{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220371053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716","title":"Cervico-vaginal microbiota and antimicrobial resistance patterns in relation to different reproductive statuses in cattle: a field study from Nepal","display_name":"Cervico-vaginal microbiota and antimicrobial resistance patterns in relation to different reproductive statuses in cattle: a field study from Nepal","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220371053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42898518","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13677908"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiomes/articles/10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387284079","display_name":"Frontiers in Microbiomes","issn_l":"2813-4338","issn":["2813-4338"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Microbiomes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiomes/articles/10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157404203","display_name":"Bishal Bhattachan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801534221","display_name":"Agriculture and Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f60xs15","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801534221"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bishal Bhattachan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Agriculture and Forestry University","National Veterinary Medicine Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Agriculture and Forestry University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801534221"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Veterinary Medicine Center","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033469188","display_name":"Gokarna Gautam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-0902","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-0902"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801534221","display_name":"Agriculture and Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f60xs15","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801534221"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gokarna Gautam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Agriculture and Forestry University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Agriculture and Forestry University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801534221"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015506024","display_name":"Rabin Raut","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7384-9263","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7384-9263"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rabin Raut","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Veterinary Medicine Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Veterinary Medicine Center","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011907812","display_name":"Hom Bahadur Basnet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3077-8660","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3077-8660","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5294-2112"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801534221","display_name":"Agriculture and Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f60xs15","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801534221"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hom Bahadur Basnet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Agriculture and Forestry University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Agriculture and Forestry University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801534221"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112543988","display_name":"Bibek Bhattachan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801534221","display_name":"Agriculture and Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f60xs15","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801534221"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bibek Bhattachan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Agriculture and Forestry University","National Veterinary Medicine Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Agriculture and Forestry University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801534221"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Veterinary Medicine Center","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138740503","display_name":"Sundar Khatiwada","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801534221","display_name":"Agriculture and Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f60xs15","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801534221"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sundar Khatiwada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Agriculture and Forestry University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Agriculture and Forestry University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801534221"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072086243","display_name":"Rebanta Kumar Bhattarai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2614-3814","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2614-3814"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801534221","display_name":"Agriculture and Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f60xs15","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801534221"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rebanta Kumar Bhattarai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Agriculture and Forestry University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Agriculture and Forestry University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801534221"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072086243"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801534221"],"apc_list":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"apc_paid":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73152441,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"1900716","last_page":"1900716"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10584","display_name":"Reproductive Physiology in Livestock","score":0.5640000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10584","display_name":"Reproductive Physiology in Livestock","score":0.5640000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10428","display_name":"Reproductive tract infections research","score":0.29809999465942383,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11688","display_name":"Microbial infections and disease research","score":0.06080000102519989,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-resistance","display_name":"antimicrobial resistance","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cattle","display_name":"cattle","score":0.49900001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cervicitis","display_name":"cervicitis","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repeat-breeding","display_name":"repeat breeding","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postpartum-period","display_name":"postpartum period","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heifers","display_name":"heifers","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidrug-resistance","display_name":"multidrug resistance","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micrococcus","display_name":"Micrococcus","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enterobacter","display_name":"Enterobacter","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chryseobacterium","display_name":"Chryseobacterium","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproductive-health","display_name":"reproductive health","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nepal","display_name":"Nepal","score":0.6079999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8598999977111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94665300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63391344","display_name":"Antibiotic resistance","level":3,"score":0.588699996471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4937899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68541106","display_name":"Antimicrobial","level":2,"score":0.4864000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778983983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134281","display_name":"Enterobacter","level":4,"score":0.42980000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42062724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209205","display_name":"16S ribosomal RNA","level":3,"score":0.41940000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.38519999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189506811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5148442","display_name":"Colonisation resistance","level":3,"score":0.31220000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143121216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330402","display_name":"Microbiome","level":2,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781384322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840910","display_name":"Metritis","level":5,"score":0.301800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12326286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210958","display_name":"Monophyly","level":5,"score":0.29580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151437367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7884646","display_name":"UniFrac","level":4,"score":0.2897000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124104306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4840005","display_name":"Bacterial taxonomy","level":4,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114851261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147416","display_name":"Drug resistance","level":2,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81566733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047544","display_name":"Hypervariable region","level":3,"score":0.28040000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67905577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215980","display_name":"Ribosomal RNA","level":3,"score":0.2687999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775846227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340774","display_name":"Endometritis","level":3,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiomes/articles/10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387284079","display_name":"Frontiers in Microbiomes","issn_l":"2813-4338","issn":["2813-4338"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Microbiomes","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13677908","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13677908/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13677908/pdf/frmbi-05-1900716.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Microbiomes","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42898518","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42898518","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in microbiomes","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2ee1e03c95b743f897884366acfc2d29","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2ee1e03c95b743f897884366acfc2d29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Microbiomes, Vol 5 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiomes/articles/10.3389/frmbi.2026.1900716/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387284079","display_name":"Frontiers in Microbiomes","issn_l":"2813-4338","issn":["2813-4338"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Microbiomes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8371999859809875,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"score":0.6735000014305115,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220371053.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220371053.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979427154","https://openalex.org/W1995964537","https://openalex.org/W2024720979","https://openalex.org/W2077994120","https://openalex.org/W2078361108","https://openalex.org/W2080674517","https://openalex.org/W2099049253","https://openalex.org/W2106286901","https://openalex.org/W2123402700","https://openalex.org/W2132050319","https://openalex.org/W2136931384","https://openalex.org/W2142343447","https://openalex.org/W2146130933","https://openalex.org/W2181417855","https://openalex.org/W2225267260","https://openalex.org/W2273873162","https://openalex.org/W2291229386","https://openalex.org/W2425177355","https://openalex.org/W2603176120","https://openalex.org/W2617685365","https://openalex.org/W2741572010","https://openalex.org/W2809073263","https://openalex.org/W2953033333","https://openalex.org/W2978275207","https://openalex.org/W3039438719","https://openalex.org/W3045258791","https://openalex.org/W3048546206","https://openalex.org/W3087918928","https://openalex.org/W3092531265","https://openalex.org/W3128209128","https://openalex.org/W3180482814","https://openalex.org/W3190856395","https://openalex.org/W3200955190","https://openalex.org/W3217162469","https://openalex.org/W4212832278","https://openalex.org/W4225725822","https://openalex.org/W4280541053","https://openalex.org/W4386102840","https://openalex.org/W4390495650","https://openalex.org/W4390534921","https://openalex.org/W4392302030","https://openalex.org/W4392922273","https://openalex.org/W4395051360","https://openalex.org/W4395451660","https://openalex.org/W4396835598","https://openalex.org/W4398237738","https://openalex.org/W4399661377","https://openalex.org/W4401728371","https://openalex.org/W4401869665","https://openalex.org/W4402396377","https://openalex.org/W4403317578","https://openalex.org/W4405025960","https://openalex.org/W4405407517","https://openalex.org/W4408581843","https://openalex.org/W4408910920","https://openalex.org/W4410617717","https://openalex.org/W4410719088","https://openalex.org/W4411358928"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3019475287","https://openalex.org/W7139401807","https://openalex.org/W4409919405","https://openalex.org/W4400925259","https://openalex.org/W4388290590","https://openalex.org/W2625062183","https://openalex.org/W3217162469","https://openalex.org/W4401728371","https://openalex.org/W4385459827","https://openalex.org/W2603176120"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vaginal":[0],"bacterial":[1,16],"communities":[2,17,212],"are":[3],"increasingly":[4],"recognized":[5],"as":[6],"key":[7],"determinants":[8],"of":[9,22,44,49,81,96,112,208,245],"fertility":[10],"in":[11,18,91,133,180,187,197,253,263],"cattle.":[12,145],"This":[13,222],"study":[14,223,252],"explored":[15],"the":[19,32,37,45,65,71,92,97,103,156,165,206,215,225,229,243,250],"cervico-vaginal":[20,257],"mucus":[21],"healthy":[23,141,198],"heifers,":[24],"cows":[25,30],"with":[26,55,171],"cervicitis,":[27,181],"repeat-breeding,":[28],"and":[29,42,61,85,115,128,136,143,153,191,233,240,259,273],"within":[31],"35-day":[33],"postpartum":[34],"period":[35],"using":[36,269],"microbiological":[38],"culture":[39],"method":[40],"(n=35)":[41],"sequencing":[43],"V3-V4":[46],"hypervariable":[47],"regions":[48],"16S":[50,107,274],"rRNA":[51,108,275],"gene":[52,276],"(n=18),":[53],"along":[54],"antimicrobial":[56,74,220,260],"susceptibility":[57],"testing.":[58],"Micrococcus":[59],"spp.":[60,63],"Enterobacter":[62],"were":[64,99,121],"top":[66],"two":[67],"bacteria":[68],"isolated":[69,93],"across":[70,159,265],"groups.":[72,161],"Alarmingly,":[73],"sensitivity":[75],"tests":[76],"revealed":[77,164],"a":[78,110,172],"high":[79],"prevalence":[80],"multidrug":[82],"resistance":[83,89,261],"(71.7%)":[84],"elevated":[86],"multiple":[87],"antibiotic":[88],"indices":[90],"bacteria;":[94],"none":[95],"isolates":[98],"sensitive":[100],"to":[101,218,255],"all":[102,160],"tested":[104],"bacteria.":[105],"From":[106],"sequencing,":[109],"total":[111],"1,047,482":[113],"sequences":[114],"2,366":[116],"operational":[117],"taxonomic":[118],"units":[119],"(OTUs)":[120],"generated.":[122],"All":[123],"groups":[124],"shared":[125],"434":[126],"OTUs,":[127],"they":[129],"did":[130],"not":[131],"differ":[132],"alpha":[134],"diversity":[135,138],"beta":[137],"except":[139],"for":[140,227,237],"heifers":[142],"cervicitis":[144],"Bacillota,":[146],"followed":[147],"by":[148],"Pseudomonadota,":[149],"Fusobacteriota,":[150],"Actinomycetota,":[151],"Bacteroidota,":[152],"Mycoplasmatota":[154],"dominated":[155],"vaginal":[157,210,231],"microbiota":[158,232,258],"Genus-level":[162],"comparisons":[163],"following":[166],"group-specific":[167],"enriched":[168],"taxa:":[169],"Chryseobacterium":[170],"linear":[173],"discriminant":[174],"analysis":[175],"(LDA)":[176],"score":[177,184,194],">":[178,185,195],"3":[179],"Filifactor":[182],"(LDA":[183,193],"2)":[186],"repeat":[188],"breeding":[189],"cow,":[190],"Histophilus":[192],"3.5)":[196],"heifers.":[199],"These":[200],"findings":[201],"offer":[202],"important":[203],"insights":[204],"into":[205],"structure":[207],"bovine":[209],"microbial":[211],"while":[213],"highlighting":[214],"urgent":[216],"need":[217],"monitor":[219],"resistance.":[221],"lays":[224],"groundwork":[226],"defining":[228],"core":[230],"its":[234],"potential":[235],"implications":[236],"reproductive":[238,267],"health":[239],"disease.":[241],"To":[242],"best":[244],"our":[246],"knowledge,":[247],"this":[248],"is":[249],"first":[251],"Nepal":[254],"investigate":[256],"patterns":[262],"cattle":[264],"different":[266],"statuses":[268],"both":[270],"culture-dependent":[271],"methods":[272],"sequencing.":[277]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00"}