{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220720451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70940","title":"Oral contraceptive use and anterior cruciate ligament injury or reconstruction in women: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of very low\u2010certainty evidence","display_name":"Oral contraceptive use and anterior cruciate ligament injury or reconstruction in women: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of very low\u2010certainty evidence","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220720451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70940","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42840850","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13641180"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/jeo2.70940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70940","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70940","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/jeo2.70940","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738219336","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","issn_l":"2197-1153","issn":["2197-1153"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/jeo2.70940","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137384841","display_name":"Eiki Nicholas Kobayashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6178-523X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6178-523X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112182","display_name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas da Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/01z6qpb13","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112182"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eiki Nicholas Kobayashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas da Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6178-523X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas da Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157733486","display_name":"Natalia Zampa Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0107-2494","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0107-2494"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112182","display_name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas da Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/01z6qpb13","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112182"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natalia Zampa Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas da Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0107-2494","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas da Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112578086","display_name":"Luis S\u00e9rgio Fonseca de Azevedo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7120-3122","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7120-3122"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087270","display_name":"Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/003nnep52","country_code":"BR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087270"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Amaral Coelho de Azevedo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7120-3122","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087270"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157724564","display_name":"Maria Eug\u00eania Cammarota de Abreu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4439-4726","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4439-4726"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98466806","display_name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/00sfmx060","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98466806"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Eug\u00eania Cammarota de Abreu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas e da Sa\u00fade Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica de S\u00e3o Paulo, Sorocaba S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4439-4726","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas e da Sa\u00fade Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica de S\u00e3o Paulo, Sorocaba S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98466806"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048251095","display_name":"Juliano Mangini Dias Malpaga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9919-0665","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9919-0665"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087270","display_name":"Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/003nnep52","country_code":"BR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087270"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juliano Mangini Dias Malpaga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9919-0665","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087270"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023528705","display_name":"Diego Escudeiro de Oliveira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7221-6711","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7221-6711"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087270","display_name":"Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/003nnep52","country_code":"BR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087270"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego Escudeiro de Oliveira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7221-6711","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087270"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058625452","display_name":"Pedro Baches Jorge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4444-4004","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4444-4004","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5340-3207"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087270","display_name":"Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/003nnep52","country_code":"BR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087270"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112182","display_name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas da Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/01z6qpb13","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112182"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Baches Jorge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil","Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas da Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4444-4004","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087270"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas da Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112182"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5137384841"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112182"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61209266,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"e70940","last_page":"e70940"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10442","display_name":"Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10442","display_name":"Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10600","display_name":"Reproductive Health and Contraception","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11246","display_name":"Sports injuries and prevention","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-contraceptives","display_name":"oral contraceptives","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anterior-cruciate-ligament-injury","display_name":"anterior cruciate ligament injury","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anterior-cruciate-ligament-reconstruction","display_name":"anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women","display_name":"women","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sports-injuries","display_name":"sports injuries","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injury-prevention","display_name":"injury prevention","score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual-confounding","display_name":"residual confounding","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneity","display_name":"heterogeneity","score":0.5759999752044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778434673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q611127","display_name":"Anterior cruciate ligament","level":2,"score":0.7556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780887989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771338","display_name":"Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction","level":3,"score":0.6014000177383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.5766000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.5388000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.5274999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.5102999806404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.48890000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611","display_name":"Relative risk","level":3,"score":0.4726000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781170992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18912826","display_name":"ACL injury","level":3,"score":0.4668999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.42179998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3431999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.3377000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19648533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691640","display_name":"Evidence-based medicine","level":3,"score":0.33390000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.30730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.2924000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187960798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7631152","display_name":"Subgroup analysis","level":3,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777286243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591926","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43893838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840545","display_name":"Sports medicine","level":2,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.2678000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518429986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964401","display_name":"Fertility","level":3,"score":0.2651999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131872663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5284418","display_name":"Obstetrics","level":1,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29456083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221899","display_name":"Gynecology","level":1,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779076696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1280670","display_name":"Family planning","level":4,"score":0.2619999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/jeo2.70940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70940","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70940","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/jeo2.70940","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738219336","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","issn_l":"2197-1153","issn":["2197-1153"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42840850","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42840850","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of experimental orthopaedics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13641180","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13641180/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Exp Orthop","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/jeo2.70940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70940","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70940","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/jeo2.70940","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738219336","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","issn_l":"2197-1153","issn":["2197-1153"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis","display_name":"Meta-Analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220720451.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220720451.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1902673145","https://openalex.org/W1924347293","https://openalex.org/W1997805213","https://openalex.org/W2013570510","https://openalex.org/W2026838853","https://openalex.org/W2037861466","https://openalex.org/W2038324400","https://openalex.org/W2070351304","https://openalex.org/W2108887345","https://openalex.org/W2124647884","https://openalex.org/W2132797493","https://openalex.org/W2132989345","https://openalex.org/W2165010366","https://openalex.org/W2167543385","https://openalex.org/W2168570652","https://openalex.org/W2254634255","https://openalex.org/W2736811197","https://openalex.org/W2807861602","https://openalex.org/W2923133551","https://openalex.org/W2923702217","https://openalex.org/W3093026509","https://openalex.org/W4310013910","https://openalex.org/W4377970855","https://openalex.org/W4393132304","https://openalex.org/W4407739939","https://openalex.org/W7152694166","https://openalex.org/W7170295252"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2254634255","https://openalex.org/W4400023132","https://openalex.org/W2762374931","https://openalex.org/W2132989345","https://openalex.org/W2473920112","https://openalex.org/W4407739939","https://openalex.org/W7152694166","https://openalex.org/W2624657061","https://openalex.org/W3041197982","https://openalex.org/W4310013910"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Purpose":[1],"To":[2],"determine":[3],"whether":[4,22],"oral":[5,216,249],"contraceptive":[6,28,217],"use":[7,32,218],"is":[8],"associated":[9],"with":[10,57,90,100,111,260],"anterior":[11,220,252],"cruciate":[12,221,253],"ligament":[13,222,254],"injury":[14,84,255],"or":[15,74,81,206,224,247],"reconstruction":[16,80,223],"in":[17,104],"women":[18],"and":[19,33,40,43,109,117,157,219,232,263],"to":[20,26],"examine":[21],"associations":[23],"vary":[24],"according":[25],"age,":[27],"formulation,":[29],"duration":[30],"of":[31,96,102,107,113,197,236,269,275],"outcome":[34,264],"definition.":[35],"Methods":[36],"PubMed,":[37],"Scopus,":[38],"Embase":[39],"Latin":[41],"American":[42],"Caribbean":[44],"Health":[45],"Sciences":[46],"Literature":[47],"(LILACS)":[48],"were":[49,67,122,125,193],"searched":[50],"through":[51],"31":[52],"July":[53],"2026":[54],"(LILACS":[55],"rerun":[56],"multilingual":[58],"terms":[59],"on":[60],"16":[61],"September":[62],"2026).":[63],"Comparative":[64],"observational":[65,276],"studies":[66,106,121,156,259],"meta\u2010analysed.":[68,126],"The":[69,127,195,203],"primary":[70,128,204],"analysis":[71,129,208],"pooled":[72],"adjusted":[73,205],"matched":[75,207],"odds":[76],"ratios":[77],"(ORs)":[78],"for":[79,251],"operatively":[82,225],"treated":[83,226],"using":[85],"random\u2010effects":[86],"restricted":[87],"maximum\u2010likelihood":[88],"models":[89],"Hartung\u2013Knapp\u2013Sidik\u2013Jonkman":[91],"confidence":[92],"intervals":[93],"(CIs).":[94],"Risk":[95],"bias":[97,103],"was":[98,199],"assessed":[99],"risk":[101],"nonrandomised":[105],"exposures":[108],"certainty":[110,196,235],"grading":[112],"recommendations":[114],"assessment,":[115],"development":[116],"evaluation.":[118],"Results":[119],"Ten":[120],"included;":[123],"seven":[124],"(four":[130],"studies)":[131],"showed":[132],"no":[133],"clear":[134,213],"association":[135,214],"(OR,":[136],"0.89;":[137],"95%":[138,149,164,187],"CI,":[139,165,181],"0.77\u20131.02;":[140],"I":[141,183],"2":[142,146,184],"=":[143,147,185],"84%;":[144],"\u03c4":[145],"0.01;":[148],"prediction":[150,188],"interval,":[151,189],"0.66\u20131.19).":[152],"Two":[153],"crude":[154,174],"athlete":[155],"the":[158],"active\u2010comparator":[159],"cohort":[160],"(hazard":[161],"ratio,":[162],"0.95;":[163],"0.89\u20131.01)":[166],"also":[167],"had":[168],"CIs":[169],"including":[170],"1.":[171],"Adding":[172],"one":[173],"database":[175],"estimate":[176],"yielded":[177],"OR":[178],"0.85":[179],"(95%":[180],"0.74\u20130.98;":[182],"90%;":[186],"0.61\u20131.19).":[190],"Leave\u2010one\u2010out":[191],"results":[192],"unstable.":[194],"evidence":[198,237,242],"very":[200,233],"low.":[201],"Conclusions":[202],"did":[209],"not":[210,244],"establish":[211],"a":[212],"between":[215],"injury;":[227],"substantial":[228],"heterogeneity,":[229],"residual":[230],"confounding":[231],"low":[234],"preclude":[238],"causal":[239],"interpretation.":[240],"Current":[241],"does":[243],"support":[245],"initiating":[246],"selecting":[248],"contraceptives":[250],"prevention.":[256],"Well\u2010designed":[257],"prospective":[258],"standardised":[261],"exposure":[262],"definitions":[265],"are":[266],"needed.":[267],"Level":[268,271],"Evidence":[270],"IV,":[272],"systematic":[273],"review":[274],"studies.":[277]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00"}