{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220356468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.02328","title":"Inferring magnetic field strengths in high-redshift lensing galaxies from Faraday rotation measure observations","display_name":"Inferring magnetic field strengths in high-redshift lensing galaxies from Faraday rotation measure observations","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220356468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.02328"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.02328","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.02328","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.02328","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.02328","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006769312","display_name":"Stefan Rei\u00dfl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5222-9139","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5222-9139"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reissl, Stefan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg , Zentrum f\u00fcr Astronomie , Institut f\u00fcr Theoretische Astrophysik , Albert-Ueberle-Stra\u00dfe 2 , D-69120 Heidelberg , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg , Zentrum f\u00fcr Astronomie , Institut f\u00fcr Theoretische Astrophysik , Albert-Ueberle-Stra\u00dfe 2 , D-69120 Heidelberg , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062809181","display_name":"Ralf Stephan Klessen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0560-3172","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0560-3172"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Klessen, Ralf S.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg , Interdisziplin\u00e4res Zentrum f\u00fcr Wissenschaftliches Rechnen , Im Neuenheimer Feld 205 , D-69120 Heidelberg , Germany","Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg , Zentrum f\u00fcr Astronomie , Institut f\u00fcr Theoretische Astrophysik , Albert-Ueberle-Stra\u00dfe 2 , D-69120 Heidelberg , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg , Interdisziplin\u00e4res Zentrum f\u00fcr Wissenschaftliches Rechnen , Im Neuenheimer Feld 205 , D-69120 Heidelberg , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg , Zentrum f\u00fcr Astronomie , Institut f\u00fcr Theoretische Astrophysik , Albert-Ueberle-Stra\u00dfe 2 , D-69120 Heidelberg , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078649440","display_name":"Annalisa Pillepich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1065-9274","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1065-9274"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109156","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Astronomy","ror":"https://ror.org/01vhnrs90","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210109156"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pillepich, Annalisa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max-Planck-Institut f\u00fcr Astronomie , Konigstuhl 17 , D-69117 Heidelberg , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max-Planck-Institut f\u00fcr Astronomie , Konigstuhl 17 , D-69117 Heidelberg , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016319265","display_name":"Sui Ann Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8906-7866","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8906-7866"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158571","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy","ror":"https://ror.org/04jvemc39","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210158571"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mao, Sui Ann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max-Planck-Institut f\u00fcr Radioastronomie , Auf dem H\u00fcgel 69 , D-53121 Bonn , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max-Planck-Institut f\u00fcr Radioastronomie , Auf dem H\u00fcgel 69 , D-53121 Bonn , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060846825","display_name":"R\u00fcdiger Pakmor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3308-2420","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3308-2420"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103661","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/017qcv467","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210103661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pakmor, R\u00fcdiger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max-Planck-Institut f\u00fcr Astrophysik , Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1 , D-85748 , Garching , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max-Planck-Institut f\u00fcr Astrophysik , Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1 , D-85748 , Garching , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103661"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122495817","display_name":"Dylan Nelson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8421-5890","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8421-5890"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nelson, Dylan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg , Zentrum f\u00fcr Astronomie , Institut f\u00fcr Theoretische Astrophysik , Albert-Ueberle-Stra\u00dfe 2 , D-69120 Heidelberg , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg , Zentrum f\u00fcr Astronomie , Institut f\u00fcr Theoretische Astrophysik , Albert-Ueberle-Stra\u00dfe 2 , D-69120 Heidelberg , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.9258000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.9258000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10744","display_name":"Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations","score":0.03480000048875809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10477","display_name":"Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies","score":0.012000000104308128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galactic-magnetic-field","display_name":"galactic magnetic fields","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotation-measure","display_name":"rotation measure","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravitationally-lensed-galaxies","display_name":"gravitationally lensed galaxies","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamo-amplification","display_name":"dynamo amplification","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tng50-simulation","display_name":"TNG50 simulation","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarized-radiative-transfer","display_name":"polarized radiative transfer","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-depolarization","display_name":"beam depolarization","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galaxy-inclination","display_name":"galaxy inclination","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field-configuration","display_name":"magnetic field configuration","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-redshift-galaxies","display_name":"high-redshift galaxies","score":0.8050000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.9398999810218811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207230154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848501","display_name":"Faraday effect","level":3,"score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.6722999811172485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98444146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318","display_name":"Galaxy","level":2,"score":0.6438999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135757623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719861","display_name":"Dynamo","level":3,"score":0.5963000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108948954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208138","display_name":"Faraday cage","level":3,"score":0.5160999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.47440001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74050887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848368","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4381999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.40049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155008239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59122","display_name":"Differential rotation","level":3,"score":0.36739999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59375849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013513","display_name":"COSMIC cancer database","level":2,"score":0.3424000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150846664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7602306","display_name":"Stars","level":2,"score":0.33889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190670322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13073796","display_name":"Weak gravitational lensing","level":4,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156055797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204107","display_name":"Galaxy cluster","level":3,"score":0.27790001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129206188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1396108","display_name":"Faraday rotator","level":4,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.2587999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68498078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185243","display_name":"Gravitational lens","level":4,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73329638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527","display_name":"Sky","level":2,"score":0.2533999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20249676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217012","display_name":"Radio galaxy","level":3,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.02328","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.02328","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.02328","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.02328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.02328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.02328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.02328","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.02328","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.02328","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1436661812","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INST 35/1314-1 FUGG.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1442695513","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE 2441 1-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1627648589","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INST35/1134-1 FUGG","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1692958442","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INST35/1503\u20101FUGG","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1886942005","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KL 1358/22-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2828991432","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INST 35/1314\u20101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5284521312","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INST 35","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5583297626","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INST 35/1134-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6461157608","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INST 35/1503\u20101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6965168072","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KL 1358/22-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220356468.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220356468.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1945087730","https://openalex.org/W1601280383","https://openalex.org/W4415143643","https://openalex.org/W7014833669","https://openalex.org/W2874451097","https://openalex.org/W7114800551","https://openalex.org/W1786972318","https://openalex.org/W4296479445","https://openalex.org/W7096391395","https://openalex.org/W2897892420"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Observations":[0],"of":[1,8,33,44,91,122,167,182,204,213,221],"Faraday":[2,48,202],"rotation":[3,49,145,203],"in":[4,67],"the":[5,31,42,58,100,113,129,154,173,195,218,228],"lensing":[6],"galaxy":[7,135],"CLASS":[9,65,183,222],"B1152+199":[10,66,223],"at":[11,190],"z":[12],"=":[13,93,105,176],"0.439":[14],"suggest":[15],"that":[16],"efficient":[17],"dynamo":[18],"mechanisms":[19],"had":[20],"already":[21],"amplified":[22],"galactic":[23],"magnetic":[24,38,131,215],"fields":[25],"by":[26],"this":[27,34],"epoch.":[28],"We":[29,51],"assess":[30],"reliability":[32],"method":[35],"for":[36,96,188],"deriving":[37],"field":[39,89,132],"strengths":[40,90,109],"and":[41,69,71,81,137,198],"likelihood":[43],"observing":[45],"similarly":[46],"large":[47,219],"differences.":[50],"select":[52],"64":[53],"star-forming":[54],"disk":[55],"galaxies":[56],"from":[57,112,148],"TNG50":[59,85,230],"cosmological":[60],"magnetohydrodynamical":[61],"simulation,":[62],"matched":[63],"to":[64,186,194],"mass":[68],"redshift,":[70],"forward":[72],"model":[73],"them":[74],"using":[75],"polarized":[76],"radiative":[77],"transfer":[78],"with":[79,153],"POLARIS":[80],"subsequent":[82],"RM":[83,149],"synthesis.":[84],"predicts":[86],"characteristic":[87],"large-scale":[88,214],"B$_0$":[92,104,118],"1.9-15.6":[94],"$\u03bc$G":[95],"individual":[97],"galaxies,":[98],"while":[99,217],"combined":[101],"sample":[102],"yields":[103],"10.3":[106],"$\u03bc$G.":[107],"Field":[108],"B$_{obs}$":[110,124],"inferred":[111],"synthetic":[114],"observations":[115],"generally":[116],"recover":[117],"within":[119],"a":[120,210],"factor":[121],"three.":[123],"depends":[125],"only":[126],"weakly":[127],"on":[128],"assumed":[130],"geometry,":[133],"whereas":[134],"inclination":[136],"beam":[138,159],"depolarization":[139,160],"have":[140],"stronger":[141],"effects.":[142],"The":[143],"differential":[144],"measure":[146],"recovered":[147],"synthesis":[150],"remains":[151],"correlated":[152],"directly":[155,168],"integrated":[156,169],"value,":[157],"although":[158],"systematically":[161],"reduces":[162],"its":[163],"magnitude.":[164],"Only":[165],"1.41%":[166],"sightline":[170],"pairs":[171],"reproduce":[172],"observed":[174,196],"$\u0394$RM":[175,220],"1040":[177],"$\\pm$":[178],"60":[179],"rad":[180],"m$^{-2}$":[181],"B1152+199,":[184],"increasing":[185],"3.16%":[187],"sightlines":[189],"galactocentric":[191],"distances":[192],"comparable":[193],"2.6":[197],"6.5":[199],"kpc.":[200],"Differential":[201],"gravitationally":[205],"lensed":[206],"sources":[207],"therefore":[208],"provides":[209],"robust":[211],"probe":[212],"fields,":[216],"is":[224],"relatively":[225],"rare":[226],"among":[227],"considered":[229],"analog":[231],"galaxies.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00"}
