{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220452122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71207/ijas.v7i26.2750","title":"Administrative and financial corruption and its economic and social effects, with a focus on Iraq","display_name":"Administrative and financial corruption and its economic and social effects, with a focus on Iraq","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220452122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71207/ijas.v7i26.2750"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.journals.uokerbala.edu.iq:article/2750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71207/ijas.v7i26.2750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/index/article/view/2750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406964778","display_name":"Iraqi Journal for Administrative Sciences","issn_l":"1818-1074","issn":["1818-1074","2958-6941"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210142005","host_organization_name":"University of Kerbala","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1818-1074","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/index/article/view/2750","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157421512","display_name":"\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0631","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0631","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030136988","display_name":"\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645\u064a","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645\u064a","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157493928","display_name":"Ahmed Hussein Jabr","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Hussein Jabr","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6197278,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11257","display_name":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/administrative-corruption","display_name":"administrative corruption","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-corruption","display_name":"financial corruption","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iraq","display_name":"Iraq","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-corruption","display_name":"anti-corruption","score":0.597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/governance-quality","display_name":"governance quality","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-effects-of-corruption","display_name":"economic effects of corruption","score":0.7919999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6571999788284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780027415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524648","display_name":"Language change","level":2,"score":0.5476999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4611000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4507000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.326200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.31029999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2784000039100647}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.journals.uokerbala.edu.iq:article/2750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71207/ijas.v7i26.2750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/index/article/view/2750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406964778","display_name":"Iraqi Journal for Administrative Sciences","issn_l":"1818-1074","issn":["1818-1074","2958-6941"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210142005","host_organization_name":"University of Kerbala","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1818-1074","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.journals.uokerbala.edu.iq:article/2750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71207/ijas.v7i26.2750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/index/article/view/2750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406964778","display_name":"Iraqi Journal for Administrative Sciences","issn_l":"1818-1074","issn":["1818-1074","2958-6941"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210142005","host_organization_name":"University of Kerbala","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1818-1074","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":1.0,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7218211611","https://openalex.org/W7215956021","https://openalex.org/W2284565087","https://openalex.org/W4400272944","https://openalex.org/W3107158929","https://openalex.org/W2256997991","https://openalex.org/W3045146610","https://openalex.org/W3203639446","https://openalex.org/W3120917561","https://openalex.org/W4380200746"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u062a\u0639\u062f":[0],"\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629":[1,4,22],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f":[2,71,102,124,140,174,182],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a":[3],"\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629":[5],"\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629":[6],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631":[7],"\u0630\u0627\u062a":[8],"\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631":[9],"\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629":[10],"\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630":[11],"\u0625\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f":[12],"\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629":[13],"\u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644":[14],"\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627":[15],"\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644":[16],"\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629":[17],"\u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628":[18],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632":[19],"\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627":[20],"\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f":[21],"\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627":[23],"\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629":[24],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a":[25,59,95],"\u0641\u064a":[26,45,91,122,131,163],"\u0643\u0644":[27,171],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0647":[28],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631":[29],"\u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629":[30],"\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627":[31],"\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0635":[32],"\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b":[33],"\u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647":[34],"\u0623\u0648":[35,84,190,200],"\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629":[36],"\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629":[37],"\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627":[38],"\u0648\u0645\u0639":[39],"\u0630\u0644\u0643":[40,74],"\u0641\u0627\u0646":[41],"\u062d\u062c\u0645":[42],"\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629":[43],"\u0622\u062e\u0630":[44],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645":[46],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[47],"\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629":[48,88],"\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a":[49],"\u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f":[50],"\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a":[51],"\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629":[52],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0648\u062f":[53],"\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627":[54],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631":[55],"\u0643\u0645\u0627":[56],"\u0627\u0646":[57],"\u0647\u0630\u0647":[58,110],"\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627":[60],"\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a":[61],"\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b":[62],"\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649":[63],"\u0645\u0646":[64,94,133],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629":[65],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629":[66],"\u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a":[67,97],"\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627":[68],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[69,109,127,137,166,192,197],"\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629":[70,123],"\u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631\u062a\u0647":[72],"\u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649":[73],"\u0627\u0646\u0647":[75],"\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f":[76],"\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629":[77],"\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637":[78],"\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629":[79],"\u0645\u0627":[80,129],"\u0628\u064a\u0646":[81],"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649":[82,101],"\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629":[83,98,118],"\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d":[85],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645":[86,99,119],"\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646":[87],"\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f":[89],"\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647":[90,106],"\u0623\u064a":[92],"\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639":[93],"\u0641\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627":[96],"\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635":[100],"\u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629":[103],"\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647":[104],"\u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649":[105],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633":[107],"\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628":[108],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629":[111],"\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629":[112],"\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629":[113],"\u0648\u0647\u064a":[114],"\u0625\u0646":[115,187],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621":[116],"\u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649":[117,161],"\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0644":[120],"\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629":[121],".":[125],"\u0646\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f":[126],"\u0648\u0641\u0642":[128],"\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b":[130],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642":[132],"\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f":[134],"\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a":[135],"\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a":[136],"\u0648\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627":[138],"\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627":[139],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[141],"\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a":[142],"\u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627":[143],"\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629":[144],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629":[145],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629":[146],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[147],"\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a":[148],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641":[149],"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b":[150],"\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627":[151,158],"\u0623\u0646(":[152],"73":[153],")":[154],"\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b":[155],"\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646":[156],"\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629":[157],"\u062a\u062e\u0635":[159],"\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0633":[160],"\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a":[162],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629.\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647":[164],"\u064a\u062c\u0628":[165],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629":[167],"\u0623\u0646":[168],"\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631":[169],"\u0628\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0646":[170],"\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644":[172],"\u0639\u0646":[173],"\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621":[175],"\u0643\u0627\u0646":[176],"\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b":[177],"\u0623\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b":[178],"\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062d":[179],"\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062d\u0647":[180],"\u0646\u062d\u0648":[181],"\u0648\u0627\u0646":[183],"\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646":[184],"\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0647\u0627\u064b":[185],"\u062f\u0648\u0646":[186],"\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644":[188],"\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647":[189],"\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0645":[191],"\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647":[193],"\u0648\u0634\u0631\u0641\u0647":[194],"\u0642\u0628\u0644":[195],"\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647":[196],"\u0634\u0631\u0641":[198],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646":[199],"\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00"}
