{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220924998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.08099","title":"Regular black holes do not violate the first law of thermodynamics","display_name":"Regular black holes do not violate the first law of thermodynamics","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220924998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.08099"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.08099","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.08099","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.08099","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.08099","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060307544","display_name":"Bobir Toshmatov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7853-186X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7853-186X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103575","display_name":"Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01avs2k90","country_code":"UZ","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302269238","https://openalex.org/I4210103575","https://openalex.org/I4405266844"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155254","display_name":"New Uzbekistan University","ror":"https://ror.org/035v3tr79","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155254"]}],"countries":["UZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toshmatov, Bobir","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Uzbekistan University , Movarounnahr street 1 , Tashkent 100000 , Uzbekistan","Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute , Astronomy street 33 , Tashkent 100052 , Uzbekistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Uzbekistan University , Movarounnahr street 1 , Tashkent 100000 , Uzbekistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute , Astronomy street 33 , Tashkent 100052 , Uzbekistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036692902","display_name":"Bobomurat J. Ahmedov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1232-610X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1232-610X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47151758","display_name":"National University of Uzbekistan","ror":"https://ror.org/011647w73","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47151758"]}],"countries":["CN","UZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmedov, Bobomurat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Theoretical Physics , National University of Uzbekistan , Tashkent 100174 , Uzbekistan","School of Physics , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001 , People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Theoretical Physics , National University of Uzbekistan , Tashkent 100174 , Uzbekistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47151758"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001 , People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152876876","display_name":"Nozima Isamadinova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1062-8109","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1062-8109"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155254","display_name":"New Uzbekistan University","ror":"https://ror.org/035v3tr79","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155254"]}],"countries":["UZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isamadinova, Nozima","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Uzbekistan University , Movarounnahr street 1 , Tashkent 100000 , Uzbekistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Uzbekistan University , Movarounnahr street 1 , Tashkent 100000 , Uzbekistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155254"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157927615","display_name":"Chengxun Yuan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan, Chengxun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10744","display_name":"Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-black-holes","display_name":"regular black holes","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-law-of-thermodynamics","display_name":"first law of thermodynamics","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-electrodynamics","display_name":"nonlinear electrodynamics","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bardeen-black-hole","display_name":"Bardeen black hole","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hayward-black-hole","display_name":"Hayward black hole","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-hole-thermodynamics","display_name":"black hole thermodynamics","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hawking-temperature","display_name":"Hawking temperature","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legendre-transform","display_name":"Legendre transform","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/near-extremal-black-holes","display_name":"near-extremal black holes","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-dimensional-black-holes","display_name":"higher-dimensional black holes","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamiltonian-density","display_name":"Hamiltonian density","score":0.5389999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63745668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911284","display_name":"Black hole thermodynamics","level":3,"score":0.5615000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994438922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q784262","display_name":"First law","level":2,"score":0.5203999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5002999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50341732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q880302","display_name":"Black hole (networking)","level":5,"score":0.47760000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147452769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11452","display_name":"General relativity","level":2,"score":0.4724000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40745267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q497396","display_name":"Hawking radiation","level":3,"score":0.4424000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130187892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133327","display_name":"Spacetime","level":2,"score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.34139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130787639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5645293","display_name":"Hamiltonian (control theory)","level":2,"score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.325300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144951741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131468","display_name":"White hole","level":3,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171364823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511048","display_name":"Fuzzball","level":5,"score":0.30320000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.3018999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119820323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177045","display_name":"Second law of thermodynamics","level":2,"score":0.2994000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17777063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4780925","display_name":"Apparent horizon","level":4,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104062141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601295","display_name":"Extremal black hole","level":3,"score":0.2896000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41261874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3855712","display_name":"Intrinsic metric","level":4,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.2754000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188655511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q609501","display_name":"Micro black hole","level":4,"score":0.27140000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159176650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43261","display_name":"Horizon","level":2,"score":0.26440000534057617}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.08099","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.08099","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.08099","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.08099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.08099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.08099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.08099","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.08099","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.08099","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1041728027","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2541210","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220924998.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220924998.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6948487487","https://openalex.org/W1985676482","https://openalex.org/W4385462096","https://openalex.org/W2760695983","https://openalex.org/W4392112031","https://openalex.org/W3111272007","https://openalex.org/W7163914229","https://openalex.org/W2056566035","https://openalex.org/W3035696269","https://openalex.org/W4411512835"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Regular":[0],"black":[1,69],"holes":[2,70],"in":[3,18,71,83,147,273],"general":[4,151,212],"relativity":[5],"coupled":[6],"to":[7,13,48,77,201],"nonlinear":[8,155],"electrodynamics":[9],"have":[10],"been":[11],"reported":[12],"exhibit":[14],"an":[15,63,215],"apparent":[16],"mismatch":[17],"their":[19],"thermodynamics:":[20],"the":[21,26,29,36,44,78,113,125,129,137,140,144,150,162,167,180,187,195,202,205,208,230,239,252,256,268],"temperature":[22,38],"obtained":[23],"by":[24,39],"differentiating":[25],"mass":[27,163,206,218],"along":[28,166],"family":[30,66,107,170],"of":[31,67,108,111,133,182,197,204,241,270],"regular":[32,68,114,168,217],"metrics":[33,75,115],"differs":[34],"from":[35],"Hawking":[37,138],"a":[40,50,54,91,105,117,175,226,242,263],"factor":[41,158],"$\u039e$,":[42],"and":[43,80,98,143,184,220,258],"first":[45,131,152],"law":[46,132,153],"seems":[47],"need":[49],"modified":[51],"entropy":[52,142],"or":[53],"corrected":[55],"internal":[56],"energy.":[57],"We":[58,120,190,247],"examine":[59],"this":[60,198,235],"question":[61],"for":[62,154,214],"electrically":[64],"charged":[65],"$D\\geq4$":[72],"dimensions":[73],"whose":[74],"reduce":[76],"Bardeen":[79],"Hayward":[81],"geometries":[82],"four":[84],"dimensions.":[85],"The":[86,157],"source":[87],"is":[88,164,194,224],"written":[89],"as":[90],"Hamiltonian":[92],"density":[93],"$H(P)$":[94],"with":[95,136,149],"fixed":[96,172],"couplings":[97],"no":[99],"solution":[100,127],"parameters.":[101],"This":[102],"theory":[103],"has":[104],"two-parameter":[106,231],"static":[109],"solutions,":[110],"which":[112],"form":[116,213],"one-parameter":[118],"subfamily.":[119],"prove":[121],"analytically":[122],"that":[123,177,192,222,251,265],"on":[124,229],"whole":[126],"space":[128,181],"standard":[130],"thermodynamics":[134],"holds":[135],"temperature,":[139],"area":[141],"horizon":[145,269],"potential,":[146],"agreement":[148],"electrodynamics.":[156],"$\u039e$":[159],"appears":[160],"when":[161],"differentiated":[165],"metric":[169,232],"at":[171,262],"length":[173],"parameter,":[174],"variation":[176],"moves":[178],"through":[179],"theories":[183],"also":[185,248],"changes":[186],"conserved":[188],"charge.":[189],"show":[191,221],"$\u039e^{-1}$":[193],"Jacobian":[196],"projection,":[199],"equal":[200],"fraction":[203],"inside":[207],"horizon,":[209],"give":[210],"its":[211],"arbitrary":[216],"function,":[219],"$\u039e^{-1}dM_{ADM}$":[223],"not":[225],"closed":[227],"one-form":[228],"family,":[233],"so":[234],"correction":[236],"cannot":[237],"be":[238],"differential":[240],"local":[243],"state":[244],"function":[245],"there.":[246],"point":[249],"out":[250],"Legendre":[253],"map":[254],"between":[255],"$F$":[257],"$P$":[259],"frames":[260],"degenerates":[261],"radius":[264],"lies":[266],"outside":[267],"near-extremal":[271],"solutions":[272],"$D\\geq5$.":[274]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00"}
