{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220865960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/trp.trp_43_26","title":"THE VIRILIZED INFANT WHO WASN\u2019T, A CASE SERIES OF APPARENT CLITOROMEGALY IN CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM","display_name":"THE VIRILIZED INFANT WHO WASN\u2019T, A CASE SERIES OF APPARENT CLITOROMEGALY IN CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220865960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/trp.trp_43_26"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/trp.trp_43_26","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/trp.trp_43_26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/trp.trp_43_26","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764746808","display_name":"Thyroid Research and Practice","issn_l":"0973-0354","issn":["0973-0354","2250-1452"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Thyroid Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-abstract","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/trp.trp_43_26","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157838878","display_name":"Shah Nawaz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145302","display_name":"St.John's Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04z7fc725","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129261","https://openalex.org/I4210145302"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shah Nawaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Endocrinology, St John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology, St John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145302"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103891254","display_name":"Aishhwarrya Umeshchandara G.","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145302","display_name":"St.John's Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04z7fc725","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129261","https://openalex.org/I4210145302"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aishhwarrya Umeshchandara Gurugunti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Endocrinology, St John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology, St John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145302"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049789523","display_name":"Ganapathi Bantwal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4343-1719","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4343-1719"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145302","display_name":"St.John's Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04z7fc725","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129261","https://openalex.org/I4210145302"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ganapathi Bantwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Endocrinology, St John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology, St John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145302"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105926340","display_name":"Vageesh S Ayyar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0548-2956","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0548-2956"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145302","display_name":"St.John's Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04z7fc725","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129261","https://openalex.org/I4210145302"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vageesh Ayyar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Endocrinology, St John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology, St John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145302"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078148999","display_name":"Belinda George","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3492-8347","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3492-8347"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145302","display_name":"St.John's Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04z7fc725","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129261","https://openalex.org/I4210145302"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Belinda George","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Endocrinology, St John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology, St John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145302"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089899328","display_name":"Sonali Appaiah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145302","display_name":"St.John's Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04z7fc725","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129261","https://openalex.org/I4210145302"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sonali Appaiah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Endocrinology, St John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology, St John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145302"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102753450","display_name":"Vinay Prasad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1407-3043","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1407-3043"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145302","display_name":"St.John's Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04z7fc725","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129261","https://openalex.org/I4210145302"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinay Prasad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Endocrinology, St John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology, St John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145302"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145302"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"Suppl 1","first_page":"S9","last_page":"S9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10293","display_name":"Thyroid Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10293","display_name":"Thyroid Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11956","display_name":"Sexual Differentiation and Disorders","score":0.007199999876320362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12421","display_name":"Adrenal Hormones and Disorders","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congenital-hypothyroidism","display_name":"congenital hypothyroidism","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clitoromegaly","display_name":"clitoromegaly","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/masculinization","display_name":"masculinization","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/levothyroxine","display_name":"levothyroxine","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thyroid-scintigraphy","display_name":"thyroid scintigraphy","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ectopic-lingual-thyroid","display_name":"ectopic lingual thyroid","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevated-tsh","display_name":"TSH elevation","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/newborn-screening","display_name":"newborn screening","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/failure-to-thrive","display_name":"failure to thrive","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypoglycemia","display_name":"hypoglycemia","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thyroid-dyshormonogenesis","display_name":"dyshormonogenesis","score":0.7400000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9506000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779258352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531012","display_name":"Congenital hypothyroidism","level":3,"score":0.7871999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775883008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q773449","display_name":"Levothyroxine","level":3,"score":0.5224999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.5138999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776917539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1497481","display_name":"Failure to thrive","level":2,"score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526584372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16399","display_name":"Thyroid","level":2,"score":0.387800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527108885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835153","display_name":"Physical examination","level":2,"score":0.34880000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131872663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5284418","display_name":"Obstetrics","level":1,"score":0.33980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020442864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1097630","display_name":"Ambiguous genitalia","level":2,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46973012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28627","display_name":"Gestation","level":3,"score":0.3280999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779902710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130465","display_name":"Scintigraphy","level":2,"score":0.302700012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781332025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5508153","display_name":"Full Term","level":3,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778376644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2253111","display_name":"Gestational age","level":3,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4128476","display_name":"Birth weight","level":3,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779632786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q920297","display_name":"Cord","level":2,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776211905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13604278","display_name":"Pediatric endocrinology","level":2,"score":0.2508000135421753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/trp.trp_43_26","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/trp.trp_43_26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/trp.trp_43_26","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764746808","display_name":"Thyroid Research and Practice","issn_l":"0973-0354","issn":["0973-0354","2250-1452"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Thyroid Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0073e93e0faa43adbb29379e47992191","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0073e93e0faa43adbb29379e47992191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Thyroid Research & Practice, Vol 22, Iss Suppl 1, Pp S9-S9 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/trp.trp_43_26","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/trp.trp_43_26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/trp.trp_43_26","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764746808","display_name":"Thyroid Research and Practice","issn_l":"0973-0354","issn":["0973-0354","2250-1452"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Thyroid Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387328286","https://openalex.org/W2017165129","https://openalex.org/W4211165921","https://openalex.org/W1811777319","https://openalex.org/W118312194","https://openalex.org/W2119973319","https://openalex.org/W2955652302","https://openalex.org/W2046878623","https://openalex.org/W7098135636","https://openalex.org/W2417544834"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Congenital":[1],"hypothyroidism":[2],"(CH)":[3],"is":[4,14,27],"among":[5],"the":[6,234,288],"commonest":[7],"preventable":[8],"causes":[9],"of":[10,25,72,79,90,109,228,246,290],"intellectual":[11],"disability":[12],"and":[13,30,83,96,114,149,157,210,237,240,283,286],"typically":[15],"identified":[16],"through":[17,264],"newborn":[18,292],"screening.":[19,294],"Clitoromegaly":[20,250],"as":[21],"a":[22,34,69,80,158],"presenting":[23,47],"feature":[24],"CH":[26,46,252],"exceedingly":[28],"rare":[29],"often":[31],"mistaken":[32],"for":[33],"virilizing":[35],"disorder":[36],"warranting":[37],"extensive":[38],"endocrine":[39],"workup.":[40],"We":[41],"describe":[42],"two":[43],"infants":[44,220],"with":[45,48,54,68,92,145,181,205,225],"apparent":[49],"clitoromegaly":[50,126,229],"that":[51],"resolved":[52],"completely":[53],"levothyroxine":[55],"replacement.":[56],"Case":[57],"Report:":[58],"The":[59,98,172],"first":[60,235],"infant":[61,174],"was":[62,106,115,155,162,175],"born":[63],"at":[64,85],"39":[65],"weeks":[66],"gestation":[67],"birth":[70,77],"weight":[71],"2.8":[73],"kg,":[74],"third":[75],"in":[76,233,251],"order":[78],"non-consanguineous":[81],"marriage,":[82],"presented":[84],"2":[86],"months":[87,245],"20":[88],"days":[89],"age":[91],"failure":[93],"to":[94,118,121],"thrive":[95],"lethargy.":[97],"child":[99],"also":[100],"had":[101],"hypoglycemia,":[102],"which":[103],"on":[104,223,259],"workup":[105,282],"not":[107],"suggestive":[108],"hyperinsulinemia":[110],"or":[111,137,197,261,268],"ketotic":[112],"causes,":[113],"therefore":[116],"suspected":[117],"be":[119],"due":[120],"hypothyroidism.":[122],"Examination":[123],"revealed":[124],"isolated":[125],"(clitoral":[127,230],"length":[128],"1":[129],"cm),":[130],"Prader":[131,192],"stage":[132,193],"1,":[133,194],"without":[134,195],"labioscrotal":[135],"fusion":[136],"palpable":[138],"gonads.":[139],"Biochemistry":[140],"confirmed":[141,170,213],"severe":[142],"primary":[143],"hypothyroidism,":[144],"TSH":[146,201,239,256],"101":[147],"mIU/L":[148,204],"free":[150,206,241],"T4":[151,207,242],"0.39":[152],"ng/dL.":[153],"Karyotype":[154],"46XX,":[156],"stimulated":[159],"steroid":[160],"panel":[161],"normal,":[163],"excluding":[164],"congenital":[165],"adrenal":[166],"hyperplasia;":[167],"thyroid":[168,211,293],"scintigraphy":[169,212],"dyshormonogenesis.":[171],"second":[173],"detected":[176],"incidentally":[177],"during":[178],"neonatal":[179],"evaluation,":[180],"an":[182,214,269],"enlarged":[183],"clitoral":[184],"index":[185,231],"(10":[186],"x":[187],"5":[188],"mm,":[189],"50":[190],"mm2),":[191],"goitre":[196],"macroglossia.":[198],"Cord":[199],"blood":[200],"exceeded":[202],"100":[203],"0.37":[208],"ng/dL,":[209],"ectopic,":[215],"hypoplastic":[216],"lingual":[217],"thyroid.":[218],"Both":[219],"were":[221],"started":[222],"levothyroxine,":[224],"complete":[226],"resolution":[227],"0.27":[232],"infant)":[236],"normal":[238],"by":[243],"10":[244],"follow":[247],"up.":[248],"Conclusion:":[249],"may":[253],"reflect":[254],"prolonged":[255],"elevation":[257],"acting":[258],"gonadal":[260],"genital":[262],"tissue":[263],"gonadotropin":[265,272],"receptor":[266],"cross-reactivity,":[267],"associated":[270],"transient":[271],"surge.":[273],"Recognizing":[274],"this":[275],"reversible":[276],"association":[277],"can":[278],"prevent":[279],"unnecessary":[280],"virilization":[281],"surgical":[284],"referral,":[285],"underscores":[287],"value":[289],"universal":[291]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00"}
