{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220844395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_661_26","title":"Knowledge and awareness of benign prostatic hyperplasia among the general population in Makkah, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study","display_name":"Knowledge and awareness of benign prostatic hyperplasia among the general population in Makkah, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220844395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_661_26","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42964894","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13722244"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_661_26","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_661_26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_661_26","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764801637","display_name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","issn_l":"2249-4863","issn":["2249-4863","2278-7135"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_661_26","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104241310","display_name":"Ahmed Atiah S. Alzahrani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed A. Alzahrani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115530835","display_name":"Abdullah Osamah Krenshi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5925-6740","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5925-6740"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah O. Krenshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157828331","display_name":"Yazan A. Shater","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yazan A. Shater","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157870184","display_name":"Mohammad H. Ghassal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad H. Ghassal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121121699","display_name":"Albadr A. Alghamdi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Albadr A. Alghamdi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157865936","display_name":"Muath A. Mardah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muath A. Mardah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157833175","display_name":"Ahmad S. Alahmadi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad S. Alahmadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157797296","display_name":"Mohamed E. Mustafa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed E. Mustafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023811952","display_name":"Mokhtar Mahfouz Shatla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4952-4046","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4952-4046"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mokhtar M. Shatla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Community Medicine and Pilgrims Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Community Medicine and Pilgrims Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104241310"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"],"apc_list":{"value":450,"currency":"USD","value_usd":450},"apc_paid":{"value":450,"currency":"USD","value_usd":450},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77098934,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"7","first_page":"2572","last_page":"2579"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10279","display_name":"Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10279","display_name":"Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10124","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13242","display_name":"Male Reproductive Health Studies","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benign-prostatic-hyperplasia","display_name":"benign prostatic hyperplasia","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-knowledge","display_name":"health knowledge","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-awareness","display_name":"health awareness","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/men-s-health","display_name":"men's health","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urinary-symptoms","display_name":"urinary symptoms","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obesity","display_name":"obesity","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"diabetes mellitus","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complications","display_name":"complications","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-methods","display_name":"diagnostic methods","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-education","display_name":"health education","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mecca","display_name":"Mecca","score":0.8820000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9616000056266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6421999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019806175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11974939","display_name":"Health professionals","level":3,"score":0.4553999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.45329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.4465999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65409693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Statistical significance","level":2,"score":0.4375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.41589999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.40529999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777562237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835051","display_name":"Hyperplasia","level":2,"score":0.4050000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29456083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221899","display_name":"Gynecology","level":1,"score":0.39149999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511355011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Obesity","level":2,"score":0.3449000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779478474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446372","display_name":"Lower urinary tract symptoms","level":4,"score":0.3433000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.3237000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61470247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7229825","display_name":"Population study","level":3,"score":0.31769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423378","display_name":"Knowledge level","level":2,"score":0.29440000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.28850001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776547966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1283551","display_name":"International Prostate Symptom Score","level":5,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.262800008058548}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_661_26","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_661_26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_661_26","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764801637","display_name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","issn_l":"2249-4863","issn":["2249-4863","2278-7135"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13722244","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13722244/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13722244/pdf/JFMPC-15-2572.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Family Med Prim Care","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42964894","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42964894","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of family medicine and primary care","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_661_26","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_661_26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_661_26","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764801637","display_name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","issn_l":"2249-4863","issn":["2249-4863","2278-7135"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220844395.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220844395.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2998816346","https://openalex.org/W4386725477","https://openalex.org/W4389193517","https://openalex.org/W4393442704","https://openalex.org/W4407593683","https://openalex.org/W7140137001"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4393442704","https://openalex.org/W4389193517","https://openalex.org/W2998816346","https://openalex.org/W7138996239","https://openalex.org/W7140137001","https://openalex.org/W2355677365","https://openalex.org/W7140115201","https://openalex.org/W7124864147","https://openalex.org/W7140093204","https://openalex.org/W4385116716"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,57,122],"BSTRACT":[1],"Background:":[2],"Benign":[3],"prostatic":[4],"hyperplasia":[5],"(BPH)":[6],"is":[7,27,232],"a":[8,69],"common":[9],"age-related":[10],"condition":[11],"that":[12],"can":[13],"significantly":[14,179],"affect":[15],"quality":[16],"of":[17,43,47,124,162,226],"life":[18],"and":[19,32,45,65,89,100,151,168,171,244,254],"lead":[20],"to":[21,39,176,250],"serious":[22],"urinary":[23],"complications.":[24,257],"Public":[25],"awareness":[26,46,161,246],"essential":[28],"for":[29],"early":[30,252],"recognition":[31,253],"timely":[33],"management.":[34],"Aim:":[35],"This":[36],"study":[37,59],"aimed":[38],"evaluate":[40],"the":[41],"level":[42],"knowledge":[44,145,183,213],"BPH":[48,227],"among":[49,228],"adult":[50],"men":[51,77,229],"in":[52,82,160,230,237],"Makkah,":[53],"Saudi":[54],"Arabia.":[55],"Methods:":[56],"cross-sectional":[58],"was":[60,95,147,178],"conducted":[61],"between":[62],"December":[63],"2025":[64],"January":[66],"2026":[67],"using":[68,109],"previously":[70,138],"validated":[71],"questionnaire":[72],"via":[73],"convenience":[74],"sampling.":[75],"Adult":[76],"aged":[78],"\u226518":[79],"years":[80],"residing":[81],"Makkah":[83,231],"were":[84,92,103,107,127,158,208],"included,":[85],"while":[86],"healthcare":[87,192],"professionals":[88],"health-related":[90],"students":[91],"excluded.":[93],"Knowledge":[94,225],"assessed":[96],"across":[97],"multiple":[98],"domains,":[99],"scores":[101],"\u226560%":[102],"considered":[104],"good.":[105],"Data":[106],"analyzed":[108],"SPSS":[110],"version":[111],"25,":[112],"with":[113,181,211,234],"statistical":[114],"significance":[115],"set":[116],"at":[117],"P":[118,185,195,202,221],"<":[119],"0.05.":[120],"Results:":[121],"total":[123],"411":[125],"participants":[126],"included":[128],"(median":[129],"age:":[130],"40":[131],"years,":[132],"IQR":[133],"23\u201350).":[134],"Only":[135],"34.3%":[136],"had":[137],"received":[139],"information":[140,177],"about":[141],"BPH.":[142],"The":[143],"mean":[144],"score":[146],"20.48":[148],"\u00b1":[149],"5.13,":[150],"44.6%":[152],"demonstrated":[153],"good":[154],"knowledge.":[155],"Notable":[156],"gaps":[157],"identified":[159],"symptoms,":[163],"risk":[164],"factors":[165],"(particularly":[166],"obesity":[167],"diabetes),":[169],"complications,":[170],"diagnostic":[172],"methods.":[173],"Prior":[174],"exposure":[175],"associated":[180,210],"better":[182],"(":[184,194,201],"=":[186,196,203,216,222],"0.033),":[187],"especially":[188],"when":[189],"obtained":[190],"from":[191],"providers":[193],"0.004)":[197],"or":[198],"educational":[199,242],"campaigns":[200],"0.011).":[204],"Younger":[205],"age":[206],"groups":[207],"independently":[209],"higher":[212],"levels":[214],"(OR":[215],"2.69,":[217],"95%":[218],"CI:":[219],"1.22\u20135.90,":[220],"0.014).":[223],"Conclusions:":[224],"suboptimal,":[233],"important":[235],"deficiencies":[236],"clinically":[238],"relevant":[239],"areas.":[240],"Targeted":[241],"strategies":[243],"healthcare-based":[245],"programs":[247],"are":[248],"needed":[249],"improve":[251],"reduce":[255],"preventable":[256]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00"}