{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220399646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69980/ajbr.v29i1s.9891","title":"Diet and Acne Vulgaris: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence on Glycemic Load, Dairy Intake and Anti-inflammatory Dietary Patterns","display_name":"Diet and Acne Vulgaris: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence on Glycemic Load, Dairy Intake and Anti-inflammatory Dietary Patterns","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220399646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69980/ajbr.v29i1s.9891"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.135.148.34.95:article/9891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69980/ajbr.v29i1s.9891","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://africanjournalofbiomedicalresearch.com/index.php/AJBR/article/view/9891","pdf_url":"https://africanjournalofbiomedicalresearch.com/index.php/AJBR/article/download/9891/8139","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S33826441","display_name":"African Journal of Biomedical Research","issn_l":"1119-5096","issn":["1119-5096"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.53555/50ef1t26","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://africanjournalofbiomedicalresearch.com/index.php/AJBR/article/download/9891/8139","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139251696","display_name":"Paula Biernat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3990-252X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3990-252X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112538","display_name":"Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu","ror":"https://ror.org/01txxvd81","country_code":"PL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112538"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paula Biernat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu , Opole , Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu , Opole , Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112538"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157376770","display_name":"Anna Czerwi\u0144ska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6217-2694","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6217-2694"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112538","display_name":"Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu","ror":"https://ror.org/01txxvd81","country_code":"PL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112538"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Czerwi\u0144ska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu , Opole , Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu , Opole , Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112538"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139256013","display_name":"Dagmara Cybulska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8569-6253","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8569-6253"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dagmara Cybulska","raw_affiliation_strings":["ORCID"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCID","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139235106","display_name":"Klaudia Cybulska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7328-9689","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7328-9689"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112538","display_name":"Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu","ror":"https://ror.org/01txxvd81","country_code":"PL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112538"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Klaudia Cybulska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu , Opole , Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu , Opole , Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112538"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136232489","display_name":"Jeremi Morka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3596-420X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3596-420X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112538","display_name":"Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu","ror":"https://ror.org/01txxvd81","country_code":"PL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112538"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremi Morka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu , Opole , Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu , Opole , Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112538"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114648378","display_name":"Micha\u0142 Sobczak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8758-3986","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8758-3986"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112538","display_name":"Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu","ror":"https://ror.org/01txxvd81","country_code":"PL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112538"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Micha\u0142 Sobczak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu , Opole , Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu , Opole , Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112538"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072765333","display_name":"Emilia Wo\u0142yniec","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112538","display_name":"Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu","ror":"https://ror.org/01txxvd81","country_code":"PL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112538"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emilia Wo\u0142yniec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu , Opole , Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Opolu , Opole , Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112538"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157589546","display_name":"Bart\u0142omiej Kulpa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bart\u0142omiej Kulpa","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11553","display_name":"Acne and Rosacea Treatments and Effects","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11553","display_name":"Acne and Rosacea Treatments and Effects","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10837","display_name":"Dermatology and Skin Diseases","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10866","display_name":"Nutritional Studies and Diet","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acne-vulgaris","display_name":"acne","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diet","display_name":"diet","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycemic-load","display_name":"glycemic load","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dairy-consumption","display_name":"dairy consumption","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/whey-protein","display_name":"whey protein","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/western-diet","display_name":"Western diet","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediterranean-diet","display_name":"Mediterranean diet","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/omega-3-fatty-acids","display_name":"omega-3 fatty acids","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probiotics","display_name":"probiotics","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gut-skin-axis","display_name":"gut-skin axis","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-inflammatory-diet","display_name":"anti-inflammatory diet","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acne-pathogenesis","display_name":"acne pathogenesis","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrition-counseling","display_name":"nutrition counseling","score":0.6269999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777673923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79928","display_name":"Acne","level":2,"score":0.838100016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020000205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2412849","display_name":"Narrative review","level":2,"score":0.6758999824523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910241647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185217","display_name":"Dairy foods","level":2,"score":0.6362000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781379145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929014","display_name":"Glycemic load","level":5,"score":0.5447999835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.4778999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778962194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47564","display_name":"Mediterranean diet","level":2,"score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776652674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273924","display_name":"Glycemic index","level":4,"score":0.44110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780473172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5572518","display_name":"Glycemic","level":3,"score":0.4302999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.40880000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780578515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657193","display_name":"Metabolic syndrome","level":3,"score":0.3212999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140608501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7318358","display_name":"Review article","level":2,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.2921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019468659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7988517","display_name":"Western diet","level":3,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.25859999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020020386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127980","display_name":"Dietary fat","level":2,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.135.148.34.95:article/9891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69980/ajbr.v29i1s.9891","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://africanjournalofbiomedicalresearch.com/index.php/AJBR/article/view/9891","pdf_url":"https://africanjournalofbiomedicalresearch.com/index.php/AJBR/article/download/9891/8139","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S33826441","display_name":"African Journal of Biomedical Research","issn_l":"1119-5096","issn":["1119-5096"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.53555/50ef1t26","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.135.148.34.95:article/9891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69980/ajbr.v29i1s.9891","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://africanjournalofbiomedicalresearch.com/index.php/AJBR/article/view/9891","pdf_url":"https://africanjournalofbiomedicalresearch.com/index.php/AJBR/article/download/9891/8139","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S33826441","display_name":"African Journal of Biomedical Research","issn_l":"1119-5096","issn":["1119-5096"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.53555/50ef1t26","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220399646.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220399646.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525008479","https://openalex.org/W1652147305","https://openalex.org/W1965067356","https://openalex.org/W1967387023","https://openalex.org/W1996798819","https://openalex.org/W1997627137","https://openalex.org/W2003261859","https://openalex.org/W2011061301","https://openalex.org/W2046943138","https://openalex.org/W2058748486","https://openalex.org/W2079662864","https://openalex.org/W2118369397","https://openalex.org/W2123507773","https://openalex.org/W2125940963","https://openalex.org/W2141218004","https://openalex.org/W2142492917","https://openalex.org/W2154509583","https://openalex.org/W2163403168","https://openalex.org/W2276726626","https://openalex.org/W2319643434","https://openalex.org/W2748083951","https://openalex.org/W3047072658","https://openalex.org/W4220719225","https://openalex.org/W4396969063"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7125927827","https://openalex.org/W7165733337","https://openalex.org/W2401783755","https://openalex.org/W4220719225","https://openalex.org/W2101272802","https://openalex.org/W2416806236","https://openalex.org/W4396599229","https://openalex.org/W7161789252","https://openalex.org/W7131754215","https://openalex.org/W7116630956"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Acne":[1],"vulgaris":[2,149],"is":[3,29,301],"a":[4,211,237,255,271,277],"chronic":[5],"inflammatory":[6,43],"disorder":[7],"of":[8,14,61,115,126,213,243,262,280],"the":[9,15,46,58,76,101,116,142,165,217,263],"pilosebaceous":[10,47],"unit":[11],"and":[12,24,31,42,66,80,95,107,110,128,138,147,162,181,200,240,293],"one":[13],"most":[16],"common":[17],"dermatological":[18,314],"conditions":[19],"worldwide,":[20],"particularly":[21,198],"among":[22],"adolescents":[23],"young":[25],"adults.":[26],"Its":[27],"pathogenesis":[28],"multifactorial":[30],"involves":[32],"increased":[33,182,241],"sebum":[34],"production,":[35],"follicular":[36],"hyperkeratinization,":[37],"colonization":[38],"by":[39],"Cutibacterium":[40],"acnes,":[41],"processes":[44],"within":[45],"unit.":[48],"In":[49],"recent":[50],"years,":[51],"growing":[52],"attention":[53],"has":[54,204],"been":[55,206],"directed":[56],"toward":[57],"potential":[59,256,272],"role":[60,257],"diet":[62,79,239],"in":[63,156,192,210,226],"acne":[64,81,148,183,209,232,281,294],"development":[65],"severity.":[67],"Aim:":[68],"This":[69],"narrative":[70,113],"review":[71,114],"summarizes":[72],"current":[73],"evidence":[74,172,219,252,285,297],"on":[75,86,121],"relationship":[77,143],"between":[78,144,177,289],"vulgaris,":[82],"with":[83,208],"particular":[84],"focus":[85],"dietary":[87,93,145,159,179,223,291],"glycemic":[88],"load,":[89],"dairy":[90,299],"consumption,":[91],"Western":[92,222],"patterns,":[94],"potentially":[96],"protective":[97],"nutritional":[98],"strategies,":[99],"including":[100],"Mediterranean":[102],"diet,":[103],"omega-3":[104,244],"fatty":[105,245],"acids,":[106],"probiotics.":[108],"Material":[109],"methods:":[111],"A":[112],"literature":[117],"was":[118],"conducted":[119],"based":[120],"publications":[122],"identified":[123],"through":[124,260],"searches":[125],"PubMed":[127],"Google":[129],"Scholar.":[130],"Observational":[131],"studies,":[132,215],"randomized":[133],"controlled":[134],"trials,":[135],"systematic":[136],"reviews,":[137],"mechanistic":[139],"studies":[140],"evaluating":[141],"factors":[146],"were":[150,167],"included.":[151],"Owing":[152],"to":[153,231,236,269,312],"substantial":[154],"heterogeneity":[155],"study":[157],"designs,":[158],"assessment":[160],"methods,":[161],"outcome":[163],"measures,":[164],"findings":[166],"synthesized":[168],"qualitatively.":[169],"Results:":[170],"Current":[171],"consistently":[173],"demonstrates":[174],"an":[175,287,309],"association":[176,288],"high-glycemic":[178,290],"patterns":[180,224,292],"severity,":[184,295],"while":[185],"low-glycemic-load":[186],"diets":[187],"have":[188],"shown":[189],"beneficial":[190],"effects":[191],"several":[193],"interventional":[194],"studies.":[195],"Dairy":[196],"intake,":[197],"milk":[199],"whey":[201],"protein":[202],"supplementation,":[203],"also":[205,253],"associated":[207],"number":[212],"epidemiological":[214],"although":[216],"overall":[218],"remains":[220],"inconsistent.":[221],"rich":[225],"processed":[227],"foods":[228],"may":[229,247,306],"contribute":[230],"pathogenesis,":[233],"whereas":[234,296],"adherence":[235],"Mediterranean-style":[238],"intake":[242],"acids":[246],"exert":[248],"anti-inflammatory":[249],"effects.":[250],"Emerging":[251],"suggests":[254],"for":[258],"probiotics":[259],"modulation":[261],"gut\u2013skin":[264],"axis.":[265],"Conclusions:":[266],"Diet":[267],"appears":[268],"be":[270,307],"modifying":[273],"factor":[274],"rather":[275],"than":[276],"primary":[278],"cause":[279],"vulgaris.":[282],"The":[283],"strongest":[284],"supports":[286],"regarding":[298],"consumption":[300],"less":[302],"consistent.":[303],"Dietary":[304],"counseling":[305],"considered":[308],"individualized":[310],"adjunct":[311],"standard":[313],"therapy":[315],"but":[316],"should":[317],"not":[318],"replace":[319],"evidence-based":[320],"medical":[321],"treatment.":[322]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00"}
