{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220858901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030","title":"Lipoprotein(a): a potential target for the reduction of residual cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease","display_name":"Lipoprotein(a): a potential target for the reduction of residual cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220858901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42909215","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13684331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nephrology/articles/10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215820","display_name":"Frontiers in Nephrology","issn_l":"2813-0626","issn":["2813-0626"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nephrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nephrology/articles/10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157868690","display_name":"Leonardo A. Sechi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129043915","display_name":"University of Udine","ror":"https://ror.org/05ht0mh31","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Leonardo A. Sechi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011283009","display_name":"Luca Bulfone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1657-4888","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1657-4888"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129043915","display_name":"University of Udine","ror":"https://ror.org/05ht0mh31","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Bulfone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017311488","display_name":"Antonio Vacca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0051-7723","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0051-7723"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129043915","display_name":"University of Udine","ror":"https://ror.org/05ht0mh31","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Vacca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092114313","display_name":"Jacopo Comand","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129043915","display_name":"University of Udine","ror":"https://ror.org/05ht0mh31","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacopo Comand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054661497","display_name":"Stefano Marcante","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8606-7817","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8606-7817"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129043915","display_name":"University of Udine","ror":"https://ror.org/05ht0mh31","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Marcante","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014219477","display_name":"Gabriele Brosolo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3408-3823","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3408-3823"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129043915","display_name":"University of Udine","ror":"https://ror.org/05ht0mh31","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriele Brosolo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044554532","display_name":"Claudio Pagano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4335-8411","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4335-8411"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129043915","display_name":"University of Udine","ror":"https://ror.org/05ht0mh31","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Pagano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014180438","display_name":"Cristiana Catena","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5039-435X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5039-435X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129043915","display_name":"University of Udine","ror":"https://ror.org/05ht0mh31","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristiana Catena","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5157868690"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"],"apc_list":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"apc_paid":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57152406,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"1950030","last_page":"1950030"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10394","display_name":"Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10394","display_name":"Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipoprotein-a","display_name":"lipoprotein(a)","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-kidney-disease","display_name":"chronic kidney disease","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual-cardiovascular-risk","display_name":"residual cardiovascular risk","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atherosclerotic-cardiovascular-disease","display_name":"atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-disease-prevention","display_name":"cardiovascular disease prevention","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerated-atherosclerosis","display_name":"premature atherosclerosis","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-risk-factors","display_name":"genetic risk factors","score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-outcomes","display_name":"cardiovascular outcomes","score":0.6190000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8549000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778653478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718","display_name":"Kidney disease","level":2,"score":0.7477999925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152163801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146057","display_name":"Residual risk","level":2,"score":0.741100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5774999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5309000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.505299985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.5020999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4812999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.47859999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.4115000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.3382999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.322299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909478654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844935","display_name":"Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","level":3,"score":0.31200000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780091579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377","display_name":"Kidney","level":2,"score":0.2935999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159641895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108377937","display_name":"Renal function","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nephrology/articles/10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215820","display_name":"Frontiers in Nephrology","issn_l":"2813-0626","issn":["2813-0626"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nephrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13684331","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13684331/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13684331/pdf/fneph-06-1950030.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Nephrol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42909215","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42909215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in nephrology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f895fa7ae730496a8dbae9fdd825d0d2","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f895fa7ae730496a8dbae9fdd825d0d2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nephrology, Vol 6 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nephrology/articles/10.3389/fneph.2026.1950030/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215820","display_name":"Frontiers in Nephrology","issn_l":"2813-0626","issn":["2813-0626"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nephrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220858901.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220858901.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":103,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1853801486","https://openalex.org/W1907534963","https://openalex.org/W1964498019","https://openalex.org/W1967662295","https://openalex.org/W1968214883","https://openalex.org/W1970226282","https://openalex.org/W1979948203","https://openalex.org/W1980626016","https://openalex.org/W1983123547","https://openalex.org/W1986697275","https://openalex.org/W1989069669","https://openalex.org/W1989116020","https://openalex.org/W1998754748","https://openalex.org/W2001721351","https://openalex.org/W2011720898","https://openalex.org/W2013252870","https://openalex.org/W2013493542","https://openalex.org/W2029442803","https://openalex.org/W2036170644","https://openalex.org/W2038169981","https://openalex.org/W2045391084","https://openalex.org/W2045814946","https://openalex.org/W2048328007","https://openalex.org/W2057328932","https://openalex.org/W2071059887","https://openalex.org/W2071420702","https://openalex.org/W2074958637","https://openalex.org/W2082069148","https://openalex.org/W2085959182","https://openalex.org/W2089938730","https://openalex.org/W2099437730","https://openalex.org/W2100800328","https://openalex.org/W2106036991","https://openalex.org/W2107295258","https://openalex.org/W2110095589","https://openalex.org/W2111560715","https://openalex.org/W2114182408","https://openalex.org/W2118729046","https://openalex.org/W2120309176","https://openalex.org/W2130483103","https://openalex.org/W2130741597","https://openalex.org/W2137707474","https://openalex.org/W2139168645","https://openalex.org/W2145632027","https://openalex.org/W2147201241","https://openalex.org/W2147696440","https://openalex.org/W2149388878","https://openalex.org/W2154866217","https://openalex.org/W2171976555","https://openalex.org/W2180620687","https://openalex.org/W2184549447","https://openalex.org/W2273252260","https://openalex.org/W2409711113","https://openalex.org/W2596179513","https://openalex.org/W2601076876","https://openalex.org/W2749554026","https://openalex.org/W2786285732","https://openalex.org/W2809135070","https://openalex.org/W2899997727","https://openalex.org/W2904356389","https://openalex.org/W2940327706","https://openalex.org/W2974057056","https://openalex.org/W2997944188","https://openalex.org/W3000712048","https://openalex.org/W3006057482","https://openalex.org/W3097307979","https://openalex.org/W3131326508","https://openalex.org/W3215751129","https://openalex.org/W4220815749","https://openalex.org/W4280521918","https://openalex.org/W4281250068","https://openalex.org/W4281257482","https://openalex.org/W4293462875","https://openalex.org/W4308373292","https://openalex.org/W4362717051","https://openalex.org/W4386246312","https://openalex.org/W4391824096","https://openalex.org/W4393386912","https://openalex.org/W4395689910","https://openalex.org/W4404019593","https://openalex.org/W4404161783","https://openalex.org/W4404470222","https://openalex.org/W4404470236","https://openalex.org/W4405577911","https://openalex.org/W4408731732","https://openalex.org/W4408977126","https://openalex.org/W4409133212","https://openalex.org/W4409383247","https://openalex.org/W4409623834","https://openalex.org/W4411341663","https://openalex.org/W4413981786","https://openalex.org/W4414166405","https://openalex.org/W4414603104","https://openalex.org/W4415589059","https://openalex.org/W4416388442","https://openalex.org/W4416928726","https://openalex.org/W4417449230","https://openalex.org/W7118070903","https://openalex.org/W7125485279","https://openalex.org/W7167507315","https://openalex.org/W7167893200","https://openalex.org/W7172506929","https://openalex.org/W7202168470"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7167893200","https://openalex.org/W4416928726","https://openalex.org/W7171549457","https://openalex.org/W7167507315","https://openalex.org/W4362717051","https://openalex.org/W2740013158","https://openalex.org/W2047452295","https://openalex.org/W4224210686","https://openalex.org/W4404161783","https://openalex.org/W3006412500"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Epidemiological":[0],"evidence":[1,143],"demonstrates":[2],"that":[3],"atherosclerotic":[4],"cardiovascular":[5,54,161,229,245],"disease":[6,21],"(ASCVD)":[7],"is":[8,77,88],"a":[9,44,66,92,156,241],"major":[10],"cause":[11],"of":[12,27,38,46,60,118,125,150,182,187,225],"death":[13],"and":[14,29,63,87,122,147,204,233],"disability":[15],"in":[16,30,110,169,200,205,217,247],"patients":[17,50,170,206,218],"with":[18,51,171,207,219],"chronic":[19],"kidney":[20],"(CKD).":[22],"From":[23],"the":[24,36,111,115,123,134,145,179,201],"early":[25],"stages":[26,181],"CKD,":[28,52,172],"addition":[31],"to":[32,43,71,85,114,128,152,159,195],"specifically":[33],"related":[34,70],"conditions,":[35],"coexistence":[37],"traditional":[39],"risk":[40,55,68,95,199],"factors":[41],"contributes":[42],"process":[45],"accelerated":[47],"atherosclerosis.":[48],"In":[49],"increased":[53],"persists":[56],"even":[57],"after":[58],"correction":[59],"hypertension,":[61],"dyslipidemia,":[62],"diabetes,":[64],"indicating":[65],"residual":[67,160,198],"likely":[69],"additional":[72],"subtle":[73],"factors.":[74],"Lipoprotein(a)":[75],"[Lp(a)]":[76],"an":[78,192],"LDL-like":[79],"particle":[80],"containing":[81],"apoB100":[82],"covalently":[83],"linked":[84],"apo(a)":[86],"now":[89],"recognized":[90],"as":[91],"genetically":[93],"determined":[94],"factor":[96],"for":[97,244],"ASCVD.":[98],"Following":[99],"its":[100,130],"initial":[101],"description,":[102],"Lp(a)":[103,151,176],"aroused":[104],"extraordinary":[105],"interest,":[106],"which":[107],"then":[108],"waned":[109],"late-1990s":[112],"due":[113],"controversial":[116],"results":[117],"some":[119],"prospective":[120],"studies":[121,139],"lack":[124],"effective":[126],"interventions":[127],"reduce":[129],"circulating":[131],"levels.":[132],"Over":[133],"past":[135],"two":[136],"decades,":[137],"clinical":[138],"have":[140],"provided":[141],"robust":[142],"supporting":[144],"causal":[146],"independent":[148],"contribution":[149,158,164],"ASCVD,":[153],"also":[154],"suggesting":[155],"significant":[157,168],"risk.":[162],"This":[163],"may":[165],"be":[166],"particularly":[167],"who":[173],"exhibit":[174],"elevated":[175],"levels":[177],"from":[178],"earliest":[180],"disease.":[183],"The":[184],"recent":[185],"development":[186],"potent":[188],"Lp(a)-lowering":[189],"drugs":[190,237],"offers":[191],"exciting":[193],"opportunity":[194],"effectively":[196],"address":[197],"general":[202],"population":[203],"CKD.":[208],"No":[209],"data":[210],"are":[211],"yet":[212],"available":[213],"on":[214,228],"their":[215,226],"use":[216],"CKD":[220],"but":[221],"pending":[222],"future":[223],"definition":[224],"efficacy":[227],"outcomes,":[230],"approval,":[231],"dosing,":[232],"long-term":[234],"safety,":[235],"these":[236,248],"might":[238],"possibly":[239],"represent":[240],"useful":[242],"tool":[243],"prevention":[246],"patients.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00"}