{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220664946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofag637","title":"Incidence and Predictors of QTC Prolongation Among Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients Receiving Bedaquiline-Based TB Regimens in Uganda: A Countrywide Retrospective Cohort Study","display_name":"Incidence and Predictors of QTC Prolongation Among Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients Receiving Bedaquiline-Based TB Regimens in Uganda: A Countrywide Retrospective Cohort Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220664946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofag637","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42898576","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13678221"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ofid/ofag637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofag637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofag637","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735126445","display_name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"2328-8957","issn":["2328-8957"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofag637","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033249386","display_name":"Marble Nasasira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1785-2499","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1785-2499"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marble Nasasira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Child and Family Foundation , Kampala ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1785-2499","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Child and Family Foundation , Kampala ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001536593","display_name":"Kevin Ouma Ojiambo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4257-3926","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4257-3926"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092895","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/00hy3gq97","country_code":"UG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092895"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72227227","display_name":"Makerere University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dmz0111","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Ouma Ojiambo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Epidemiology Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University , Kampala ,","Uganda Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health , Kampala ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4257-3926","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Epidemiology Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University , Kampala ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Uganda Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health , Kampala ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061078420","display_name":"Daniel Iraguha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260424","display_name":"Uganda Heart Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03r08g441","country_code":"UG","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800872281","https://openalex.org/I4210092895","https://openalex.org/I4405260424"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Iraguha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Adult Cardiology, Uganda Heart Institute , Kampala ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Adult Cardiology, Uganda Heart Institute , Kampala ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014635530","display_name":"Joseph Baruch Baluku","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5852-9674","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5852-9674"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72227227","display_name":"Makerere University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dmz0111","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Baruch Baluku","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pulmonology, Kiruddu National Referral Hospital , Kampala ,","Makerere University Lung Institute , Kampala ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5852-9674","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pulmonology, Kiruddu National Referral Hospital , Kampala ,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Makerere University Lung Institute , Kampala ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014635530","https://openalex.org/A5033249386"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"],"apc_list":{"value":4053,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4053},"apc_paid":{"value":4053,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4053},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75282101,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"10","first_page":"ofag637","last_page":"ofag637"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11381","display_name":"Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10217","display_name":"Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qtc-prolongation","display_name":"QTc prolongation","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-resistant-tuberculosis","display_name":"drug-resistant tuberculosis","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bedaquiline","display_name":"bedaquiline","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-mass-index","display_name":"body mass index","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecg-monitoring","display_name":"ECG monitoring","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-outcomes","display_name":"treatment outcomes","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-coinfection","display_name":"HIV coinfection","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uganda","display_name":"Uganda","score":0.7409999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9541000127792358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118441451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12074763","display_name":"QT interval","level":2,"score":0.9175000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.7659000158309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.7125999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.586899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73269764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954529","display_name":"Poisson regression","level":3,"score":0.5719000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.5512999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.43810001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195910791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Medical record","level":2,"score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.3862999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.3237000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.29159998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.2888000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780040984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79785","display_name":"Electrocardiography","level":2,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777672339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7249641","display_name":"Prolongation","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780544761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1257318","display_name":"Bedaquiline","level":4,"score":0.2574000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780486423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1625433","display_name":"Torsades de pointes","level":3,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.2506999969482422}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ofid/ofag637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofag637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofag637","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735126445","display_name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"2328-8957","issn":["2328-8957"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13678221","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13678221/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13678221/pdf/ofag637.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Forum Infect Dis","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42898576","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42898576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open forum infectious diseases","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ofid/ofag637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofag637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofag637","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735126445","display_name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"2328-8957","issn":["2328-8957"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319990","display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0187kwz08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320234","display_name":"Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","ror":"https://ror.org/03zhs2308"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220664946.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220664946.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2071808384","https://openalex.org/W2122797777","https://openalex.org/W2153941399","https://openalex.org/W2161004893","https://openalex.org/W2163118714","https://openalex.org/W2262666571","https://openalex.org/W2787065904","https://openalex.org/W2980791815","https://openalex.org/W3013976539","https://openalex.org/W3133310168","https://openalex.org/W3161316134","https://openalex.org/W3175881525","https://openalex.org/W3191327872","https://openalex.org/W3207719466","https://openalex.org/W4308187189","https://openalex.org/W4308590004","https://openalex.org/W4311426066","https://openalex.org/W4311674987","https://openalex.org/W4384819695","https://openalex.org/W4390507985","https://openalex.org/W4405219434"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4402423592","https://openalex.org/W3191327872","https://openalex.org/W3175881525","https://openalex.org/W4396569569","https://openalex.org/W7125499312","https://openalex.org/W4301396118","https://openalex.org/W4412732941","https://openalex.org/W4238026595","https://openalex.org/W3154622831","https://openalex.org/W3013976539"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"Bedaquiline":[2],"improves":[3],"culture":[4],"conversion":[5],"in":[6,43],"drug-resistant":[7],"tuberculosis":[8],"(DR-TB)":[9],"treatment;":[10],"its":[11],"main":[12],"safety":[13],"concern":[14],"is":[15],"QTc":[16,33,75,87,99,131,150,182,193,211,237],"prolongation,":[17,88],"particularly":[18],"when":[19],"combined":[20],"with":[21,81,125,136,190,233],"other":[22],"anti-TB":[23],"drugs.":[24],"This":[25],"study":[26,51],"assessed":[27],"the":[28],"incidence":[29,148,166],"and":[30,74,121,191],"predictors":[31,97],"of":[32,98,109,142,149,181,206,210,219],"prolongation":[34,151,212,238],"among":[35,188,231],"DR-TB":[36,57],"patients":[37,189,232],"receiving":[38],"bedaquiline":[39],"under":[40],"programmatic":[41],"conditions":[42],"Uganda.":[44],"Methods":[45],"We":[46],"conducted":[47],"a":[48,137],"retrospective":[49],"cohort":[50],"using":[52],"medical":[53],"records":[54],"from":[55,105],"14":[56],"treatment":[58,72,244],"sites":[59],"across":[60],"Uganda":[61],"(January":[62],"2017\u2013December":[63],"2022).":[64],"Data":[65,102],"on":[66],"demographics,":[67],"clinical":[68],"characteristics,":[69],"bedaquiline-based":[70],"regimens,":[71],"duration,":[73],"intervals":[76],"were":[77,84,103,111,123],"collected.":[78],"Incidence":[79],"rates":[80],"95%":[82,171],"CIs":[83],"calculated":[85],"for":[86,215],"while":[89],"modified":[90],"Poisson":[91],"regression":[92],"was":[93,117,132,152,186,213,239],"used":[94],"to":[95,242],"identify":[96],"prolongation.":[100,183],"Results":[101],"abstracted":[104],"532":[106],"patients,":[107],"70.9%":[108],"whom":[110],"male.":[112],"The":[113,127,146,223],"mean":[114,129],"(SD)":[115,130],"age":[116],"41.4":[118],"(15.9)":[119],"years,":[120],"34.6%":[122],"coinfected":[124],"HIV.":[126],"baseline":[128,235],"426.8":[133],"(28.4)":[134],"ms,":[135],"median":[138],"follow-up":[139],"(interquartile":[140],"range)":[141],"10.3":[143],"(7.2\u201313.5)":[144],"months.":[145],"overall":[147],"12.0":[153],"cases":[154,209],"per":[155],"1000":[156,217],"person-months":[157,218],"(95%":[158],"CI,":[159,172],"10.8\u201316.8).":[160],"Lower":[161],"body":[162],"mass":[163],"index":[164],"(BMI;":[165],"rate":[167],"ratio":[168],"[IRR],":[169],"0.924;":[170],"0.860;":[173],"IRR,":[174],"0.993;":[175],"P":[176,200],"=":[177,201],".031)":[178],"increased":[179],"risk":[180],"Treatment":[184],"success":[185],"similar":[187],"without":[192],"prolongation:":[194],"73.9%":[195],"(51/69)":[196],"vs":[197],"68.3%":[198],"(316/463);":[199],".873.":[202],"Conclusions":[203],"An":[204],"average":[205],"12":[207],"new":[208],"observed":[214],"every":[216],"accumulated":[220],"observation":[221],"time.":[222],"recommended":[224],"monthly":[225],"electrocardiogram":[226],"monitoring":[227],"should":[228],"be":[229],"emphasized":[230],"low":[234],"BMI.":[236],"not":[240],"linked":[241],"poor":[243],"outcomes.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00"}
