{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220192578","doi":null,"title":"The Role of Proactive Leadership in Improving the Quality of Administrative Decisions through Continuous Improvement: A Case Study at the General Company for Ports of Iraq","display_name":"The Role of Proactive Leadership in Improving the Quality of Administrative Decisions through Continuous Improvement: A Case Study at the General Company for Ports of Iraq","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220192578"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.tge.uobasrah.edu.iq:article/221","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://tge.uobasrah.edu.iq/index.php/tge/article/download/221/174","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306511773","display_name":"Gulf  Economist","issn_l":"1817-5880","issn":["1817-5880","3006-1024"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126633494","host_organization_name":"University of Basrah","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1817-5880","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://tge.uobasrah.edu.iq/index.php/tge/article/download/221/174","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157182959","display_name":"Dr. Abbas Abdulhameed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126633494","display_name":"University of Basrah","ror":"https://ror.org/00840ea57","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdulhameed    , Dr. Abbas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Basra -College of Administration and Economics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Basra -College of Administration and Economics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5157182959"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7492946,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14436","display_name":"Employee Performance and Leadership","score":0.3986999988555908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14436","display_name":"Employee Performance and Leadership","score":0.3986999988555908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14465","display_name":"Leadership, Behavior, and Decision-Making Studies","score":0.22010000050067902,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12751","display_name":"Leadership and Management in Organizations","score":0.15379999577999115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proactive-leadership","display_name":"proactive leadership","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-improvement","display_name":"continuous improvement","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/port-management","display_name":"port management","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-sector-efficiency","display_name":"administrative efficiency","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-performance","display_name":"organizational performance","score":0.9990000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.7171000242233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6388000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.42649999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3650999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.36340001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.35199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3425000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.30660000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.289000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32802771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443617","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","level":2,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140781008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221081","display_name":"Service quality","level":3,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2565999925136566}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.tge.uobasrah.edu.iq:article/221","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://tge.uobasrah.edu.iq/index.php/tge/article/download/221/174","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306511773","display_name":"Gulf  Economist","issn_l":"1817-5880","issn":["1817-5880","3006-1024"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126633494","host_organization_name":"University of Basrah","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1817-5880","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.tge.uobasrah.edu.iq:article/221","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://tge.uobasrah.edu.iq/index.php/tge/article/download/221/174","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306511773","display_name":"Gulf  Economist","issn_l":"1817-5880","issn":["1817-5880","3006-1024"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126633494","host_organization_name":"University of Basrah","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1817-5880","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391293080","https://openalex.org/W4400172799","https://openalex.org/W7219509139","https://openalex.org/W7218219031","https://openalex.org/W7220409672","https://openalex.org/W7219558786","https://openalex.org/W7217836199","https://openalex.org/W7221193696","https://openalex.org/W7214624222","https://openalex.org/W4392461259"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641":[0],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629":[1,26,70],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[2,60],"\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644":[3],"\u062f\u0648\u0631":[4,20],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629":[5,76,89],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629":[6,54,90],"\u0641\u064a":[7,12,78],"\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646":[8],"\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629":[9,56],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a":[10],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629":[11,81],"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629":[13],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629":[14],"\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626":[15],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c":[16],"\u0645\u0639":[17],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632":[18],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[19,55,91],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646":[21,66],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631":[22],"\u0643\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631":[23],"\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637.":[24],"\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a":[25],"\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c":[27],"\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629":[28],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c":[29],"\u0648\u062a\u0645":[30],"\u062c\u0645\u0639":[31],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a":[32],"\u0639\u0628\u0631":[33,64],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629":[34],"\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a":[35],"120":[36],"\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c":[37],"\u062a\u0645":[38],"\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f":[39],"118":[40],"\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627":[41],"\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644":[42],"\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645":[43],"\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c":[44],"SPSS":[45],"\u0648AMOS.":[46],"\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a":[47],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c":[48],"\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f":[49],"\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631":[50,61],"\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a":[51],"\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631":[52,63],"\u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629":[53],"\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630":[57],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c":[58],"\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629":[59],"\u063a\u064a\u0631":[62],"\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a":[65],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.":[67],"\u0643\u0645\u0627":[68],"\u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a":[69],"\u0623\u0646":[71],"\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632":[72],"\u0647\u0630\u0627":[73],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639":[74],"\u0645\u0646":[75],"\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645":[77],"\u0631\u0641\u0639":[79],"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629":[80],"\u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646":[82],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621":[83],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a.":[84],"\u0648\u0623\u0648\u0635\u062a":[85],"\u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629":[86],"\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a":[87],"\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a":[88],"\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641":[92],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a":[93],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.":[94]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-07T09:51:55.459714","created_date":"2026-10-05T00:00:00"}
