{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220715035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2025-0288","title":"Evaluation of Posidonia oceanica -based activated carbon as a carrier matrix for Econea in self-polishing antifouling paints","display_name":"Evaluation of Posidonia oceanica -based activated carbon as a carrier matrix for Econea in self-polishing antifouling paints","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220715035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2025-0288"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/chem-2025-0288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2025-0288","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2025-0288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210229753","display_name":"Open Chemistry","issn_l":"2391-5420","issn":["2391-5420"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2025-0288","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032555072","display_name":"Ye\u015fim Y\u0131lmaz Abe\u015fka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8105-921X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8105-921X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193615760","display_name":"Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dbd8b73","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193615760"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yesim Y\u0131lmaz-Abeska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry , The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences , Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University , Main Campus, 35390 , \u0130zmir , T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8105-921X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry , The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences , Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University , Main Campus, 35390 , \u0130zmir , T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193615760"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005593248","display_name":"Levent \u00c7ava\u015f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2136-6928","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2136-6928"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193615760","display_name":"Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dbd8b73","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193615760"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Levent Cavas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University , Main Campus, 35390 , \u0130zmir , T\u00fcrkiye","Department of Chemistry , The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences , Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University , Main Campus, 35390 , \u0130zmir , T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2136-6928","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University , Main Campus, 35390 , \u0130zmir , T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193615760"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry , The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences , Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University , Main Campus, 35390 , \u0130zmir , T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193615760"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193615760"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1808},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1808},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73915762,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12071","display_name":"Marine Biology and Environmental Chemistry","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12071","display_name":"Marine Biology and Environmental Chemistry","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10016","display_name":"Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10859","display_name":"Polymer Surface Interaction Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/posidonia-oceanica","display_name":"Posidonia oceanica","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activated-carbon","display_name":"activated carbon","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adsorption-isotherms","display_name":"adsorption isotherms","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/freundlich-isotherm","display_name":"Freundlich isotherm","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaching","display_name":"leaching","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-risk-assessment","display_name":"environmental risk assessment","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biofouling-inhibition","display_name":"biofouling inhibition","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marine-antifouling","display_name":"marine antifouling","score":0.6010000109672546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780687703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q544137","display_name":"Posidonia oceanica","level":4,"score":0.9456999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197471484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864939","display_name":"Biocide","level":2,"score":0.9057000279426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6047279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1439821","display_name":"Biofouling","level":3,"score":0.862500011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777400808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q646660","display_name":"Seagrass","level":3,"score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150394285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254","display_name":"Adsorption","level":2,"score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779647737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190878","display_name":"Activated carbon","level":3,"score":0.5335999727249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115792997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1439803","display_name":"Fouling","level":3,"score":0.52920001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90982505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16938886","display_name":"Leaching (pedology)","level":3,"score":0.5030999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.45669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779251873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80294","display_name":"Cellulose","level":2,"score":0.43880000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.42239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83042747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q686881","display_name":"Benthic zone","level":2,"score":0.3849000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777844968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220672","display_name":"Benzotriazole","level":2,"score":0.3634999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112825004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1924292","display_name":"Freundlich equation","level":3,"score":0.3084999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778600644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156233","display_name":"Potamogetonaceae","level":4,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175327387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3289906","display_name":"Aquatic ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.29010000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2187297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Viscose","level":2,"score":0.28519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94061648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336191","display_name":"Wastewater","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1515/chem-2025-0288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2025-0288","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2025-0288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210229753","display_name":"Open Chemistry","issn_l":"2391-5420","issn":["2391-5420"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8de6fe931d664dc5a4bdbd0b643eceb6","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8de6fe931d664dc5a4bdbd0b643eceb6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Open Chemistry, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 91-8 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/chem-2025-0288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2025-0288","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2025-0288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210229753","display_name":"Open Chemistry","issn_l":"2391-5420","issn":["2391-5420"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":1.0,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":1.0,"display_name":"Life below water"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.6618000268936157,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46762800","https://openalex.org/W91594966","https://openalex.org/W1964995897","https://openalex.org/W2004339196","https://openalex.org/W2008561968","https://openalex.org/W2009744682","https://openalex.org/W2014584198","https://openalex.org/W2024055584","https://openalex.org/W2027624111","https://openalex.org/W2028266609","https://openalex.org/W2043422701","https://openalex.org/W2063084254","https://openalex.org/W2065331504","https://openalex.org/W2066396235","https://openalex.org/W2068717435","https://openalex.org/W2070499733","https://openalex.org/W2085336091","https://openalex.org/W2089852020","https://openalex.org/W2090352700","https://openalex.org/W2094194945","https://openalex.org/W2104058757","https://openalex.org/W2113452346","https://openalex.org/W2120470250","https://openalex.org/W2124592910","https://openalex.org/W2166742043","https://openalex.org/W2167431158","https://openalex.org/W2300474821","https://openalex.org/W2314104404","https://openalex.org/W2317669098","https://openalex.org/W2324922510","https://openalex.org/W2337820449","https://openalex.org/W2770924501","https://openalex.org/W2775149888","https://openalex.org/W2997066356","https://openalex.org/W3082969248","https://openalex.org/W3095115318","https://openalex.org/W3118579992","https://openalex.org/W4220913209","https://openalex.org/W4225313251","https://openalex.org/W4225713240","https://openalex.org/W4379376357","https://openalex.org/W4381429086","https://openalex.org/W4385898470","https://openalex.org/W4386780425","https://openalex.org/W4387258996","https://openalex.org/W4391830702","https://openalex.org/W4393282625","https://openalex.org/W4394842765","https://openalex.org/W4399559339","https://openalex.org/W4399955374","https://openalex.org/W4400379300","https://openalex.org/W4400748645","https://openalex.org/W4400888768","https://openalex.org/W4404561992","https://openalex.org/W4404961075","https://openalex.org/W4405727756","https://openalex.org/W4413052735","https://openalex.org/W4415828708","https://openalex.org/W4415948788","https://openalex.org/W4417411002","https://openalex.org/W7119694021","https://openalex.org/W7125791128","https://openalex.org/W7131856328","https://openalex.org/W7141113445"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4304003190","https://openalex.org/W2894634766","https://openalex.org/W7036430583","https://openalex.org/W3160137909","https://openalex.org/W2769933574","https://openalex.org/W3212871838","https://openalex.org/W4286213142","https://openalex.org/W7045467282","https://openalex.org/W51784682","https://openalex.org/W2051672826"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Biocides":[1],"in":[2,167],"antifouling":[3,208],"paints":[4],"prevent":[5],"marine":[6,199],"organisms":[7],"from":[8,36],"attaching":[9],"to":[10],"boat":[11],"surfaces;":[12],"however,":[13],"because":[14],"they":[15,20,162],"can":[16],"harm":[17],"aquatic":[18],"life,":[19],"are":[21],"strictly":[22],"regulated.":[23],"This":[24,53,130],"study":[25],"presents":[26],"a":[27,42,188,211],"novel,":[28],"eco-friendly":[29],"approach":[30,54],"using":[31],"biomass-derived":[32],"activated":[33],"carbon":[34],"(AC)":[35],"waste":[37,186],"Posidonia":[38],"oceanica":[39,92,102],"seagrass":[40,185],"as":[41],"carrier":[43,214],"matrix":[44],"for":[45,82,90],"the":[46,50,67,134,168,193],"controlled":[47],"release":[48,97,194],"of":[49,112,195],"biocide":[51,64,106],"econea.":[52],"was":[55],"compared":[56],"with":[57],"commercial":[58,83,135],"AC.":[59],"Adsorption":[60],"isotherms":[61],"confirmed":[62,177],"that":[63,100],"uptake":[65],"follows":[66],"Freundlich":[68],"model,":[69],"indicating":[70],"favorable":[71],"multilayer":[72],"adsorption":[73],"on":[74],"heterogeneous":[75],"surfaces":[76],"(":[77],"R":[78,86],"2":[79,87,118,143],"=":[80,88],"0.975":[81],"AC":[84,103,136],"and":[85,115,125,140],"0.962":[89],"P.":[91,101],"AC).":[93],"ISO":[94],"15181-based":[95],"45-day":[96,172],"tests":[98],"demonstrated":[99],"effectively":[104],"regulated":[105],"kinetics,":[107],"yielding":[108],"average":[109],"leaching":[110],"rates":[111],"0.080,":[113],"0.120,":[114],"0.350":[116],"\u03bcg/cm":[117,142],"/day":[119],"at":[120],"4":[121],"%,":[122,124],"10":[123],"45":[126],"%":[127],"loadings":[128],"respectively.":[129],"outperformed":[131],"or":[132],"matched":[133],"results":[137],"(0.092,":[138],"0.188,":[139],"0.295":[141],"/day).":[144],"The":[145],"Environmental":[146],"Risk":[147],"Assessment":[148],"revealed":[149],"that,":[150],"while":[151,205],"risk":[152],"characterization":[153],"ratio":[154],"(RCR)":[155],"values":[156],"exceeded":[157],"1":[158,166],"within":[159],"enclosed":[160],"marinas,":[161],"remained":[163],"safely":[164],"below":[165],"surrounding":[169],"open":[170],"waters.":[171],"Aegean":[173],"Sea":[174],"field":[175],"trials":[176],"effective":[178],"biofouling":[179],"inhibition.":[180],"In":[181],"practice,":[182],"utilizing":[183],"endemic":[184],"provides":[187],"dual":[189],"solution:":[190],"it":[191],"controls":[192],"toxic":[196],"biocides":[197],"into":[198],"ecosystems":[200],"thereby":[201],"satisfying":[202],"regulatory":[203],"standards,":[204],"delivering":[206],"long-term":[207],"efficacy":[209],"via":[210],"sustainable,":[212],"cost-effective":[213],"matrix.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-15T10:00:46.086208","created_date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00"}
