{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220428310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53555/ajbr.v27i4s.3603","title":"Evaluation of the effectiveness of Trichoderma fungus isolates against root-knot nematodes under laboratory condition in Iraq","display_name":"Evaluation of the effectiveness of Trichoderma fungus isolates against root-knot nematodes under laboratory condition in Iraq","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220428310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53555/ajbr.v27i4s.3603"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.135.148.34.95:article/3603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53555/ajbr.v27i4s.3603","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://africanjournalofbiomedicalresearch.com/index.php/AJBR/article/view/3603","pdf_url":"https://africanjournalofbiomedicalresearch.com/index.php/AJBR/article/download/3603/2763","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S33826441","display_name":"African Journal of Biomedical Research","issn_l":"1119-5096","issn":["1119-5096"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1119-5096","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://africanjournalofbiomedicalresearch.com/index.php/AJBR/article/download/3603/2763","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5144406690","display_name":"Muammar Abdel-Ammer Kadhim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muammar Abdel-Ammer Kadhim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007222560","display_name":"Altamemy A. K. Aakool","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Altamemy A.K. Aakool","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010801428","display_name":"Jawad B. Al-Zaidawi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1219-845X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1219-845X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405274568","display_name":"Directorate of Agricultural Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynr9796","country_code":"IQ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405274568"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jawad B. Al-Zaidawi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Research Directorate , Ministry of science and Technology , Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Research Directorate , Ministry of science and Technology , Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405274568"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11179","display_name":"Nematode management and characterization studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11179","display_name":"Nematode management and characterization studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11436","display_name":"Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12660","display_name":"Plant Disease Management Techniques","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trichoderma","display_name":"Trichoderma","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-knot-nematode","display_name":"root-knot nematode","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meloidogyne-javanica","display_name":"Meloidogyne javanica","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-control","display_name":"biological control","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trichoderma-harzianum","display_name":"Trichoderma harzianum","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trichoderma-hamatum","display_name":"Trichoderma hamatum","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solanaceae","display_name":"Solanaceae","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cucurbitaceae","display_name":"Cucurbitaceae","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nematode-larvae","display_name":"nematode larvae","score":0.7580000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8626000285148621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780214302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135322","display_name":"Trichoderma","level":2,"score":0.8360999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779678110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764","display_name":"Fungus","level":2,"score":0.6916999816894531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778830712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5185","display_name":"Nematode","level":2,"score":0.6496000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104727253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116890","display_name":"Biological pest control","level":2,"score":0.6139000058174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.541700005531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.4521999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.4465999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168903529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2316193","display_name":"Chlamydospore","level":3,"score":0.3804999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64502627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170065","display_name":"Pathogenicity","level":2,"score":0.37529999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174618031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177332","display_name":"Spore","level":2,"score":0.3659000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173758957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129270","display_name":"Larva","level":2,"score":0.352400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22508944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568174","display_name":"PEST analysis","level":2,"score":0.3488999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778394675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q648056","display_name":"Fungi imperfecti","level":2,"score":0.34540000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776207046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2215256","display_name":"Root-knot nematode","level":3,"score":0.3253999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776242653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22907699","display_name":"Pepper","level":2,"score":0.28769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778761015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134172","display_name":"Solanaceae","level":3,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778234367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186517","display_name":"Parasitism","level":3,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777919559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1442077","display_name":"Root rot","level":2,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126831891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221673","display_name":"Host (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2671999931335449}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.135.148.34.95:article/3603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53555/ajbr.v27i4s.3603","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://africanjournalofbiomedicalresearch.com/index.php/AJBR/article/view/3603","pdf_url":"https://africanjournalofbiomedicalresearch.com/index.php/AJBR/article/download/3603/2763","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S33826441","display_name":"African Journal of Biomedical Research","issn_l":"1119-5096","issn":["1119-5096"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1119-5096","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.135.148.34.95:article/3603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53555/ajbr.v27i4s.3603","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://africanjournalofbiomedicalresearch.com/index.php/AJBR/article/view/3603","pdf_url":"https://africanjournalofbiomedicalresearch.com/index.php/AJBR/article/download/3603/2763","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S33826441","display_name":"African Journal of Biomedical Research","issn_l":"1119-5096","issn":["1119-5096"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1119-5096","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.991100013256073,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220428310.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220428310.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993066365","https://openalex.org/W2032145002","https://openalex.org/W2049212234","https://openalex.org/W2049726782","https://openalex.org/W2053058804","https://openalex.org/W2076452152","https://openalex.org/W2100424310","https://openalex.org/W2133242329"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7217759268","https://openalex.org/W4390762570","https://openalex.org/W3094598688","https://openalex.org/W4407640159","https://openalex.org/W3082849268","https://openalex.org/W7132087504","https://openalex.org/W1976655562","https://openalex.org/W2905766307","https://openalex.org/W7217602924","https://openalex.org/W4414465563"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"isolate":[1,135],"and":[2,12,28,39,43,64,78,102,124,205],"identify":[3],"the":[4,8,18,54,75,89,126,128,137,142,163,170,177,195],"indigenous":[5],"species":[6],"of":[7,26,41,62,71,88,114,130,165,192,197],"fungus":[9,91,117],"Trichoderma":[10,76,90,100,103,116],"spp.":[11],"to":[13,58,93,141,169],"evaluate":[14],"its":[15,146],"pathogenicity":[16],"against":[17],"knot":[19],"nematod,":[20],"Meloidogyne":[21],"javanica.":[22],"25":[23,72],"random":[24],"samples":[25,69,73],"soil":[27],"roots":[29],"infected":[30],"by":[31,79],"root-knot":[32],"nematodes":[33],"were":[34,202],"collected":[35],"from":[36,46,56],"some":[37],"fields":[38],"greenhouses":[40],"Solanaceae":[42],"Cucurbitaceae":[44],"plants":[45],"eight":[47],"agricultural":[48],"sites":[49],"in":[50,120,162],"Wasit":[51],"Governorate":[52],"for":[53,199],"period":[55],"5/11/2022":[57],"22/12/2022.":[59],"The":[60,106,133,173],"results":[61,107,174],"identification":[63],"characterization":[65],"showed":[66,175],"that":[67,84,110,176],"15":[68],"out":[70],"contained":[74],"fungus,":[77],"purification,":[80],"it":[81],"was":[82,136],"obtained":[83],"7":[85],"native":[86],"isolates":[87,118,178,201],"belonging":[92],"four":[94],"different":[95],"species:":[96],"T":[97],".harzianum,":[98],"T.hamatum,":[99],"sp1,":[101],"sp2":[104],".":[105],"also":[108],"illustrated":[109],"a":[111,189],"high":[112,190],"efficiency":[113],"all":[115,155],"studied":[119],"parasitizing":[121],"nematode":[122,131],"larvae":[123,167],"reducing":[125],"percentage":[127],"number":[129,164],"larvae.":[132],"T.harzianum3(T6)":[134],"most":[138],"effective":[139],"compared":[140,168],"other":[143],"isolates,":[144,156],"as":[145,157,194],"parasitism":[147,198],"rate":[148,191],"reached":[149],"97%,":[150],"with":[151,154],"significant":[152],"differences":[153],"noted.":[158],"A":[159],"clear":[160],"decrease":[161],"emerging":[166],"control":[171],"treatment.":[172],"T.harzianum1":[179],"(T1)":[180],",":[181,184,187],"T.harzianum2":[182,185],"(T3)":[183],"(T7)":[186],"had":[188],"parasitism,":[193],"rates":[196],"these":[200],"92.2%,":[203],"90.8%,":[204],"90.4%,":[206],"respectivelyrespectively.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00"}
