{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220946702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364845","title":"Excessive Internet Use among Finnish Adolescents \u2013 Prevalence in 2017\u20132023 and Associations with Well-being","display_name":"Excessive Internet Use among Finnish Adolescents \u2013 Prevalence in 2017\u20132023 and Associations with Well-being","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220946702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364845"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.06.26364845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364845","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364845","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/10/07/2026.10.06.26364845.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/10/07/2026.10.06.26364845.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052378358","display_name":"Olli H. Kiviruusu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4864-8378","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4864-8378"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39624965","display_name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare","ror":"https://ror.org/03tf0c761","country_code":"FI","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39624965"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Olli Kiviruusu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mental Health Team, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4864-8378","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mental Health Team, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39624965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071019543","display_name":"Silja K. Kosola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2881-8299","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2881-8299"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800394112","display_name":"Helsinki University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800394112","https://openalex.org/I4210166427"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silja Kosola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","Research, Development and Innovations, Western Uusimaa Wellbeing Services County, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2881-8299","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I2800394112"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research, Development and Innovations, Western Uusimaa Wellbeing Services County, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024786739","display_name":"E. Juulia Paavonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1421-9877","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1421-9877"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39624965","display_name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare","ror":"https://ror.org/03tf0c761","country_code":"FI","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39624965"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Juulia Paavonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mental Health Team, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1421-9877","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mental Health Team, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39624965"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052378358"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39624965"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12060","display_name":"Child Development and Digital Technology","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12335","display_name":"Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/excessive-internet-use","display_name":"excessive internet use","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adolescents","display_name":"adolescents","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevalence-trends","display_name":"prevalence trends","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-addiction","display_name":"behavioral addiction","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depressive-symptoms","display_name":"depressive symptoms","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalized-anxiety-disorder","display_name":"generalized anxiety disorder","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-anxiety","display_name":"social anxiety","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-disturbance","display_name":"sleep disorders","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-function","display_name":"cognitive function","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concentration-problems","display_name":"concentration difficulties","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finland","display_name":"Finland","score":0.46700000762939453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.7378000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.6450999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48856860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12029","display_name":"Addiction","level":2,"score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.5773000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.49709999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.45239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98147612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215599","display_name":"Promotion (chess)","level":3,"score":0.43369999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.4334000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4327999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4196000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4146000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.41339999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.3296000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778799817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4681134","display_name":"Addictive behavior","level":3,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019858935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4340209","display_name":"Depressive symptoms","level":3,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185711340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5347381","display_name":"Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance","level":3,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.2540999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83849155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472399","display_name":"Internet access","level":3,"score":0.25270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.06.26364845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364845","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364845","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/10/07/2026.10.06.26364845.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.06.26364845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364845","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.06.26364845","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/10/07/2026.10.06.26364845.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220946702.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220946702.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967583124","https://openalex.org/W1968380849","https://openalex.org/W1975970108","https://openalex.org/W2022991558","https://openalex.org/W2043705607","https://openalex.org/W2109898199","https://openalex.org/W2115572782","https://openalex.org/W2141235716","https://openalex.org/W2338587503","https://openalex.org/W2530358506","https://openalex.org/W2807101733","https://openalex.org/W2808714379","https://openalex.org/W2926589548","https://openalex.org/W2944285188","https://openalex.org/W2998834126","https://openalex.org/W2999217075","https://openalex.org/W3006120578","https://openalex.org/W3041803978","https://openalex.org/W3080364022","https://openalex.org/W3158575786","https://openalex.org/W4200535482","https://openalex.org/W4211244002","https://openalex.org/W4237567189","https://openalex.org/W4280582124","https://openalex.org/W4291914097","https://openalex.org/W4310465999","https://openalex.org/W4313397896","https://openalex.org/W4318340624","https://openalex.org/W4323569726","https://openalex.org/W4366597069","https://openalex.org/W4377107387","https://openalex.org/W4381137119","https://openalex.org/W4381326182","https://openalex.org/W4387770833","https://openalex.org/W4389256029","https://openalex.org/W4390116644","https://openalex.org/W4391648985","https://openalex.org/W4396915316","https://openalex.org/W4398161853","https://openalex.org/W4400493678","https://openalex.org/W4401528161","https://openalex.org/W4407946573","https://openalex.org/W4411413467","https://openalex.org/W4413848495"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2346929222","https://openalex.org/W1561031203","https://openalex.org/W2063731028","https://openalex.org/W2023325405","https://openalex.org/W2130715100","https://openalex.org/W7009872499","https://openalex.org/W2039130371","https://openalex.org/W7101447869","https://openalex.org/W2937579361","https://openalex.org/W4399670093"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Objective":[1],"This":[2],"study":[3],"aimed":[4],"at":[5],"analyzing":[6],"changes":[7],"in":[8,45,49,61,93,143,148,179,182,188,197,201,204],"the":[9,35,69,115,135,154],"prevalence":[10,116,209],"of":[11,57,117,210,223],"excessive":[12,118,211,224],"internet":[13,64,119,163,212,225],"use":[14,65,120,164,213,226],"and":[15,22,84,107,146,159,172,185,193,195,231],"to":[16,113],"analyze":[17],"its":[18],"associations":[19,222],"with":[20,54,68,89,98,104,134,166,186,227],"mental":[21,228],"cognitive":[23,94,232],"health":[24,229],"problems":[25],"among":[26,123,132,152,219],"adolescents.":[27],"Method":[28],"We":[29],"used":[30],"repeated":[31],"cross-sectional":[32],"data":[33],"from":[34],"School":[36],"Health":[37],"Promotion":[38],"study,":[39],"a":[40,55],"population-based":[41],"nationwide":[42],"classroom":[43],"survey":[44],"Finland.":[46],"All":[47],"adolescents":[48],"grades":[50,144,149],"8\u201311":[51],"were":[52,87,96,102,157,234],"invited,":[53],"total":[56],"602":[58],"226":[59],"responses":[60],"2017\u20132023.":[62],"Excessive":[63,71,162],"was":[66,128],"measured":[67,88],"five-item":[70],"Internet":[72],"Use":[73],"Scale":[74],"covering":[75],"core":[76],"behavioral":[77],"addiction":[78],"symptoms.":[79],"Depressive":[80],"symptoms,":[81],"generalized":[82,170],"anxiety,":[83,171],"social":[85,173],"anxiety":[86,174],"validated":[90],"questionnaires.":[91],"Problems":[92],"functioning":[95],"assessed":[97],"one-item":[99],"indicators.":[100],"Analyses":[101],"done":[103],"Chi-square":[105],"tests":[106],"logistic":[108],"regression.":[109],"Results":[110],"From":[111],"2017":[112],"2023,":[114],"increased,":[121],"especially":[122,218],"girls.":[124,220],"The":[125,208,221],"increasing":[126,216],"trend":[127],"significantly":[129],"(p<0.001)":[130],"steeper":[131],"girls,":[133],"OR":[136],"for":[137],"time":[138],"(in":[139],"years)":[140],"being":[141],"1.12":[142],"8\u20139":[145],"1.14":[147],"10\u201311,":[150],"while":[151],"boys":[153],"corresponding":[155],"ORs":[156],"1.00":[158],"1.04,":[160],"respectively.":[161],"associated":[165],"short":[167],"sleep,":[168],"depressive,":[169],"symptoms":[175,230],"(ORs":[176,199],"between":[177],"1.73\u20132.42":[178],"boys;":[180,202],"1.92\u20132.26":[181],"girls;":[183,205],"p<0.001)":[184],"difficulties":[187,196],"tasks":[189],"requiring":[190],"reading,":[191],"writing,":[192],"mathematics,":[194],"concentrating":[198],"1.84\u20132.31":[200],"1.83\u20131.98":[203],"p<0.001).":[206],"Conclusion":[207],"showed":[214],"an":[215],"trend,":[217],"challenges":[233],"clear.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00"}
