{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220376016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.63797/ft4mh205","title":"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \" \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a","display_name":"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \" \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220376016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.63797/ft4mh205"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.63797/ft4mh205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.63797/ft4mh205","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.63797/ft4mh205","pdf_url":"https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/bjh/article/download/7314/3452","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406984016","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b","issn_l":"2222-3002","issn":["2222-3002","2790-220X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/bjh/article/download/7314/3452","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058811072","display_name":"\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058811072"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78770331,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10794","display_name":"Islamic Studies and History","score":0.6532999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10794","display_name":"Islamic Studies and History","score":0.6532999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14237","display_name":"Historical and Political Studies","score":0.10260000079870224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12999","display_name":"Medieval History and Crusades","score":0.07429999858140945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abu-hayyan-al-tawhidi","display_name":"Abu Hayyan al-Tawhidi","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abbasid-caliphate","display_name":"Abbasid Caliphate","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buyid-dynasty","display_name":"Buyid dynasty","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vizierate","display_name":"vizierate","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-gathering","display_name":"information gathering","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-making","display_name":"decision-making","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbolic-legitimacy","display_name":"symbolic legitimacy","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/military-governors","display_name":"military governors","score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-instability","display_name":"state instability","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourth-century-ah","display_name":"4th century AH","score":0.7160000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.19869999587535858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.19499999284744263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1906999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1860000044107437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.18389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.16850000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.16580000519752502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.16410000622272491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.16120000183582306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.15870000422000885}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.63797/ft4mh205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.63797/ft4mh205","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.63797/ft4mh205","pdf_url":"https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/bjh/article/download/7314/3452","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406984016","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b","issn_l":"2222-3002","issn":["2222-3002","2790-220X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.63797/ynp6nc04","doi":"https://doi.org/10.63797/ynp6nc04","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.63797/ynp6nc04","pdf_url":"https://www.journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/bjh/article/download/6238/3962","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406984016","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b","issn_l":"2222-3002","issn":["2222-3002","2790-220X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.journals.uokerbala.edu.iq:article/6238","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/index/article/view/6238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406984016","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b","issn_l":"2222-3002","issn":["2222-3002","2790-220X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.63797/mbp3qg18","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.journals.uokerbala.edu.iq:article/7314","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/index/article/view/7314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406984016","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b","issn_l":"2222-3002","issn":["2222-3002","2790-220X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.63797/mbp3qg18","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.63797/ft4mh205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.63797/ft4mh205","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.63797/ft4mh205","pdf_url":"https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/bjh/article/download/7314/3452","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406984016","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b","issn_l":"2222-3002","issn":["2222-3002","2790-220X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220376016.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220376016.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4409021544","https://openalex.org/W4317827837","https://openalex.org/W7025793675","https://openalex.org/W4400265992","https://openalex.org/W4312751384","https://openalex.org/W7212047323","https://openalex.org/W4399928484","https://openalex.org/W2625955625","https://openalex.org/W4402647370","https://openalex.org/W3010677031"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644":[0],"\u0647\u0630\u0627":[1],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b":[2,36,56],"\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629":[3],"\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629":[4],"\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629":[5],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631":[6],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628":[7],"\u0623\u0628\u064a":[8],"\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646":[9],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c":[10],"\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u064b":[11],"\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621":[12],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[13],"\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647":[14],"\"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639":[15],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629\"":[16],"\u0643\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629":[17],"\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629":[18],"\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629":[19],"\u0644\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641":[20],"\u0645\u0627":[21],"\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621":[22],"\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f":[23],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635":[24],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a":[25],"\u0645\u0646":[26],"\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a":[27],"\u0644\u062e\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627":[28],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631":[29],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u064a":[30],"\u0641\u064a":[31,43,75],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646":[32],"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639":[33],"\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u060c":[34],"\u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636":[35],"\u062d\u0627\u0644":[37],"\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629":[38],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c":[39],"\u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627":[40],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629":[41],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629":[42],"\u0638\u0644":[44],"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639":[45],"\u0628\u064a\u0646":[46],"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629":[47],"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629":[48],"\u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629":[49],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629":[50],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629":[51],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629":[52],"\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c":[53],"\u0643\u0645\u0627":[54],"\u064a\u062d\u0644\u0644":[55],"\u062f\u0648\u0631":[57],"\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633":[58],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631":[59],"\u0643\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a":[60],"\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639":[61],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a":[62],"\u0648\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629":[63],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c":[64],"\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0635\u062f":[65],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a":[66],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629":[67],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a":[68],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629":[69],"\u0648":[70],"\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637":[71],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u060c":[72],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[73],"\u0623\u062f\u062a":[74],"\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629":[76],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641":[77],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[78],"\u0632\u0639\u0632\u0639\u0629":[79],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631":[80],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629":[81],"\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a":[82],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621.":[83]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00"}