{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220778676","doi":null,"title":"The Final River Gunboat Battle of the Civil War","display_name":"The Final River Gunboat Battle of the Civil War","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220778676"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/133477","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/133477","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401358","display_name":"Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801919071","host_organization_name":"University of Illinois System","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801919071"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110582026","display_name":"Lowell L. Getz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Getz, Lowell L.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110582026"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14190","display_name":"Military history and social perspectives","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14190","display_name":"Military history and social perspectives","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13494","display_name":"Military History and Strategy","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11971","display_name":"World Wars: History, Literature, and Impact","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-civil-war","display_name":"American Civil War","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-river","display_name":"Red River","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-bay","display_name":"Mobile Bay","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confederate-navy","display_name":"Confederate Navy","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/union-navy","display_name":"Union Navy","score":0.7680000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778627824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178561","display_name":"Battle","level":2,"score":0.7621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778987988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2708101","display_name":"Memphis","level":2,"score":0.7396000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81631423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10859","display_name":"Spanish Civil War","level":2,"score":0.6708999872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.5293999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778712887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102836","display_name":"Spring (device)","level":2,"score":0.450300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.36320000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.352400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67101536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5535910","display_name":"George (robot)","level":2,"score":0.34689998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992660569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8068","display_name":"River flood","level":3,"score":0.33410000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017612487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15180","display_name":"Soviet union","level":3,"score":0.32190001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994199513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37643","display_name":"Gulf war","level":2,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.2897999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994225426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191600","display_name":"Civil rights","level":2,"score":0.2623000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993786211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39816","display_name":"River valley","level":2,"score":0.2563999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993408106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7350","display_name":"Panama canal","level":2,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/133477","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/133477","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401358","display_name":"Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801919071","host_organization_name":"University of Illinois System","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801919071"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W852890122","https://openalex.org/W3122456020","https://openalex.org/W4298589423","https://openalex.org/W3162309773","https://openalex.org/W824287274","https://openalex.org/W18211267","https://openalex.org/W7220822566","https://openalex.org/W7064343876","https://openalex.org/W1556393580","https://openalex.org/W7220829898"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,5,14,21,34,38,58,70,88,92,99,106,117,145,148,153,161,167],"early":[2],"months":[3],"of":[4,23,28,48,54,62,74,105,140,147,164],"American":[6],"Civil":[7],"War,":[8],"river":[9,40],"gunboats":[10,67,142,165],"were":[11,44,85],"deployed":[12],"on":[13],"midwestern":[15,71],"rivers":[16],"by":[17],"both":[18],"sides.":[19],"Following":[20],"battles":[22],"Fort":[24],"Pillow":[25],"and":[26,80,151],"City":[27],"Memphis":[29],"in":[30,32,52,69,87,98,101,126,152],"1862,":[31],"which":[33,123],"Union":[35,141],"essentially":[36],"destroyed":[37],"Confederate":[39,66,107,127],"gunboat":[41,49,51],"fleet,":[42],"there":[43],"very":[45,64],"few":[46,65],"incidents":[47],"against":[50],"support":[53],"Army":[55],"operations":[56],"along":[57],"rivers.":[59],"By":[60],"spring":[61],"1865,":[63,103],"remained":[68],"waters.":[72],"Three":[73],"these":[75],"(CSS":[76],"Missouri,":[77],"CSS":[78,81],"Merite":[79],"William":[82],"H.":[83],"Webb)":[84],"stationed":[86,143],"Red":[89,118,149],"River.":[90],"Although":[91],"war":[93],"obviously":[94],"was":[95,124,158],"winding":[96],"down":[97],"east,":[100],"mid-March":[102],"Secretary":[104],"Navy,":[108],"Stephen":[109],"R.":[110],"Mallory,":[111],"decided":[112],"to":[113,120,134],"move":[114],"Webb":[115,132],"from":[116],"River":[119,150],"Mobile":[121],"Habor,":[122],"still":[125],"hands.":[128],"To":[129],"do":[130],"so,":[131],"had":[133],"run":[135],"past":[136],"a":[137],"large":[138],"number":[139],"at":[144],"mouth":[146],"lower":[154],"Mississippi.":[155],"The":[156],"stage":[157],"set":[159],"for":[160],"final":[162],"engagement":[163],"during":[166],"war.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00"}