Shiqing Tang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149735164","display_name":"Hengyang Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/006bvjm48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149735164"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tang, Shiqing","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Physics and Electronic Engineering , Hengyang Normal University , Hengyang 421002 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Physics and Electronic Engineering , Hengyang Normal University , Hengyang 421002 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149735164"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157970472","display_name":"Qing Yu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27688046","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/03zj2rn70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27688046"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu, Qing","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering , Hunan Institute of Engineering , Xiangtan 411104 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering , Hunan Institute of Engineering , Xiangtan 411104 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27688046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157901225","display_name":"Ying Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27688046","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/03zj2rn70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27688046"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Ying","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering , Hunan Institute of Engineering , Xiangtan 411104 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering , Hunan Institute of Engineering , Xiangtan 411104 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27688046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012976476","display_name":"Cuilu Zhai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6058-7335","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6058-7335"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27688046","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/03zj2rn70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27688046"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhai, Cuilu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Maths and Physics , Hunan Institute of Engineering , Xiangtan 411104 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Maths and Physics , Hunan Institute of Engineering , Xiangtan 411104 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27688046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101523367","display_name":"Zhaohui Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1296-2114","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1296-2114"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121296143","display_name":"Hunan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02m9vrb24","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121296143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng, Zhao-Hui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and Advanced Sensor Materials , and Department of Physics , Hunan University of Science and Technology , Xiangtan 411201 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and Advanced Sensor Materials , and Department of Physics , Hunan University of Science and Technology , Xiangtan 411201 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121296143"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5155058462","display_name":"Wangjun Lu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27688046","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/03zj2rn70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27688046"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu, Wangjun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering , Hunan Institute of Engineering , Xiangtan 411104 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering , Hunan Institute of Engineering , Xiangtan 411104 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27688046"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11262","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Non-Hermitian Physics","score":0.46239998936653137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11262","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Non-Hermitian Physics","score":0.46239998936653137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11520","display_name":"Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics","score":0.33399999141693115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12612","display_name":"Strong Light-Matter Interactions","score":0.07349999994039536,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-batteries","display_name":"quantum batteries","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dicke-model","display_name":"Dicke model","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tavis-cummings-model","display_name":"Tavis-Cummings model","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pt-symmetry","display_name":"PT symmetry","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exceptional-points","display_name":"exceptional points","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counter-rotating-terms","display_name":"counter-rotating terms","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ergotropy","display_name":"ergotropy","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-storage","display_name":"energy storage","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrastrong-coupling","display_name":"ultrastrong coupling","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lindblad-dynamics","display_name":"Lindblad dynamics","score":0.7509999871253967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7085000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159317903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198","display_name":"Photon","level":2,"score":0.6047999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5418999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83581075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361503","display_name":"Excitation","level":2,"score":0.5123000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.49050000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69523127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4480008","display_name":"Ground state","level":2,"score":0.4706999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.41519999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3079626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234881","display_name":"Quantum electrodynamics","level":1,"score":0.4108000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.39340001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778439541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7106412","display_name":"Oscillation (cell signaling)","level":2,"score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3635999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122527463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578430","display_name":"Quantum decoherence","level":3,"score":0.35740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.3330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.31310001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.305400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121040770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215675","display_name":"Quantum entanglement","level":3,"score":0.29739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58312451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817200","display_name":"Atom (system on chip)","level":2,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135692309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111124","display_name":"Square (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.27970001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72190298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2118253","display_name":"Quantum phase transition","level":3,"score":0.27379998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780323453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113957","display_name":"Overshoot (microwave communication)","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68717125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735602","display_name":"Quantum optics","level":2,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779886137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21030012","display_name":"Symmetry (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.07921","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.07921","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.07921","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.07921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.07921","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.07921","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.07921","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.07921","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.07921","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1120951306","display_name":"\u6ce2\u5bfc\u6742\u5316\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76f8\u5e72\u6563\u5c04\u63a7\u5236\u4e0e\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u8c03\u63a7","funder_award_id":"2026JJ50513","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4245811741","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7cbe\u5bc6\u6d4b\u91cf\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"2026JJ50100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6933590072","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12205092","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220991547.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220991547.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416361281"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4407765522","https://openalex.org/W7128048137","https://openalex.org/W4390136452","https://openalex.org/W7166545235","https://openalex.org/W3178704326","https://openalex.org/W4391683499","https://openalex.org/W4313890823","https://openalex.org/W7223114497","https://openalex.org/W4400641214","https://openalex.org/W4361006922"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,108],"study":[1],"how":[2],"a":[3,36,101,111,114,236],"parity--time-symmetric":[4],"photonic":[5],"environment":[6],"changes":[7],"the":[8,20,24,29,32,40,45,49,61,72,76,80,83,96,118,130,135,139,144,149,154,168,180,197,210,214,220,229,241,252,255,265,280,288],"charging":[9,33],"of":[10,31,48,60,82,225,254,262],"Dicke":[11,50,97],"and":[12,85,148,165,186,194,200,204],"Tavis--Cummings":[13,74],"quantum":[14],"batteries.":[15],"For":[16],"atoms":[17],"prepared":[18],"in":[19,127,190,196,209],"collective":[21],"ground":[22],"state":[23],"excitation":[25,63],"number":[26,64],"grows":[27],"as":[28],"square":[30],"time,":[34],"with":[35,172],"coefficient":[37],"set":[38],"by":[39,100,122],"initial":[41],"mean":[42],"photon":[43,84],"number;":[44],"counter-rotating":[46,221],"terms":[47,98,222],"model":[51],"add":[52,234],"one":[53,156],"to":[54,90,113,272,284],"four":[55],"times":[56,79],"that":[57,179,244],"number.":[58],"Conservation":[59],"total":[62],"turns":[65],"this":[66,226],"into":[67],"an":[68,124],"exact":[69],"ceiling":[70],"on":[71,279],"stored":[73,191],"energy,":[75,192],"transition":[77,242],"energy":[78,260],"smaller":[81],"atom":[86],"numbers,":[87],"met":[88],"numerically":[89],"within":[91,228],"two":[92],"per":[93,103,188,206,274],"cent,":[94],"which":[95],"overshoot":[99],"few":[102],"cent":[104,189,207],"at":[105,138,239,287],"ultrastrong":[106],"coupling.":[107],"then":[109],"couple":[110],"battery":[112,126,151,182,216],"lossy--gain":[115],"pair,":[116],"keeping":[117],"parity--time":[119],"symmetry":[120],"intact":[121],"putting":[123],"identical":[125],"each":[128],"cavity;":[129],"closed":[131],"moment":[132],"system":[133],"puts":[134],"exceptional":[136,289],"point":[137],"loss":[140],"rate.":[141],"Below":[142],"it":[143,160],"gain":[145],"cavity":[146],"fills":[147],"gain-side":[150,181],"charges":[152],"while":[153],"lossy-side":[155,215],"stays":[157],"empty;":[158],"above":[159],"photons":[161],"are":[162],"shuttled":[163],"away":[164],"dissipated.":[166],"Solving":[167],"full":[169],"Lindblad":[170],"equation":[171],"batched":[173],"Monte--Carlo":[174],"wave":[175],"functions,":[176],"we":[177],"find":[178],"gains":[183],"thirty-nine,":[184],"twenty-six":[185],"twenty-eight":[187],"power":[193],"ergotropy":[195],"broken":[198,281],"phase":[199],"loses":[201],"sixty-five,":[202],"thirty-five":[203],"sixty-five":[205],"deep":[208],"unbroken":[211],"phase,":[212],"where":[213],"overtakes":[217],"it.":[218],"Restoring":[219],"leaves":[223],"all":[224],"unchanged":[227],"statistical":[230],"error;":[231],"what":[232],"they":[233],"is":[235,261],"reactive":[237],"oscillation":[238],"twice":[240],"frequency":[243],"does":[245],"no":[246],"net":[247],"work":[248],"but":[249,285],"nearly":[250],"doubles":[251],"peak":[253],"instantaneous":[256],"power.":[257],"The":[258,276],"extra":[259],"lower":[263],"quality,":[264],"recoverable":[266],"fraction":[267],"dropping":[268],"from":[269],"about":[270],"ninety-eight":[271],"ninety":[273],"cent.":[275],"optimum":[277],"sits":[278],"side,":[282],"close":[283],"not":[286],"point.":[290]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00"}
