{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220979782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.66026/xdrcaq10","title":"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a","display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220979782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.66026/xdrcaq10"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.66026/xdrcaq10","doi":"https://doi.org/10.66026/xdrcaq10","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.66026/xdrcaq10","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738112740","display_name":"Journal Of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies","issn_l":"2227-2895","issn":["2227-2895","2313-0059"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319176","host_organization_name":"University of Babylon","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319176"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Babylon"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal Of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.66026/xdrcaq10","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157959498","display_name":"\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184468904","display_name":"University of Qom","ror":"https://ror.org/03ddeer04","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184468904"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630: \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645/\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0645 /\u0642\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630: \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645/\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0645 /\u0642\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184468904"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157895252","display_name":"\u0639\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0640\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184468904","display_name":"University of Qom","ror":"https://ror.org/03ddeer04","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184468904"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0639\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0640\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 / \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645/ \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0645 /\u0642\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 / \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645/ \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0645 /\u0642\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184468904"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184468904"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80827457,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"10","first_page":"4317","last_page":"4350"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13376","display_name":"Criminal Law and Policy","score":0.5601000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13376","display_name":"Criminal Law and Policy","score":0.5601000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14288","display_name":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","score":0.2800000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14432","display_name":"Freedom of Expression and Defamation","score":0.12540000677108765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legislative-policy","display_name":"legislative policy","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminal-law","display_name":"criminal law","score":0.44600000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iraq","display_name":"Iraq","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/egypt","display_name":"Egypt","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparative-criminal-law","display_name":"comparative criminal law","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hate-speech","display_name":"hate speech","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrorism","display_name":"terrorism","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminal-liability","display_name":"criminal liability","score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/freedom-of-expression","display_name":"freedom of expression","score":0.9629999995231628}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.147599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1289999932050705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.12520000338554382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12240000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.12129999697208405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.11620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.11320000141859055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10930000245571136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133074676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428729","display_name":"Fusible alloy","level":2,"score":0.08720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.08389999717473984}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.66026/xdrcaq10","doi":"https://doi.org/10.66026/xdrcaq10","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.66026/xdrcaq10","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738112740","display_name":"Journal Of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies","issn_l":"2227-2895","issn":["2227-2895","2313-0059"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319176","host_organization_name":"University of Babylon","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319176"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Babylon"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal Of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.bcchj.uobabylon.edu.iq:article/4789","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://bcchj.uobabylon.edu.iq/index.php/index/article/view/4789","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738112740","display_name":"Journal Of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies","issn_l":"2227-2895","issn":["2227-2895","2313-0059"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319176","host_organization_name":"University of Babylon","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319176"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Babylon"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.66026/be3ysm29","raw_type":"\u0645\u0624\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0645"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.66026/xdrcaq10","doi":"https://doi.org/10.66026/xdrcaq10","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.66026/xdrcaq10","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738112740","display_name":"Journal Of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies","issn_l":"2227-2895","issn":["2227-2895","2313-0059"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319176","host_organization_name":"University of Babylon","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319176"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Babylon"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal Of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4415556747","https://openalex.org/W4392974678","https://openalex.org/W4365147548","https://openalex.org/W7204179383","https://openalex.org/W4388612696","https://openalex.org/W4415553509","https://openalex.org/W7221478987","https://openalex.org/W7220498542","https://openalex.org/W7216753143","https://openalex.org/W4407886020"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a":[0],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629":[1,25,65,87],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[2,29,43,77],"\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629":[3],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629":[4],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629":[5],"\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629":[6],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644":[7],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645\u0629":[8],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0636":[9],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633":[10],"\u0628\u0623\u0645\u0646":[11],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629":[12],"\u0641\u064a":[13,17,26,33,73,83],"\u0643\u0644":[14,34],"\u0645\u0646":[15,35],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a":[16],"\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0647":[18],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642":[19],"\u0648\u0641\u064a":[20],"\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629":[21],"\u0645\u0635\u0631.":[22],"\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u062d":[23],"\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629":[24],"\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621":[27],"\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621":[28],"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629":[30],"\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642":[31],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639":[32],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646":[36,75],"\u0628\u064a\u0646":[37,97],"\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628":[38],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644":[39],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a":[40],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642":[41],"\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0642":[42],"\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628":[44],"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629":[45],"\u0648\u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629":[46],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0646\u0629":[47],"\u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a":[48],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628":[49],"\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646":[50],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645":[51],"\u0628\u0635\u0648\u0646":[52],"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629":[53],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629":[54],"\u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a":[55],"\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629":[56],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631":[57],"\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062c":[58],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b":[59],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c":[60],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a":[61],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a":[62],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646":[63],"\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a":[64],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[66],"\u0639\u062f\u0629":[67],"\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c":[68],"\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646":[69],"\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627":[70],"\u0623\u0646":[71],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646":[72],"\u0643\u0644\u0627":[74],"\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0627":[76],"\u0646\u0647\u062c":[78],"\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629":[79],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0636":[80],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644":[81],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a":[82],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645":[84],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629":[85],"\u0648\u0623\u0648\u0635\u0649":[86],"\u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0647":[88],"\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645":[89],"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631":[90],"\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637":[91],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a":[92],"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a":[93],"\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643":[94],"\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645":[95],"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637":[96],"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a":[98],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639":[99],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a":[100],"\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631":[101],"\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-26T11:51:55.731654","created_date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00"}