{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220924856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932","title":"Amomum tsao-ko volatile oil alleviates renal fibrosis in 5/6 nephrectomy rats through TGF-\u03b21/SMAD3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways","display_name":"Amomum tsao-ko volatile oil alleviates renal fibrosis in 5/6 nephrectomy rats through TGF-\u03b21/SMAD3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220924856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42922843","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13686921"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132108250","display_name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","issn_l":"1663-9812","issn":["1663-9812"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087855494","display_name":"Huanyue Cui","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102208913","display_name":"Shihezi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04x0kvm78","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huanyue Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025864872","display_name":"\u65bd\u7f8e\u5982","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102208913","display_name":"Shihezi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04x0kvm78","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meiru Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103212222","display_name":"XU Qing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0395-0557","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0395-0557"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102208913","display_name":"Shihezi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04x0kvm78","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157986445","display_name":"Shangwen Zhou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102208913","display_name":"Shihezi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04x0kvm78","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shangwen Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157936377","display_name":"Xin Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102208913","display_name":"Shihezi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04x0kvm78","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5141093701","display_name":"Hangyu Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102208913","display_name":"Shihezi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04x0kvm78","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hangyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037557702","display_name":"Dahong Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4544-752X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4544-752X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dahong Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Technology University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Technology University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157946238","display_name":"Ke Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102208913","display_name":"Shihezi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04x0kvm78","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ke Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157893036","display_name":"Pinghua Sun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102208913","display_name":"Shihezi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04x0kvm78","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159948400","display_name":"Jinan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xe5ns62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159948400"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146271","display_name":"Jinan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bgbsx11","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146271"]}],"countries":["CN","LB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pinghua Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization, Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University","School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization, Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159948400","https://openalex.org/I4210146271"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157927939","display_name":"Jinhui Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102208913","display_name":"Shihezi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04x0kvm78","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156144747","display_name":"Harbin Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jscf583","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126292","display_name":"Xinjiang Academy of Forestry","ror":"https://ror.org/03n9xd583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126292"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinhui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University","School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University","Xinjiang Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forest Resources and Utilization in Xinjiang of National Forestry and Grassland Administration","Xishuangbanna Dai Medicine Research Institute Co., Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Institute for Safflower Industry Research/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xinjiang Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forest Resources and Utilization in Xinjiang of National Forestry and Grassland Administration","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126292"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xishuangbanna Dai Medicine Research Institute Co., Ltd","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5157893036","https://openalex.org/A5157927939","https://openalex.org/A5157946238"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913","https://openalex.org/I156144747","https://openalex.org/I159948400","https://openalex.org/I4210126292","https://openalex.org/I4210146271"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76829704,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"1819932","last_page":"1819932"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":0.8901000022888184,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":0.8901000022888184,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11501","display_name":"TGF-\u03b2 signaling in diseases","score":0.04170000180602074,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11709","display_name":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis","score":0.022299999371170998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amomum-tsao-ko","display_name":"Amomum tsao-ko","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/essential-oils","display_name":"essential oils","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renal-fibrosis","display_name":"renal fibrosis","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/5-6-nephrectomy","display_name":"5/6 nephrectomy","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tgf-beta1-smad3-signaling-pathway","display_name":"TGF-\u03b21/Smad3 signaling","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pi3k-akt-signaling","display_name":"PI3K/Akt signaling","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-kidney-injury","display_name":"chronic kidney injury","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mmp-9","display_name":"MMP-9","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timp-1","display_name":"TIMP-1","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kidney-transcriptome","display_name":"kidney transcriptome","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammatory-cell-infiltration","display_name":"inflammatory cell infiltration","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traditional-chinese-medicine","display_name":"traditional Chinese medicine","score":0.5210000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renal-protection","display_name":"renal protection","score":0.3070000112056732}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780091579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377","display_name":"Kidney","level":2,"score":0.7258999943733215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780227381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357376","display_name":"Nephrectomy","level":3,"score":0.6047999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5645999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780559512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q605709","display_name":"Fibrosis","level":2,"score":0.5591999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780306776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426660","display_name":"Creatinine","level":2,"score":0.5164999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.5116000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778176769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764079","display_name":"Blood urea nitrogen","level":3,"score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776415932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48743","display_name":"Western blot","level":3,"score":0.4253000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162317418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252857","display_name":"Transcriptome","level":4,"score":0.38760000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778653478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718","display_name":"Kidney disease","level":2,"score":0.3718999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424337","display_name":"Acute kidney injury","level":2,"score":0.36579999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779547328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584691","display_name":"Diuresis","level":3,"score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.33629998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159641895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108377937","display_name":"Renal function","level":2,"score":0.3327000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62478195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828130","display_name":"Signal transduction","level":2,"score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.30809998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.30720001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132108250","display_name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","issn_l":"1663-9812","issn":["1663-9812"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13686921","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13686921/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13686921/pdf/fphar-17-1819932.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Pharmacol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42922843","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42922843","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in pharmacology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e40b6da738154c5c94ed2ebf94c9a564","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e40b6da738154c5c94ed2ebf94c9a564","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology, Vol 17 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2026.1819932/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132108250","display_name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","issn_l":"1663-9812","issn":["1663-9812"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3155523725","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018ZX09735005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220924856.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220924856.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1507093191","https://openalex.org/W2941772007","https://openalex.org/W3083913045","https://openalex.org/W3117437033","https://openalex.org/W3119535812","https://openalex.org/W3196875131","https://openalex.org/W3200852171","https://openalex.org/W4220653278","https://openalex.org/W4226395521","https://openalex.org/W4307262315","https://openalex.org/W4376619369","https://openalex.org/W4386713468","https://openalex.org/W4391318198","https://openalex.org/W4395678288","https://openalex.org/W4399164792","https://openalex.org/W4401070509","https://openalex.org/W4401252206","https://openalex.org/W4405953676","https://openalex.org/W4406686184","https://openalex.org/W4406958303","https://openalex.org/W4408972737","https://openalex.org/W4409972105","https://openalex.org/W4409978595","https://openalex.org/W4410215534","https://openalex.org/W4410457555","https://openalex.org/W4410929714","https://openalex.org/W4411036670","https://openalex.org/W4411115582","https://openalex.org/W4411194482","https://openalex.org/W4411509809","https://openalex.org/W4411612803","https://openalex.org/W4411625501","https://openalex.org/W4414578775","https://openalex.org/W4415215354","https://openalex.org/W4416016244","https://openalex.org/W7128682167","https://openalex.org/W7133840981","https://openalex.org/W7134914872"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2803246670","https://openalex.org/W4404938476","https://openalex.org/W2895911020","https://openalex.org/W2891629413","https://openalex.org/W3013307514","https://openalex.org/W4229020865","https://openalex.org/W2969756650","https://openalex.org/W2889050155","https://openalex.org/W4296821964","https://openalex.org/W3025671577"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0],"Renal":[1],"fibrosis":[2,93,112],"is":[3,27],"the":[4,48,79,133,161,180,184,195,209,229,232,246,253,272,297,304,319,326,335,353,385,397,402,417],"main":[5,54,181],"cause":[6],"of":[7,15,24,81,94,121,130,135,142,149,163,183,198,211,248,278,292,306,328,355,362,372,387,420],"many":[8,16],"kidney":[9,18,64,151,175],"diseases":[10],"and":[11,39,57,61,73,87,137,158,188,221,250,261,286,288,315,325,352,357,377,384,406],"a":[12,275,289],"common":[13],"outcome":[14],"chronic":[17,174],"diseases.":[19],"The":[20,109,146,169,360,370],"dried":[21],"mature":[22],"fruit":[23],"Amomum":[25,41],"tsao-ko":[26,42],"widely":[28],"used":[29,192,206],"to":[30,173,193,207],"treat":[31],"various":[32],"diseases,":[33],"including":[34],"those":[35],"characterized":[36],"by":[37,116,125,400],"diuresis":[38],"detumescence.":[40],"volatile":[43],"oil":[44],"(AO)":[45],"may":[46],"be":[47],"active":[49],"ingredient":[50],"responsible":[51],"for":[52,155],"its":[53,58],"pharmacological":[55],"action,":[56],"protective":[59],"effect":[60],"mechanism":[62,80],"in":[63,91,140,166,201,223,244,252,296,318,346,365,410],"injury":[65,176],"models":[66],"are":[67],"unclear.":[68],"Therefore,":[69],"based":[70],"on":[71],"transcriptomics":[72,156],"animal":[74],"experiments,":[75],"this":[76],"study":[77],"discusses":[78],"AO":[82,122,393],"through":[83],"TGF\u2011":[84],"\u03b2":[85,218,313,379,404],"1/SMAD3":[86,405],"PI3K/AKT":[88,407],"signaling":[89,408],"pathways":[90,409],"renal":[92,111,199,224,279,366,421],"5/6":[95,117,265,320,336,411],"nephrectomy":[96],"rats.":[97,202],"Methods":[98],"Seventy-two":[99],"healthy":[100],"SD":[101],"rats":[102,143],"were":[103,123,144,177,191,238,256,283,340],"randomly":[104],"divided":[105],"into":[106],"6":[107],"groups.":[108],"rat":[110,150],"model":[113,254],"was":[114,153,205,368,381,389],"established":[115],"nephrectomy.":[118],"Different":[119],"doses":[120],"given":[124],"gavage.":[126],"After":[127],"28":[128],"days":[129],"continuous":[131],"administration,":[132],"levels":[134,247,354],"creatinine":[136],"urea":[138],"nitrogen":[139],"serum":[141],"detected.":[145],"total":[147],"RNA":[148],"tissue":[152,200,367],"extracted":[154],"determination":[157],"analysis":[159],"showed":[160,235,302],"expression":[162,210,305,327,347,371,386],"differential":[164],"genes":[165,240,342],"each":[167],"group.":[168],"core":[170],"targets":[171],"related":[172],"docked":[178],"with":[179,228,241,334,343,350],"components":[182],"AO.":[185],"HE,":[186,259],"PAS":[187,260],"Masson":[189,262],"staining":[190],"observe":[194],"pathological":[196,418],"morphology":[197],"Western":[203,299],"Blot":[204,300],"detect":[208],"p-PI3K,":[212],"PI3K,":[213,373],"AKT,":[214,309,374],"p-AKT,":[215],"SMAD3,":[216,311],"TGF-":[217,312,378,403],"1,":[219],"MMP-9":[220,329,388],"TIMP-1":[222],"tissue.":[225,422],"Results":[226],"Compared":[227,333],"Sham":[230],"group,":[231,338],"transcriptome":[233],"results":[234,301],"that":[236,264,303],"there":[237,339],"823":[239],"significant":[242,344],"differences":[243,345],"expression;":[245],"SCr":[249,356],"BUN":[251,358],"group":[255,322],"significantly":[257,382,390],"increased.":[258,391],"found":[263],"Nx":[266,321,337,412],"could":[267],"develop":[268],"interstitial":[269],"fibrosis.":[270],"At":[271],"same":[273],"time,":[274],"large":[276,290],"number":[277,291],"tubular":[280],"epithelial":[281],"cells":[282,294,364],"atrophied,":[284],"deformed":[285],"exfoliated,":[287],"inflammatory":[293,363],"infiltrated":[295],"interstitium.":[298],"PI3":[307],"K,":[308],"TIMP-1,":[310,375],"1":[314,380],"other":[316],"proteins":[317],"increased":[323],"significantly,":[324],"protein":[330],"decreased":[331],"significantly.":[332],"1,009":[341],"after":[348],"treatment":[349],"AO,":[351],"decreased.":[359],"infiltration":[361],"improved.":[369],"SMAD3":[376],"decreased,":[383],"Conclusion":[392],"can":[394],"further":[395],"inhibit":[396],"phosphorylation":[398],"level":[399],"inhibiting":[401],"rats,":[413],"thus":[414],"effectively":[415],"improving":[416],"damage":[419]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00"}
