{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220379482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.01.26364525","title":"Patient Trajectories from Electronic Health Records Suggest Specialty Specific Warning Signs for Common Variable Immunodeficiency","display_name":"Patient Trajectories from Electronic Health Records Suggest Specialty Specific Warning Signs for Common Variable Immunodeficiency","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220379482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.01.26364525","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42926830","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13692372"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.01.26364525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.01.26364525","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.01.26364525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.01.26364525","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081333820","display_name":"Rachel Mester","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6498-7727","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6498-7727"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel Mester","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6498-7727","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050812121","display_name":"Aaron T. Chin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9490-6580","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9490-6580"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aaron T. Chin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087090835","display_name":"Veronica Tozzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8538-9198","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8538-9198"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veronica Tozzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051005236","display_name":"Alexis V Stephens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5979-6838","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5979-6838"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexis V. Stephens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108631482","display_name":"Hal M. Hoffman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087384","display_name":"Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/00414dg76","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087384"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hal M. Hoffman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA","Rady Children\u2019s Health, San Diego, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rady Children\u2019s Health, San Diego, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087384"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133480904","display_name":"Marc A Riedl","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc A. Reidl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081838073","display_name":"Morna J. Dorsey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9432-3542","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9432-3542"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Morna J. Dorsey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Allergy, Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Allergy, Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157422956","display_name":"Sudhir Gupta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudhir Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157473431","display_name":"Yesim Y Demirdag","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yesim Y. Demirdag","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049741676","display_name":"Sriram Sankararaman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1586-9641","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1586-9641"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sriram Sankararaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA","Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA","Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077712333","display_name":"Lisa A. Bastarache","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3020-447X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3020-447X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa Bastarache","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057630970","display_name":"Bogdan Pa\u015faniuc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0227-2056","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0227-2056"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bogdan Pasaniuc","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA","Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA","Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049464065","display_name":"Manish J. Butte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4490-5595","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4490-5595"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manish J. Butte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4490-5595","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11725","display_name":"Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11725","display_name":"Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14400","display_name":"Medical Coding and Health Information","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-variable-immunodeficiency","display_name":"common variable immunodeficiency","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delayed-diagnosis","display_name":"delayed diagnosis","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-diagnosis","display_name":"time to diagnosis","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-trajectories","display_name":"patient trajectories","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-health-records","display_name":"electronic health records","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-disease","display_name":"lung disease","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neoplasms","display_name":"neoplasms","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-immunodeficiency","display_name":"primary immunodeficiency","score":0.7929999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776433325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472818","display_name":"Common variable immunodeficiency","level":3,"score":0.8640999794006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8116999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534262118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177719","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.673799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.6093999743461609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20387591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930752","display_name":"Specialty","level":2,"score":0.5554999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.49480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.48500001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45827449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5270338","display_name":"Diagnosis code","level":3,"score":0.4778999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195910791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Medical record","level":2,"score":0.46970000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.4616999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779019163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3043160","display_name":"Primary immunodeficiency","level":3,"score":0.4309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777607303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641307","display_name":"Immunodeficiency","level":3,"score":0.34850001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.34529998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019952477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Health records","level":3,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983394010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19885330","display_name":"Continuous variable","level":2,"score":0.3093000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3043000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.29330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020144179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10871684","display_name":"Electronic health record","level":3,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987315675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1773974","display_name":"Disease control","level":2,"score":0.28619998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186282968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434261","display_name":"McNemar's test","level":2,"score":0.28060001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.260699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779159551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414874","display_name":"Comorbidity","level":2,"score":0.2574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.25270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.01.26364525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.01.26364525","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.01.26364525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:42926830","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42926830","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13692372","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13692372/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.01.26364525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.01.26364525","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.01.26364525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969208427","https://openalex.org/W1996402846","https://openalex.org/W2603035483","https://openalex.org/W2804552576","https://openalex.org/W2900982852","https://openalex.org/W2965512201","https://openalex.org/W2965623610","https://openalex.org/W2991379615","https://openalex.org/W2999615587","https://openalex.org/W3030059624","https://openalex.org/W3032160693","https://openalex.org/W3088315601","https://openalex.org/W4307702557","https://openalex.org/W4308189572","https://openalex.org/W4386100644","https://openalex.org/W4387130556","https://openalex.org/W4396541884"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2965623610","https://openalex.org/W4395063572","https://openalex.org/W1964932953","https://openalex.org/W4387130556","https://openalex.org/W4396541884","https://openalex.org/W4408223941","https://openalex.org/W3030059624","https://openalex.org/W11540815","https://openalex.org/W7019881388","https://openalex.org/W2212330374"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Common":[1],"variable":[2,45,80,110,249,266,287],"immunodeficiency":[3,81,111,267,288],"is":[4,197],"frequently":[5],"underrecognized":[6],"due":[7],"to":[8,49,56,61,64,106,138,146,164,177,191,204,231,238,263],"its":[9],"heterogeneous":[10],"clinical":[11],"presentation,":[12],"resulting":[13],"in":[14,52,101,141],"diagnostic":[15,54,173,272],"delays":[16],"that":[17,182,256],"increase":[18],"disease-related":[19,275],"complications,":[20],"with":[21,42,77,149,200,212],"each":[22,169],"year":[23],"of":[24,37,97,136,186,188,195,219,247],"delay":[25,174],"increasing":[26],"mortality":[27],"risk":[28],"by":[29,175],"4%":[30],"for":[31,59,292],"the":[32,102,142,192,216,222,226],"most":[33],"common":[34,44,79,109,248,265,286],"inborn":[35],"error":[36],"immunity.":[38],"Objective:":[39],"In":[40],"individuals":[41,76],"established":[43],"immunodeficiency,":[46],"we":[47,114,254],"sought":[48],"recognize":[50],"patterns":[51,281],"patient":[53,283],"trajectories":[55,100,284],"identify":[57],"opportunities":[58,291],"interventions":[60,262],"reduce":[62],"time":[63,203,237],"diagnosis.":[65,147,205],"Methods:":[66],"We":[67,90,180],"analyzed":[68],"retrospective":[69],"electronic":[70,297],"health":[71,85,298],"records":[72],"data":[73],"from":[74],"139":[75],"physician-confirmed":[78],"across":[82,269],"five":[83],"academic":[84],"systems":[86],"representing":[87],">10million":[88],"patients.":[89],"evaluated":[91],"diagnosing":[92],"specialties":[93,189],"and":[94,107,131,240,274,282],"international":[95],"classification":[96],"disease":[98,140],"code":[99],"two":[103,143],"years":[104,144],"prior":[105,145],"at":[108,168],"confirmation.":[112],"Additionally,":[113],"construct":[115],"specialty-specific":[116,208,242],"prediction":[117,209,243],"on":[118],"a":[119,125,133,166,178,183,241],"1:50":[120],"case:":[121],"control":[122],"cohort":[123],"using":[124],"gradient":[126],"boosting":[127],"algorithm.":[128],"Results:":[129],")":[130],"had":[132],"higher":[134],"frequency":[135],"visits":[137,196],"pulmonary":[139],"Individuals":[148,229],"neoplasms":[150],"were":[151],"50%":[152],"more":[153],"likely":[154],"than":[155],"other":[156],"patients":[157],"(OR":[158],"2.0,":[159],"SE":[160],"0.29,":[161],"p-value":[162],"0.02)":[163],"receive":[165],"diagnosis":[167,289],"visit,":[170],"reducing":[171,271],"their":[172],"up":[176],"year.":[179],"find":[181,255],"larger":[184],"ratio":[185],"number":[187,194],"visited":[190],"total":[193],"significantly":[198],"correlated":[199],"an":[201,213],"increased":[202],"A":[206],"trajectory-informed":[207],"improved":[210],"detection":[211,246],"area":[214],"under":[215,225],"precision-recall":[217],"curve":[218],"fifty":[220],"times":[221],"value":[223],"expected":[224],"null.":[227],"Conclusions:":[228],"referred":[230],"Allergy":[232],"/":[233],"Immunology":[234],"have":[235],"shorter":[236],"diagnosis,":[239],"could":[244],"improve":[245,264],"immunodeficiency.":[250],"Clinical":[251],"Implications:":[252],"Overall,":[253],"phenotype-specialty":[257],"interactions":[258],"may":[259],"inform":[260],"targeted":[261],"recognition":[268,294],"specialties,":[270],"odyssey":[273],"complications.":[276],"Capsule":[277],"Summary:":[278],"Specialty-specific":[279],"symptom":[280],"preceding":[285],"reveal":[290],"earlier":[293],"through":[295],"context-aware":[296],"record-based":[299],"prediction.":[300]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00"}
