{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220446255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.30.26363976","title":"Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return: A Multicenter Case Series","display_name":"Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return: A Multicenter Case Series","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220446255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.30.26363976"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.30.26363976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.30.26363976","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.30.26363976","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/10/05/2026.09.30.26363976.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/10/05/2026.09.30.26363976.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140065576","display_name":"Camilo A. Estrada\u2010Vargas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7242-680X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7242-680X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127938","display_name":"Mayo Clinic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03660jn93","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210125099","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Camilo A. Estrada-Vargas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7242-680X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077229825","display_name":"Omar Javed Baqal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6090-2028","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6090-2028"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127938","display_name":"Mayo Clinic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03660jn93","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210125099","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omar J. Baqal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157581724","display_name":"Mahiraj Singh Sidhu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127938","display_name":"Mayo Clinic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03660jn93","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210125099","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahiraj Singh Sidhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031373047","display_name":"James Y. Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6073-2009","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6073-2009"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127938","display_name":"Mayo Clinic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03660jn93","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210125099","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Y. Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6073-2009","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137956481","display_name":"Vinicius De Sousa Barzon Serra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9518-236X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9518-236X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127938","display_name":"Mayo Clinic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03660jn93","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210125099","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinicius de Sousa Barzon Serra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132918701","display_name":"Aakash Somappa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9555-3626","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9555-3626"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127938","display_name":"Mayo Clinic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03660jn93","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210125099","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aakash Somappa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9555-3626","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101911310","display_name":"Juan F. Rodriguez\u2010Riascos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-9128","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-9128"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127938","display_name":"Mayo Clinic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03660jn93","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210125099","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan F. Rodriguez-Riascos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-9128","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108102141","display_name":"Carlos A. Rojas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127938","display_name":"Mayo Clinic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03660jn93","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210125099","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos A. Rojas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division Chair-Cardiothoracic Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division Chair-Cardiothoracic Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037593682","display_name":"Komandoor S. Srivathsan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9732-0243","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9732-0243"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127938","display_name":"Mayo Clinic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03660jn93","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210125099","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Komandoor Srivathsan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9732-0243","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037593682"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210127938"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10065","display_name":"Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes","score":0.8931000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10065","display_name":"Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes","score":0.8931000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11217","display_name":"Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments","score":0.10459999740123749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10300","display_name":"Congenital Heart Disease Studies","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrial-fibrillation","display_name":"atrial fibrillation","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomalous-pulmonary-venous-return","display_name":"anomalous pulmonary venous return","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiofrequency-catheter-ablation","display_name":"radiofrequency catheter ablation","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-vein-isolation","display_name":"pulmonary vein isolation","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulsed-field-ablation","display_name":"pulsed field ablation","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arrhythmia-recurrence","display_name":"arrhythmia recurrence","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-correction","display_name":"surgical correction","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroanatomical-mapping","display_name":"electroanatomical mapping","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/re-ablation","display_name":"re-ablation","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/procedural-complications","display_name":"procedural complications","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-failure-comorbidity","display_name":"heart failure comorbidity","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adult-congenital-heart-disease","display_name":"adult congenital heart disease","score":0.6520000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9621999859809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779161974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815819","display_name":"Atrial fibrillation","level":2,"score":0.7720999717712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.7626000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.7174000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776131983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q436572","display_name":"Catheter ablation","level":3,"score":0.6496000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778902805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322177","display_name":"Ablation","level":2,"score":0.6438000202178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777377203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1809554","display_name":"Radiofrequency ablation","level":3,"score":0.5127999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4171999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780689522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535352","display_name":"Pulmonary vein","level":3,"score":0.41179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779159551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414874","display_name":"Comorbidity","level":2,"score":0.3846000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781267111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q652297","display_name":"Catheter","level":2,"score":0.3776000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780074459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389735","display_name":"Heart disease","level":2,"score":0.3752000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780206163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25324124","display_name":"Pulmonary vein stenosis","level":4,"score":0.36149999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778213512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844935","display_name":"Coronary artery disease","level":2,"score":0.34790000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778198053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181754","display_name":"Heart failure","level":2,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780940725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206280","display_name":"Pulmonary artery","level":2,"score":0.30880001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910474132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q436572","display_name":"Cardiac Ablation","level":4,"score":0.296999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40993552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514654","display_name":"Gold standard (test)","level":2,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777202286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9609","display_name":"Vein","level":2,"score":0.2709999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018349756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q436572","display_name":"Radiofrequency catheter ablation","level":4,"score":0.25929999351501465}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.30.26363976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.30.26363976","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.30.26363976","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/10/05/2026.09.30.26363976.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.30.26363976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.30.26363976","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.30.26363976","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/10/05/2026.09.30.26363976.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220446255.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220446255.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2313203550","https://openalex.org/W2794951281","https://openalex.org/W4210530363","https://openalex.org/W4293842788","https://openalex.org/W4362450392","https://openalex.org/W4381309972","https://openalex.org/W4385186970","https://openalex.org/W4399554243","https://openalex.org/W4402049769","https://openalex.org/W7166698217"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2888844191","https://openalex.org/W2003165109","https://openalex.org/W4293842788","https://openalex.org/W2406692220","https://openalex.org/W2162360480","https://openalex.org/W3205851314","https://openalex.org/W4399554243","https://openalex.org/W2387833143","https://openalex.org/W2333347955","https://openalex.org/W2014395084"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Background":[1],"Atrial":[2,258],"fibrillation":[3,259],"(AF)":[4],"has":[5,260],"been":[6,261],"observed":[7],"in":[8,22,54,99,107,125,132,138,154,163,170,204,216,219,242,250,263,277,313,352,367],"adults":[9,264],"with":[10,40,129,143,165,265,299,333,369,373],"anomalous":[11,239,266,358],"pulmonary":[12,145,267,307],"venous":[13,268],"return":[14,269],"(APVR),":[15,270],"but":[16,271],"data":[17,70,272],"on":[18,273],"catheter":[19,45,274,302],"ablation":[20,46,122,131,212,249,275,303,383],"outcomes":[21,276],"this":[23,220,251,278],"population":[24,279],"remain":[25],"limited":[26,281],"to":[27,282],"case":[28,283],"reports":[29,284],"and":[30,61,68,91,101,103,115,192,229,285,320,337,340,377],"small":[31,286],"series.":[32,287],"Methods":[33],"We":[34],"retrospectively":[35],"reviewed":[36],"14":[37],"adult":[38],"patients":[39,164,198,218,298,315,332,368],"confirmed":[41],"APVR":[42,113,223,300,353],"who":[43],"underwent":[44],"for":[47,304,381],"AF":[48],"at":[49,189,194],"three":[50],"tertiary":[51],"academic":[52],"centers":[53],"the":[55,238,289,293,349,357,389],"United":[56],"States":[57],"between":[58],"July":[59],"2003":[60],"May":[62],"2025.":[63],"Baseline,":[64],"procedural,":[65],"electroanatomic":[66],"mapping,":[67],"outcome":[69],"were":[71,93,151,328,344],"collected.":[72],"Freedom":[73,183],"from":[74,184],"atrial":[75,305],"arrhythmia":[76,185],"recurrence":[77,186],"was":[78,86,97,123,136,160,178,187,213],"estimated":[79],"by":[80],"Kaplan-Meier":[81],"analysis.":[82],"Results":[83],"Mean":[84],"age":[85],"56":[87],"\u00b1":[88],"13":[89],"years":[90,180],"79%":[92],"male.":[94],"Heart":[95],"failure":[96],"present":[98],"64%,":[100],"hypertension":[102],"coronary":[104],"artery":[105],"disease":[106],"43%":[108],"each.":[109],"Most":[110],"had":[111,117],"partial":[112],"(86%),":[114],"57%":[116],"prior":[118,166,334],"surgical":[119,167,335,375],"correction.":[120],"Radiofrequency":[121],"used":[124],"all":[126,139,217,314],"patients,":[127,140,245],"combined":[128],"pulsed-field":[130,382],"one.":[133],"Acute":[134],"success":[135,312],"achieved":[137,310],"although":[141],"areas":[142],"residual":[144],"vein":[146,308,359],"or":[147],"SVC":[148],"electrical":[149,158,326],"activity":[150,159,327],"left":[152],"untreated":[153],"3":[155,205],"(21%).":[156],"Non-pulmonary-vein":[157,323],"more":[161,329],"common":[162,330],"correction":[168],"than":[169],"those":[171,372],"without":[172,207],"(43%":[173],"vs":[174],"17%).":[175],"Median":[176],"follow-up":[177],"3.4":[179],"(IQR,":[181],"2.0-9.6).":[182],"78.6%":[188],"1":[190],"year":[191],"53.9%":[193],"5":[195],"years.":[196],"Two":[197],"(14%)":[199],"required":[200],"reablation;":[201],"complications":[202],"occurred":[203],"(21%)":[206],"long-term":[208],"sequelae.":[209],"Conclusions":[210],"Catheter":[211],"acutely":[214],"successful":[215],"largest":[221,294],"reported":[222,262,295],"cohort,":[224],"despite":[225,316],"substantial":[226,317],"comorbidity":[227,318],"burden":[228,319],"anatomic":[230,321],"complexity.":[231,322],"The":[232],"arrhythmogenic":[233,350],"substrate":[234,351],"often":[235,354],"extended":[236],"beyond":[237,356],"vein,":[240],"particularly":[241,371],"surgically":[243],"corrected":[244],"supporting":[246],"individualized,":[247,364],"substrate-guided":[248,365],"population.":[252],"CLINICAL":[253],"PERSPECTIVE":[254],"What":[255,288],"Is":[256],"Known":[257],"are":[280],"Study":[290],"Adds":[291],"In":[292],"cohort":[296],"of":[297,325],"undergoing":[301],"fibrillation,":[306],"isolation":[309],"acute":[311],"sites":[324],"among":[331],"correction,":[336],"postsurgical":[338],"scar":[339],"epicardial":[341],"venoatrial":[342],"connections":[343],"also":[345],"arrhythmogenic,":[346],"indicating":[347],"that":[348],"extends":[355],"itself.":[360],"These":[361],"findings":[362],"support":[363],"mapping":[366],"APVR,":[370],"a":[374,379],"history,":[376],"suggest":[378],"role":[380],"near":[384],"critical":[385],"structures":[386],"such":[387],"as":[388],"phrenic":[390],"nerve.":[391]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00"}