{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220747802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120","title":"Left atrial appendage morphology and hemodynamics: potential new markers for individualized thromboembolic risk assessment in atrial fibrillation","display_name":"Left atrial appendage morphology and hemodynamics: potential new markers for individualized thromboembolic risk assessment in atrial fibrillation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220747802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42903262","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13680827"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595413687","display_name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","issn_l":"2297-055X","issn":["2297-055X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5144244622","display_name":"Bingxin Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191996457","display_name":"Dalian Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/04c8eg608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191996457"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100868","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/012f2cn18","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100868"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingxin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191996457","https://openalex.org/I4210100868"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157704824","display_name":"Xianyong Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092944","display_name":"Dalian University","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2ypp58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianyong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102986244","display_name":"Changlin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7242-7378","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7242-7378"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092944","display_name":"Dalian University","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2ypp58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Changlin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062105065","display_name":"\u8d75\u8d6b\u7537","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191996457","display_name":"Dalian Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/04c8eg608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191996457"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Henan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191996457"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062105065","https://openalex.org/A5102986244"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191996457","https://openalex.org/I4210092944"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56925134,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"1924120","last_page":"1924120"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10065","display_name":"Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10065","display_name":"Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11579","display_name":"Cardiovascular and Diving-Related Complications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11217","display_name":"Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/left-atrial-appendage","display_name":"left atrial appendage","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrial-fibrillation","display_name":"atrial fibrillation","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thromboembolic-risk-assessment","display_name":"thromboembolic risk assessment","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/left-atrial-appendage-morphology","display_name":"left atrial appendage morphology","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cauliflower-like-morphology","display_name":"cauliflower-like morphology","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-fluid-dynamics","display_name":"computational fluid dynamics","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluid-structure-interaction","display_name":"fluid-structure interaction","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-twin","display_name":"digital twin","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrial-fibrillation-recurrence","display_name":"atrial fibrillation recurrence","score":0.7179999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779161974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815819","display_name":"Atrial fibrillation","level":2,"score":0.8255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.7251999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.7182999849319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910003425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12202","display_name":"Embolic stroke","level":4,"score":0.6308000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910272107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1615482","display_name":"Atrial Appendage","level":4,"score":0.5773000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178853913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642137","display_name":"Hemodynamics","level":2,"score":0.5763999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780645631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671554","display_name":"Stroke (engine)","level":2,"score":0.5501999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.4733000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.46239998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41451933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415392","display_name":"Appendage","level":2,"score":0.45559999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776379591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118946","display_name":"Blood stasis","level":4,"score":0.41830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020000205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2412849","display_name":"Narrative review","level":2,"score":0.39719998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777615863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074839","display_name":"Left atrium","level":3,"score":0.36250001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984588014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q730675","display_name":"Quantitative assessment","level":2,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020200829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12202","display_name":"Stroke risk","level":4,"score":0.3206999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.31029999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.2985999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020199598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12202","display_name":"Ischemic stroke","level":3,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780868729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q261327","display_name":"Thrombosis","level":2,"score":0.29339998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779668873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693756","display_name":"Lower risk","level":3,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777185221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275466","display_name":"Embolism","level":2,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150241267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7336285","display_name":"Risk management tools","level":3,"score":0.27149999141693115}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595413687","display_name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","issn_l":"2297-055X","issn":["2297-055X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13680827","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13680827/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13680827/pdf/fcvm-13-1924120.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Cardiovasc Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42903262","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42903262","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a8c3b65c8c8846188256840fec7bae31","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a8c3b65c8c8846188256840fec7bae31","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Vol 13 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1924120/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595413687","display_name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","issn_l":"2297-055X","issn":["2297-055X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220747802.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220747802.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970176707","https://openalex.org/W2008858901","https://openalex.org/W2014679230","https://openalex.org/W2062827224","https://openalex.org/W2065068469","https://openalex.org/W2065328111","https://openalex.org/W2068722633","https://openalex.org/W2079588815","https://openalex.org/W2102345557","https://openalex.org/W2121767516","https://openalex.org/W2152623033","https://openalex.org/W2156390580","https://openalex.org/W2303874590","https://openalex.org/W2329740826","https://openalex.org/W2474414991","https://openalex.org/W2547585100","https://openalex.org/W2911717372","https://openalex.org/W2922577842","https://openalex.org/W2980348411","https://openalex.org/W3002402066","https://openalex.org/W3016238252","https://openalex.org/W3018564097","https://openalex.org/W3083993045","https://openalex.org/W3134348877","https://openalex.org/W3170514045","https://openalex.org/W4281853564","https://openalex.org/W4285388756","https://openalex.org/W4288809193","https://openalex.org/W4306873604","https://openalex.org/W4312018831","https://openalex.org/W4315435890","https://openalex.org/W4323352153","https://openalex.org/W4327857467","https://openalex.org/W4366463955","https://openalex.org/W4380090882","https://openalex.org/W4386456196","https://openalex.org/W4389166035","https://openalex.org/W4391146504","https://openalex.org/W4391487059","https://openalex.org/W4392094845","https://openalex.org/W4402049769","https://openalex.org/W4402656909","https://openalex.org/W4403891073","https://openalex.org/W4404442179","https://openalex.org/W4405572250","https://openalex.org/W4405838613","https://openalex.org/W4406691880","https://openalex.org/W4407402585","https://openalex.org/W4409191423","https://openalex.org/W4409241284","https://openalex.org/W4409459141","https://openalex.org/W4410508218","https://openalex.org/W4411272316","https://openalex.org/W4411384338","https://openalex.org/W4412099148","https://openalex.org/W4415357232","https://openalex.org/W7135198853","https://openalex.org/W7140317858"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2303874590","https://openalex.org/W2197738585","https://openalex.org/W4417146189","https://openalex.org/W2171445987","https://openalex.org/W4395044435","https://openalex.org/W4404292217","https://openalex.org/W2095403514","https://openalex.org/W2408012382","https://openalex.org/W2062827224","https://openalex.org/W4313585075"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"Traditional":[1],"CHA\u2082DS\u2082-VASc":[2],"scoring":[3],"has":[4],"well-recognized":[5],"limitations":[6],"in":[7,16,42,97,144],"thromboembolic":[8,189],"risk":[9,85,173,180,190,306],"assessment":[10,86,275],"for":[11,88,287],"atrial":[12,32],"fibrillation":[13],"(AF),":[14],"particularly":[15],"low-score":[17],"patients":[18],"who":[19],"nevertheless":[20],"thrombose,":[21],"high-score":[22],"event-free":[23],"individuals,":[24],"cancer":[25],"patients,":[26],"and":[27,45,50,76,80,99,115,131,147,168,196,235,252],"post-ablation":[28,201],"cohorts.":[29],"The":[30],"left":[31],"appendage":[33],"(LAA)":[34],"is":[35,181,313],"the":[36,171],"source":[37],"of":[38,40,101,107,310],"98%":[39],"thrombi":[41],"non-valvular":[43],"AF":[44,202],"exhibits":[46],"marked":[47],"inter-individual":[48],"morphological":[49,151,211,279],"hemodynamic":[51,253],"variability":[52],"that":[53],"traditional":[54,210],"scores":[55,302],"completely":[56],"ignore.":[57],"Aims":[58],"This":[59,293],"narrative":[60,137],"review":[61],"critically":[62],"evaluates":[63],"current":[64],"evidence":[65],"on":[66,267],"LAA":[67,111,150],"morphology,":[68,112],"hemodynamics,":[69,113],"computational":[70],"fluid":[71],"dynamics/fluid-structure":[72],"interaction":[73],"(CFD/FSI)":[74],"studies,":[75,123],"digital":[77],"twin":[78,134],"technology,":[79],"proposes":[81],"a":[82,256,260,272,296],"mechanism-driven,":[83,304],"individualized":[84,305],"framework":[87,276,294],"AF-related":[89],"thromboembolism.":[90,116],"Methods":[91],"A":[92,136],"literature":[93],"search":[94],"was":[95,118,139],"conducted":[96],"PubMed/MEDLINE":[98],"Web":[100],"Science":[102],"(1990\u2013May":[103],"2026)":[104],"using":[105],"combinations":[106],"keywords":[108],"related":[109],"to":[110,120,142],"AF,":[114],"Priority":[117],"given":[119],"landmark":[121],"original":[122],"high-quality":[124],"observational":[125],"studies":[126],"with":[127,155,159,184,217,259,281],"multivariable":[128],"adjustment,":[129],"meta-analyses,":[130],"contemporary":[132],"CFD/digital":[133],"studies.":[135],"synthesis":[138],"adopted":[140],"owing":[141],"heterogeneity":[143],"study":[145],"designs":[146],"outcomes.":[148],"Results":[149],"subtypes":[152],"are":[153,238],"associated":[154],"long-term":[156],"stroke":[157,233],"risk,":[158],"chicken-wing":[160,185],"being":[161],"protective":[162],"(OR":[163,174,191,204],"0.21,":[164],"95%":[165,176,193,206],"CI":[166,177,194,207],"0.05\u20130.91)":[167],"cauliflower":[169],"carrying":[170],"highest":[172],"8.02,":[175],"0.92\u201327.86).":[178],"However,":[179],"highly":[182],"context-dependent,":[183],"unexpectedly":[186],"increasing":[187],"peri-ablation":[188],"7.2,":[192],"1.35\u201338.33)":[195],"windsock":[197],"morphology":[198],"independently":[199],"predicting":[200],"recurrence":[203],"2.72,":[205],"1.21\u20136.12).":[208],"Importantly,":[209],"classification":[212,280],"does":[213],"not":[214],"correlate":[215],"directly":[216],"blood":[218],"stasis":[219],"(":[220],"p":[221],"=":[222,244],"0.365),":[223],"whereas":[224],"quantitative":[225],"geometric":[226],"parameters":[227],"such":[228],"as":[229],"trabecular":[230],"number,":[231],"normalized":[232],"volume,":[234],"ostial":[236],"area":[237],"far":[239],"more":[240],"sensitive":[241],"predictors":[242],"(R\u00b2":[243],"74%).":[245],"Digital":[246],"twins":[247],"integrating":[248],"multimodal":[249,282],"clinical,":[250],"morphological,":[251],"data":[254],"identify":[255],"high-risk":[257],"phenogroup":[258],"70%":[261],"thrombus":[262],"history":[263],"rate.":[264],"Conclusion":[265],"Based":[266],"these":[268],"findings,":[269],"we":[270],"propose":[271],"practical":[273],"two-tier":[274],"combining":[277],"basic":[278],"refined":[283],"evaluation":[284],"(digital":[285],"twin)":[286],"intermediate-/high-risk":[288],"or":[289],"clinically":[290],"challenging":[291],"cases.":[292],"represents":[295],"paradigm":[297],"shift":[298],"from":[299],"static":[300],"clinical":[301],"toward":[303],"management.":[307],"Prospective":[308],"validation":[309],"this":[311],"approach":[312],"now":[314],"warranted.":[315]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00"}