{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220836900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2026-123988","title":"Effects of remimazolam versus propofol on cerebral oxygenation in elderly patients undergoing prone spine surgery: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial","display_name":"Effects of remimazolam versus propofol on cerebral oxygenation in elderly patients undergoing prone spine surgery: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220836900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2026-123988","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42843860","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13647035"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2026-123988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2026-123988","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2026-123988","pdf_url":"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/16/10/e123988.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79054089","display_name":"BMJ Open","issn_l":"2044-6055","issn":["2044-6055"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/16/10/e123988.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157874170","display_name":"Betina Lazaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4272-7509","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4272-7509"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114023","display_name":"Kameda Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01gf00k84","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114023"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Betina Lazaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Chiba, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4272-7509","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Chiba, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114023"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070276875","display_name":"Zhuan Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0338-3664","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0338-3664"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163770644","display_name":"Okayama University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pc6pc55","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163770644"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165690674","display_name":"Oregon Health & Science University","ror":"https://ror.org/009avj582","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114023","display_name":"Kameda Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01gf00k84","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114023"]}],"countries":["JP","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuan Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA","Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama, Japan","Department of Anesthesiology, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Chiba, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163770644"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Chiba, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114023"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016406603","display_name":"\u83c5\u8c37\u53cb\u91cc\u6075","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114023","display_name":"Kameda Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01gf00k84","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114023"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yurie Sugaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Clinical Specialist Center, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Chiba, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Clinical Specialist Center, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Chiba, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114023"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011749301","display_name":"\u690d\u7530\u5065\u4e00","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802216851","display_name":"University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics","ror":"https://ror.org/04g2swc55","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644","https://openalex.org/I2802216851","https://openalex.org/I4210142782"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114023","display_name":"Kameda Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01gf00k84","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114023"]}],"countries":["JP","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenichi Ueda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Chiba, Japan","Department of Anesthesiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Chiba, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114023"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802216851"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5157874170"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114023"],"apc_list":{"value":1500,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1839},"apc_paid":{"value":1500,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1839},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79367008,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"10","first_page":"e123988","last_page":"e123988"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10436","display_name":"Anesthesia and Sedative Agents","score":0.9564999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10436","display_name":"Anesthesia and Sedative Agents","score":0.9564999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.018200000748038292,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12476","display_name":"Intraoperative Neuromonitoring and Anesthetic Effects","score":0.01269999984651804,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remimazolam","display_name":"remimazolam","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propofol","display_name":"propofol","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-oxygenation","display_name":"cerebral oxygenation","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elderly-patients","display_name":"elderly patients","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-intravenous-anesthesia","display_name":"total intravenous anesthesia","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-cerebral-oxygen-saturation","display_name":"regional cerebral oxygen saturation","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-hypoperfusion","display_name":"cerebral hypoperfusion","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-neurocognitive-disorder","display_name":"postoperative neurocognitive disorder","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vasopressor-requirement","display_name":"vasopressor requirement","score":0.7490000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.7657999992370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163100246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1064483","display_name":"Prone position","level":2,"score":0.745199978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125567185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3267428","display_name":"Supine position","level":2,"score":0.5874000191688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776277131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422740","display_name":"Propofol","level":2,"score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.5228000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777106319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q362104","display_name":"Institutional review board","level":2,"score":0.41690000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.39250001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778173252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83871","display_name":"Benzodiazepine","level":3,"score":0.38499999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.37540000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178853913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642137","display_name":"Hemodynamics","level":2,"score":0.3743000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781312054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5354947","display_name":"Elective surgery","level":2,"score":0.35679998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70289976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143603","display_name":"Oxygenation","level":2,"score":0.33329999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778000748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423071","display_name":"Midazolam","level":3,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.31439998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44575665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1293405","display_name":"Lumbar","level":2,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778409475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421920","display_name":"Flumazenil","level":4,"score":0.28850001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73751289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2985397","display_name":"Data monitoring committee","level":3,"score":0.2865000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780645631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671554","display_name":"Stroke (engine)","level":2,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778715236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55622662","display_name":"Discontinuation","level":2,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776983577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166543","display_name":"General anaesthesia","level":2,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780930544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62962","display_name":"Hypnotic","level":2,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775919319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919796","display_name":"Clinical equipoise","level":3,"score":0.2581000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154281038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629232","display_name":"Cerebral perfusion pressure","level":3,"score":0.2531999945640564}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000089382","descriptor_name":"Oxygen Saturation","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000097870","descriptor_name":"Geriatric Anesthesia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000768","descriptor_name":"Anesthesia, General","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001569","descriptor_name":"Benzodiazepines","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001569","descriptor_name":"Benzodiazepines","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010100","descriptor_name":"Oxygen","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013131","descriptor_name":"Spine","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015742","descriptor_name":"Propofol","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015742","descriptor_name":"Propofol","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016684","descriptor_name":"Prone Position","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018686","descriptor_name":"Anesthetics, Intravenous","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019265","descriptor_name":"Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2026-123988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2026-123988","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2026-123988","pdf_url":"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/16/10/e123988.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79054089","display_name":"BMJ Open","issn_l":"2044-6055","issn":["2044-6055"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42843860","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42843860","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ open","raw_type":"Clinical Trial Protocol"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13647035","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13647035/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ Open","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d03146f9b6fe49bf986a741182c8611d","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d03146f9b6fe49bf986a741182c8611d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMJ Open, Vol 16, Iss 10 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2026-123988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2026-123988","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2026-123988","pdf_url":"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/16/10/e123988.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79054089","display_name":"BMJ Open","issn_l":"2044-6055","issn":["2044-6055"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Study Protocol","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/study-protocol"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220836900.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220836900.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W86824384","https://openalex.org/W1553544812","https://openalex.org/W2038183111","https://openalex.org/W2048298741","https://openalex.org/W2883394240","https://openalex.org/W2927224858","https://openalex.org/W3160760687","https://openalex.org/W3179504841","https://openalex.org/W4283790802","https://openalex.org/W4308687189","https://openalex.org/W4372335816","https://openalex.org/W4385367891","https://openalex.org/W4394888537","https://openalex.org/W4401348781","https://openalex.org/W4403647572","https://openalex.org/W4408206405"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7203894610","https://openalex.org/W4366277794","https://openalex.org/W4372335816","https://openalex.org/W4391514076","https://openalex.org/W4411708721","https://openalex.org/W7166640651","https://openalex.org/W4400306200","https://openalex.org/W4388870007","https://openalex.org/W7128596706","https://openalex.org/W7166466235"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0],"Prone":[1],"spine":[2,43,73,107],"surgery":[3,44,74,108],"may":[4,28],"increase":[5],"the":[6,57,76,147,161,169,174,211],"risk":[7],"of":[8,59,176,216,259],"cerebral":[9,39,64,130,181],"hypoperfusion":[10],"and":[11,52,61,83,191,198,204,249],"postoperative":[12,192],"neurological":[13],"adverse":[14],"events,":[15,183],"particularly":[16],"in":[17,66,75,109,116,150,154,160,168,246],"elderly":[18,67],"patients.":[19],"Remimazolam":[20],"is":[21,146],"a":[22,94,117],"novel":[23],"ultra-short-acting":[24],"benzodiazepine":[25],"anaesthetic":[26],"that":[27],"provide":[29],"greater":[30],"haemodynamic":[31,185],"stability":[32],"than":[33],"propofol.":[34,53],"However,":[35],"its":[36],"effects":[37,58],"on":[38,63,265],"oxygenation":[40,65],"during":[41],"prone":[42,77,110,162],"remain":[45],"unclear,":[46],"indicating":[47],"clinical":[48],"equipoise":[49],"between":[50],"remimazolam":[51,60,123],"This":[54,85],"study":[55,207],"compares":[56],"propofol":[62],"patients":[68,100],"undergoing":[69],"thoracic":[70,106],"or":[71,105,124],"lumbar":[72,104],"position":[78,111,163,171],"under":[79],"general":[80],"anaesthesia.":[81,128,177],"Methods":[82],"analysis":[84],"prospective":[86],"randomised":[87],"controlled":[88],"trial":[89],"will":[90,112,136,231,241],"be":[91,113,137,232,242],"conducted":[92],"at":[93,251],"single":[95],"tertiary":[96],"medical":[97],"centre.":[98],"Sixty":[99],"scheduled":[101],"for":[102],"elective":[103],"randomly":[114],"assigned":[115],"1:1":[118],"ratio":[119],"to":[120,165,173],"receive":[121],"either":[122],"propofol-based":[125],"total":[126],"intravenous":[127],"Regional":[129],"oxygen":[131],"saturation":[132],"(rScO":[133],"2":[134,156,158],")":[135,159],"continuously":[138],"monitored":[139],"using":[140,196],"near-infrared":[141],"spectroscopy.":[142],"The":[143,206,239],"primary":[144],"outcome":[145],"between-group":[148],"difference":[149],"time-weighted":[151],"average":[152],"change":[153],"rScO":[155],"(\u0394rScO":[157],"relative":[164],"baseline":[166],"values":[167],"supine":[170],"prior":[172],"induction":[175],"Secondary":[178],"outcomes":[179],"include":[180],"desaturation":[182],"intraoperative":[184,189],"changes,":[186],"vasopressor":[187],"requirements,":[188],"complications":[190],"neurocognitive":[193],"disorder":[194],"assessed":[195],"Mini-Cog":[197],"Ultra-Brief":[199],"Confusion":[200],"Assessment":[201],"Method.":[202],"Ethics":[203],"dissemination":[205],"was":[208],"approved":[209],"by":[210],"Clinical":[212,260],"Research":[213],"Review":[214],"Board":[215],"Kameda":[217],"Medical":[218],"Center":[219],"(approval":[220],"number":[221,256],"25\u2013130;":[222],"approval":[223],"date:":[224],"5":[225],"February":[226],"2026).":[227],"Written":[228],"informed":[229],"consent":[230],"obtained":[233],"from":[234],"all":[235],"participants":[236],"before":[237],"enrolment.":[238],"findings":[240],"disseminated":[243],"through":[244],"publication":[245],"peer-reviewed":[247],"journals":[248],"presentation":[250],"academic":[252],"conferences.":[253],"Trial":[254],"registration":[255],"Japan":[257],"Registry":[258],"Trials,":[261],"jRCT1031250782,":[262],"first":[263],"registered":[264],"6":[266],"March":[267],"2026.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00"}