{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220642192","doi":null,"title":"Assessing the Cognitive Load of Faculty Members in Online Exam Marking at the Virtual University of Pakistan","display_name":"Assessing the Cognitive Load of Faculty Members in Online Exam Marking at the Virtual University of Pakistan","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220642192"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:aiou_ojs.localhost:article/3382","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ojs.aiou.edu.pk/index.php/jelm/article/view/3382","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aiou.edu.pk/index.php/jelm/article/download/3382/2490","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407079302","display_name":"JELM","issn_l":"2709-1236","issn":["2709-1236","2709-1244"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319277","host_organization_name":"Allama Iqbal Open University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Allama Iqbal Open University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2709-1244","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ojs.aiou.edu.pk/index.php/jelm/article/download/3382/2490","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003160902","display_name":"Rahat Yasmeen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5557-7833","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5557-7833"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160968435","display_name":"University of Sargodha","ror":"https://ror.org/0086rpr26","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160968435"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasmeen, Dr Rahat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Education, University of Sargodha"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Education, University of Sargodha","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160968435"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157451273","display_name":"Dr Munawwar Ahmed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79571142","display_name":"Virtual University of Pakistan","ror":"https://ror.org/00ya1zd25","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79571142"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed, Dr Munawwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["lecturer Education, Virtual University of Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"lecturer Education, Virtual University of Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79571142"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046955010","display_name":"Sehrish Naseer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118501908","display_name":"National Research University Higher School of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/055f7t516","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naseer, Dr. Sehrish","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research University Higher School of Economics, Russian Federation"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research University Higher School of Economics, Russian Federation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.5644999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.5644999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.0940999984741211,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14025","display_name":"Educational Technology and Assessment","score":0.04580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-load","display_name":"cognitive load","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/faculty-workload","display_name":"faculty workload","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-load-theory","display_name":"cognitive load theory","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrinsic-cognitive-load","display_name":"intrinsic cognitive load","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extraneous-cognitive-load","display_name":"extraneous cognitive load","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/germane-cognitive-load","display_name":"germane cognitive load","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-assessment","display_name":"online assessment","score":0.5389999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.6463000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777286243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591926","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6384999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5878999829292297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61641136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107019","display_name":"Cognitive load","level":3,"score":0.5813999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.5691999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100521375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015382","display_name":"Competence (human resources)","level":2,"score":0.5476999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.536300003528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.5288000106811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.45190000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.4108999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018587665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268696","display_name":"Qualitative analysis","level":3,"score":0.3684000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65067816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2295139","display_name":"Computer-assisted web interviewing","level":2,"score":0.31839999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778573382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1038075","display_name":"Cognitive apprenticeship","level":2,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.2653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.2653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205333247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1602656","display_name":"Self-assessment","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780656832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796573","display_name":"Online discussion","level":2,"score":0.2549000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166235249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355217","display_name":"Time management","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:aiou_ojs.localhost:article/3382","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ojs.aiou.edu.pk/index.php/jelm/article/view/3382","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aiou.edu.pk/index.php/jelm/article/download/3382/2490","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407079302","display_name":"JELM","issn_l":"2709-1236","issn":["2709-1236","2709-1244"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319277","host_organization_name":"Allama Iqbal Open University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Allama Iqbal Open University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2709-1244","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:aiou_ojs.localhost:article/3382","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ojs.aiou.edu.pk/index.php/jelm/article/view/3382","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aiou.edu.pk/index.php/jelm/article/download/3382/2490","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407079302","display_name":"JELM","issn_l":"2709-1236","issn":["2709-1236","2709-1244"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319277","host_organization_name":"Allama Iqbal Open University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Allama Iqbal Open University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2709-1244","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8278999924659729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220642192.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220642192.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6944871983","https://openalex.org/W2782782382","https://openalex.org/W4399423053","https://openalex.org/W7120589698","https://openalex.org/W7203491539","https://openalex.org/W4308857756","https://openalex.org/W4226427849","https://openalex.org/W6887925794","https://openalex.org/W3095612339","https://openalex.org/W7161286612"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,104],"aimed":[2],"to":[3,55,69,145,184],"check":[4],"the":[5,7,19,102,186],"investigates":[6],"cognitive":[8,113],"load":[9],"experienced":[10,74],"by":[11,85,198],"faculty":[12,63,75,191],"members":[13,76],"during":[14,117],"online":[15,118,167,193],"exam":[16,121,171],"marking":[17,168,202],"at":[18],"Virtual":[20],"University":[21],"of":[22,101,109,120,170,190,200],"Pakistan.":[23],"The":[24,80,99,136],"current":[25,43,103],"research":[26],"followed":[27],"Cognitive":[28],"Load":[29],"Theory":[30],"(CLT)":[31],"as":[32],"a":[33],"guiding":[34],"framework.":[35],"Sequential":[36],"explanatory":[37],"mixed-method":[38],"design":[39],"was":[40,53,143,164,181],"employed":[41],"in":[42,134,192],"research.":[44],"Structured":[45],"questionnaire":[46],"measuring":[47],"intrinsic,":[48],"extraneous":[49],"and":[50,87,90,114,132,141,152,177,188,214],"Germane":[51],"burden":[52],"used":[54,68,94],"collect":[56],"data":[57,71,82,97],"for":[58,77,95],"quantitative":[59,81],"phase":[60],"from":[61,72],"47":[62],"members.":[64],"Semi-structured":[65],"interviews":[66],"were":[67,83,93],"gather":[70],"15":[73],"qualitative":[78,96],"phase.":[79],"analyzed":[84],"descriptive":[86],"inferential":[88],"statistics":[89],"thematic":[91],"analysis":[92],"analysis.":[98],"results":[100],"showed":[105],"that":[106,166,183],"over":[107],"70%":[108],"respondents":[110],"observed":[111],"considerable":[112],"organizational":[115,148],"loads":[116],"grading":[119,206],"because":[122],"while":[123],"examining":[124],"critical":[125],"or":[126],"long":[127],"responses":[128,158],"required":[129],"more":[130],"attention":[131],"efforts":[133],"reporting.":[135],"other":[137],"reasons":[138],"behind":[139],"strain":[140],"exhaustion":[142],"bound":[144],"answer":[146],"keys,":[147],"workload,":[149],"time":[150,154],"pressure":[151],"fixed":[153],"limit.":[155],"While":[156],"well-structured":[157],"created":[159],"satisfaction":[160],"among":[161],"faculty.":[162],"It":[163,180],"concluded":[165],"burdens":[169],"is":[172],"multi-dimensional":[173],"including":[174],"technological,":[175],"mental":[176],"temporal":[178],"elements.":[179],"recommended":[182],"increase":[185],"competence":[187],"accurateness":[189],"assessment":[194],"may":[195],"be":[196],"increased":[197],"use":[199],"AI-assisted":[201],"tools,":[203],"less":[204],"rigid":[205],"schedules,":[207],"good":[208],"digital":[209],"interfaces,":[210],"conducting":[211],"training":[212],"workshops":[213],"managing":[215],"workload.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00"}