{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220119946","doi":null,"title":"Artificial Intelligence Tool Usage and Academic Performance Among Students: A Secondary Data Analysis","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Tool Usage and Academic Performance Among Students: A Secondary Data Analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220119946"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.malque.pub:article/17987","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://malque.pub/ojs/index.php/tech/article/view/17987","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407053457","display_name":"NexusTech","issn_l":"3085-9093","issn":["3085-9093"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3085-9093","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://malque.pub/ojs/index.php/tech/article/view/17987","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157135480","display_name":"Althea Bisaya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bisaya, Althea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academic","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134420475","display_name":"Efren Balaba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2707-4875","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2707-4875"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Balaba, Efren","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-achievement","display_name":"academic performance","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-grades","display_name":"student grades","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-tool-use","display_name":"AI tool use","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/study-time","display_name":"study time","score":0.8169999718666077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206041023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751970","display_name":"Wilcoxon signed-rank test","level":3,"score":0.8337000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5286999940872192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5034000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5022000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4961000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159744936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126730","display_name":"Spearman's rank correlation coefficient","level":2,"score":0.46959999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.38580000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.35339999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101601086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3753228","display_name":"Rank correlation","level":2,"score":0.3492000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.3352000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778498041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q915466","display_name":"Academic year","level":2,"score":0.3237999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983454672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14623204","display_name":"Secondary education","level":2,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781206393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748419","display_name":"Academic achievement","level":2,"score":0.3124000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.305400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12868164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424533","display_name":"Mann\u2013Whitney U test","level":2,"score":0.29580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55078378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136628","display_name":"Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient","level":2,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.2953000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157170001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781507","display_name":"Applications of artificial intelligence","level":2,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.malque.pub:article/17987","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://malque.pub/ojs/index.php/tech/article/view/17987","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407053457","display_name":"NexusTech","issn_l":"3085-9093","issn":["3085-9093"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3085-9093","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.malque.pub:article/17987","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://malque.pub/ojs/index.php/tech/article/view/17987","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407053457","display_name":"NexusTech","issn_l":"3085-9093","issn":["3085-9093"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3085-9093","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.975600004196167,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7164685349","https://openalex.org/W7080008496","https://openalex.org/W7202292024","https://openalex.org/W7135238537","https://openalex.org/W7106281396","https://openalex.org/W7061247018","https://openalex.org/W7163883002","https://openalex.org/W7159826343","https://openalex.org/W4414828444","https://openalex.org/W4411210800"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1,39],"a":[2,100,177],"growing":[3],"use":[4,35,53,194],"of":[5,36,54,71,92,158,181,195,208,210],"the":[6,34,49,52,68,93,96,112,170,193,206],"artificial":[7],"intelligence":[8],"(AI)":[9],"tools":[10,38,56,150],"in":[11,16,32,60,169,179,187],"education":[12],"known":[13],"to":[14,41,167,219],"assist":[15],"research,":[17],"writing,":[18],"studying,":[19],"and":[20,57,75,82,87,128,141,173,191,203,216],"other":[21],"academic":[22,42,58],"activities.":[23],"With":[24],"increased":[25],"use,":[26],"there":[27,78],"has":[28,46],"been":[29],"an":[30],"interest":[31],"whether":[33,77],"AI":[37,55,72,113,120,122,149,196,201],"related":[40,218],"performance.":[43,89],"This":[44],"paper":[45],"focused":[47],"on":[48,156],"correlation":[50],"between":[51,84,200],"performance":[59],"students":[61,154],"using":[62],"secondary":[63,101],"data.":[64],"Particularly,":[65],"it":[66],"outlined":[67],"chosen":[69],"signs":[70],"tool":[73],"utilization":[74],"established":[76],"were":[79,111,132,151,185],"strong":[80],"differences":[81],"relationships":[83],"AI-related":[85],"variables":[86],"grade-based":[88],"The":[90,145],"design":[91,98],"study":[94,116,211],"was":[95,214],"descriptive-correlational":[97],"with":[99,103],"dataset":[102],"100":[104],"student":[105],"observations":[106],"provided":[107],"by":[108,153,165],"Kaggle.":[109],"Variables":[110],"usage":[114,123,126],"status,":[115],"hours":[117,209],"per":[118,212],"day,":[119],"used,":[121],"intention,":[124],"pre-":[125],"grades,":[127],"post-usage":[129],"grades.":[130,221],"They":[131],"descriptive":[133],"statistics,":[134],"Spearman":[135],"rank":[136],"correlation,":[137],"Wilcoxon":[138],"signed-rank":[139],"test":[140],"Mann-Whitney":[142],"U":[143],"test.":[144],"results":[146],"demonstrated":[147],"that":[148],"used":[152],"daily":[155],"average":[157],"2.99":[159],"hours.":[160],"Mean":[161],"grades":[162,188],"went":[163],"up":[164],"64.77":[166],"68.70":[168],"pre-AI":[171],"application":[172,175],"post-AI":[174,220],"respectively,":[176],"difference":[178],"means":[180],"3.93.":[182],"Great":[183],"variances":[184],"observed":[186],"measured":[189],"before":[190],"after":[192],"as":[197,199],"well":[198],"users":[202],"non-users.":[204],"Nevertheless,":[205],"number":[207],"day":[213],"weakly":[215],"nonsignificantly":[217]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-10-05T00:00:00"}
