{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220834161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391","title":"Focus prosody in Qassimi Arabic: acoustic analysis and computational modeling","display_name":"Focus prosody in Qassimi Arabic: acoustic analysis and computational modeling","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220834161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42908714","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13683374"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/human-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146364893","display_name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","issn_l":"1662-5161","issn":["1662-5161"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/human-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049494125","display_name":"Muhammad Swaileh A. Alzaidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1276-6316","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1276-6316"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Swaileh A. Alzaidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of English, College of Language Sciences, King Saud University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of English, College of Language Sciences, King Saud University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049702508","display_name":"Yi Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8541-2658","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8541-2658","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3673-057X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yi Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Human Communication Sciences, University College London"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human Communication Sciences, University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092335945","display_name":"Buthainah M. Al Thowaini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9988-3277","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9988-3277"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Buthainah M. Al Thowaini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of English, College of Language Sciences, King Saud University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of English, College of Language Sciences, King Saud University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157800343","display_name":"Mohammad A. S. Bani Younes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31079310","display_name":"Al al-Bayt University","ror":"https://ror.org/028jh2126","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31079310"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad A. S. Bani Younes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Foreign Languages, Al al-Bayt University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Foreign Languages, Al al-Bayt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31079310"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049702508"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77089849,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":null,"first_page":"1928391","last_page":"1928391"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13623","display_name":"Linguistic Studies and Language Acquisition","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13912","display_name":"Language, Linguistics, Cultural Analysis","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic-intonation","display_name":"Arabic intonation","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pitch-contour","display_name":"pitch contour","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-focus","display_name":"information focus","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrastive-focus","display_name":"contrastive focus","score":0.9990000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.8910999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542774811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10880526","display_name":"Prosody","level":2,"score":0.8565999865531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781045179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5576720","display_name":"Intonation (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7839000225067139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109089402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8188","display_name":"Syllable","level":2,"score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777672088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1441804","display_name":"Pitch accent","level":3,"score":0.6219000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777629044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614959","display_name":"Contrastive analysis","level":2,"score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5552999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5048999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780550144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156976","display_name":"Excursion","level":2,"score":0.45890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4474000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779954242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031227","display_name":"Information structure","level":2,"score":0.4041999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.36469998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.35690000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.3528999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.33489999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3292999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.3199000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.302700012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.26190000772476196}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/human-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146364893","display_name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","issn_l":"1662-5161","issn":["1662-5161"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13683374","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13683374/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13683374/pdf/fnhum-20-1928391.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Hum Neurosci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42908714","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42908714","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in human neuroscience","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c263a0f70d284cb48ed1d47fe240b403","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c263a0f70d284cb48ed1d47fe240b403","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Vol 20 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/human-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1928391/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146364893","display_name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","issn_l":"1662-5161","issn":["1662-5161"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220834161.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220834161.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W66392269","https://openalex.org/W151047664","https://openalex.org/W170969044","https://openalex.org/W182260620","https://openalex.org/W397522103","https://openalex.org/W1535726117","https://openalex.org/W1951724000","https://openalex.org/W1966958746","https://openalex.org/W1980605799","https://openalex.org/W1980653762","https://openalex.org/W1995118599","https://openalex.org/W2011158245","https://openalex.org/W2012242079","https://openalex.org/W2019597205","https://openalex.org/W2020738862","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2043775132","https://openalex.org/W2052436446","https://openalex.org/W2058211894","https://openalex.org/W2093820993","https://openalex.org/W2126289105","https://openalex.org/W2135161317","https://openalex.org/W2138061840","https://openalex.org/W2139788621","https://openalex.org/W2147272182","https://openalex.org/W2148493258","https://openalex.org/W2151929554","https://openalex.org/W2159267296","https://openalex.org/W2166919574","https://openalex.org/W2170013673","https://openalex.org/W2201058152","https://openalex.org/W2236480026","https://openalex.org/W2250816155","https://openalex.org/W2330979245","https://openalex.org/W2396567363","https://openalex.org/W2489824537","https://openalex.org/W2518969573","https://openalex.org/W2546732126","https://openalex.org/W2556743440","https://openalex.org/W2624367162","https://openalex.org/W2626427369","https://openalex.org/W2905862001","https://openalex.org/W2923788460","https://openalex.org/W4256190706","https://openalex.org/W4280581805","https://openalex.org/W4280650699","https://openalex.org/W4285323739","https://openalex.org/W4289517470","https://openalex.org/W4300626136","https://openalex.org/W4361295023","https://openalex.org/W4390912734","https://openalex.org/W4390912766","https://openalex.org/W4405199829","https://openalex.org/W4405894728","https://openalex.org/W4405954988","https://openalex.org/W4406934993","https://openalex.org/W4407901676"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4407901676","https://openalex.org/W4361295023","https://openalex.org/W2905862001","https://openalex.org/W186677656","https://openalex.org/W7126055083","https://openalex.org/W4396733328","https://openalex.org/W170969044","https://openalex.org/W2768220104","https://openalex.org/W2183324604","https://openalex.org/W7097112825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"investigates":[2],"focus":[3,72,106,126,154,192,226,245],"intonation":[4,31],"in":[5,17,61,89,99,137],"Qassimi":[6,243],"Arabic":[7,244,255],"(QA)":[8],"with":[9],"two":[10],"aims:":[11],"to":[12,25,254],"examine":[13],"focus-related":[14],"prosodic":[15],"changes":[16,136],"the":[18,27,79,119,149,203,236,248,251],"focused":[19,80],"word":[20,151],"and":[21,24,32,41,49,64,101,124,172,190,195,214,224,247],"surrounding":[22],"regions,":[23],"identify":[26],"functional":[28],"factors":[29],"shaping":[30],"their":[33],"relative":[34],"contributions.":[35],"The":[36,51,67,112,167],"analysis":[37,147],"considers":[38],"maximum,":[39],"minimum,":[40],"mean":[42],"F":[43,84,138,180,205],"0":[44,85,139,181,206],",":[45,140],"excursion":[46,141,157],"size,":[47,142],"duration,":[48],"intensity.":[50],"data":[52],"comprise":[53],"1,800":[54],"utterances":[55],"produced":[56],"by":[57,129],"ten":[58],"native":[59],"speakers":[60],"neutral-focus,":[62],"information-focus,":[63],"contrastive-focus":[65],"contexts.":[66],"acoustic":[68,185],"results":[69,168],"show":[70],"that":[71,221],"is":[73],"realized":[74],"primarily":[75],"through":[76,83],"enhancement":[77],"of":[78,148,202,242,250],"word,":[81],"especially":[82],"-register":[86],"raising":[87],"and,":[88],"some":[90],"positions,":[91,103],"increased":[92],"pitch":[93],"excursion.":[94],"These":[95],"effects":[96],"are":[97,127],"strongest":[98],"sentence-initial":[100],"sentence-penultimate":[102,153],"while":[104],"sentence-final":[105],"shows":[107],"more":[108],"limited":[109],"register":[110],"raising.":[111],"pre-focus":[113],"region":[114],"remains":[115],"largely":[116],"stable.":[117],"In":[118],"broad":[120],"post-focus":[121,150,174,179,216],"region,":[122],"information":[123,165,189],"contrastive":[125,160,191],"followed":[128],"significant":[130],"intensity":[131],"attenuation":[132],"but":[133,162],"no":[134],"consistent":[135,184],"or":[143],"duration.":[144],"However,":[145],"localized":[146],"following":[152],"reveals":[155],"reduced":[156],"size":[158],"after":[159,164],"focus,":[161],"not":[163],"focus.":[166],"therefore":[169],"indicate":[170],"cue-":[171],"position-specific":[173],"modification":[175],"rather":[176],"than":[177],"general":[178],"compression.":[182],"No":[183],"distinction":[186],"emerges":[187],"between":[188],"across":[193],"measures":[194],"positions.":[196],"PENTAtrainer":[197],"modeling":[198],"reproduced":[199],"major":[200],"properties":[201],"observed":[204],"contours,":[207],"including":[208],"on-focus":[209],"prominence,":[210],"declination,":[211],"phrase-final":[212],"lowering,":[213],"condition-dependent":[215],"modification.":[217],"Function-removal":[218],"analyses":[219],"showed":[220],"prosodic-word":[222],"structure":[223],"discourse":[225],"contributed":[227,233],"most":[228],"strongly,":[229],"whereas":[230],"syllable":[231],"weight":[232],"least.":[234],"Overall,":[235],"findings":[237],"support":[238],"a":[239],"multi-functional":[240],"account":[241],"prosody":[246],"applicability":[249],"PENTA":[252],"framework":[253],"intonation.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00"}