{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7220110576","doi":null,"title":"UPLIFTING STATUS OF PAKISTAN IN GLOBAL MARKET: EXPLOITING WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO) RULES WITHIN COMPETITION POLICY","display_name":"UPLIFTING STATUS OF PAKISTAN IN GLOBAL MARKET: EXPLOITING WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO) RULES WITHIN COMPETITION POLICY","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7220110576"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.journalofcontemporarylegalstudies.online:article/139","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scrrjournal.com/index.php/14/article/view/139","pdf_url":"https://scrrjournal.com/index.php/14/article/download/139/166","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407075397","display_name":"Sociology & Cultural Research Review","issn_l":"3007-3103","issn":["3007-3103","3007-3111"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3007-3103","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://scrrjournal.com/index.php/14/article/download/139/166","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074941241","display_name":"Arooj Aziz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69716792","display_name":"Mirpur University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qjkhc08","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69716792"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arooj Aziz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lecturer Department of Law, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) Mirpur AK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lecturer Department of Law, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) Mirpur AK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69716792"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157042840","display_name":"Iram Abid","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69716792","display_name":"Mirpur University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qjkhc08","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69716792"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iram Abid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lecturer in Pakistan Studies, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) Mirpur AK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lecturer in Pakistan Studies, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) Mirpur AK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69716792"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69716792"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67485782,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.43650001287460327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.43650001287460327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12428","display_name":"Global Trade and Competitiveness","score":0.19900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12156","display_name":"World Trade Organization Law","score":0.1453000009059906,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition-policy","display_name":"competition policy","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-trade-organization","display_name":"World Trade Organization","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/merger-control","display_name":"merger control","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-liberalization","display_name":"trade liberalization","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infant-industry-protection","display_name":"infant industry protection","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tariff-policy","display_name":"tariff policy","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-industry-development","display_name":"local industry development","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internationalization","display_name":"internationalization","score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/globalization","display_name":"globalization","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-cooperation","display_name":"regional cooperation","score":0.7940000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6840999722480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.6531999707221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.6442000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58823610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746418","display_name":"Liberalization","level":2,"score":0.6333000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776060655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52389","display_name":"Tariff","level":2,"score":0.6151000261306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.5547000169754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5321000218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.5217999815940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5163999795913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140413371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q572564","display_name":"Commercial policy","level":2,"score":0.4997999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35532855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200435","display_name":"Free trade","level":2,"score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.46050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182769425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q377302","display_name":"Trade barrier","level":2,"score":0.4205000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.4133000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87980944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664112","display_name":"Industrial policy","level":2,"score":0.33559998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993305921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8036315","display_name":"World trade","level":2,"score":0.3124000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777481183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6770787","display_name":"Market access","level":3,"score":0.30889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2119116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7181","display_name":"Globalization","level":2,"score":0.3034000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33842695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490513","display_name":"Foreign direct investment","level":2,"score":0.29670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779310246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752401","display_name":"Least Developed Countries","level":3,"score":0.2937000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.28299999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121426985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591763","display_name":"Private sector","level":2,"score":0.2648000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777098093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q473750","display_name":"World economy","level":2,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777887871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7246245","display_name":"Private sector development","level":3,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.2558000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160050368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132453","display_name":"Developed country","level":3,"score":0.251800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178411942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622657","display_name":"Market failure","level":2,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.journalofcontemporarylegalstudies.online:article/139","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scrrjournal.com/index.php/14/article/view/139","pdf_url":"https://scrrjournal.com/index.php/14/article/download/139/166","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407075397","display_name":"Sociology & Cultural Research Review","issn_l":"3007-3103","issn":["3007-3103","3007-3111"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3007-3103","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.journalofcontemporarylegalstudies.online:article/139","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scrrjournal.com/index.php/14/article/view/139","pdf_url":"https://scrrjournal.com/index.php/14/article/download/139/166","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407075397","display_name":"Sociology & Cultural Research Review","issn_l":"3007-3103","issn":["3007-3103","3007-3111"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3007-3103","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7257999777793884,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"score":0.651199996471405,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220110576.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7220110576.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2549374712","https://openalex.org/W4243444345","https://openalex.org/W7112131642","https://openalex.org/W159699011","https://openalex.org/W1764793930","https://openalex.org/W1588355549","https://openalex.org/W3122362367","https://openalex.org/W588636698","https://openalex.org/W2892994640","https://openalex.org/W2377046706"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"government":[1],"investment":[2,123],"and":[3,41,54,65,73,87,122,144,146,168,215,217,274,294,325,328],"trade":[4,40,63],"barriers":[5],"have":[6,114],"declined,":[7],"there":[8],"are":[9],"apprehensions":[10],"that":[11,31,68,198,314,335],"the":[12,27,70,82,94,100,107,110,127,132,158,178,209,227,247,277,281,289,309],"advancements":[13],"from":[14,131,208],"such":[15,225],"liberalization":[16],"may":[17],"be":[18,319],"disgruntled":[19],"by":[20],"private":[21],"anti-competitive":[22],"practices.":[23],"As":[24],"a":[25,116,166,199,234,239,297,329,340],"result,":[26],"general":[28],"consensus":[29],"is":[30,35,57,187,267],"sound":[32],"economic":[33,83,236,290,342],"development":[34,79],"achievable":[36],"through":[37,321],"mutually":[38],"supportive":[39],"competition":[42,252],"policies.":[43,125],"Competition":[44,348,350],"policy":[45,49,253],"comprises":[46],"of":[47,51,75,99,109,135,171,211,249,258,271,276,292,304,308,333],"antitrust":[48],"(comprising":[50],"merger":[52],"regulation":[53],"control)":[55],"but":[56],"continually":[58],"enlarged":[59],"to":[60,89,148,164,175,205,232,245,256,299],"encompass":[61],"international":[62],"measures":[64,147],"other":[66],"policies":[67,189,291],"affect":[69],"structure,":[71],"conduct,":[72],"performance":[74],"individual":[76],"industries.":[77],"This":[78,242],"has":[80,102,195],"transpired":[81],"transformation":[84],"viewed":[85],"globally":[86],"leading":[88],"an":[90,250],"increase":[91],"reliance":[92],"on":[93,191,221,269],"market":[95],"mechanism.":[96],"The":[97,311],"influence":[98],"transference":[101],"been":[103,196],"particularly":[104],"felt":[105],"in":[106,173,184,230,280,288,302],"realms":[108],"developing":[111,128,153,200],"countries":[112,129,212],"which":[113],"made":[115],"dramatic":[117],"switch":[118],"toward":[119],"market-":[120],"oriented":[121],"friendly":[124],"Moreover,":[126],"benefit":[130],"special":[133],"provisions":[134],"WTO":[136],"including,":[137],"extended":[138],"time":[139,159],"periods":[140],"for":[141,152,162],"implementing":[142],"commitment":[143],"agreements,":[145],"improve":[149],"trading":[150],"opportunities":[151],"countries.":[154],"Notwithstanding":[155],"these":[156,300],"advancements,":[157],"requires":[160],"now":[161],"Pakistan":[163,203,293],"device":[165],"complete":[167],"effective":[169,251,331],"set":[170],"rules":[172],"order":[174,231],"compete":[176],"with":[177,254],"global":[179,326],"market.":[180],"A":[181],"growing":[182],"concern":[183],"this":[185,264],"regard":[186],"import":[188],"based":[190,268],"tariff":[192],"regimes.":[193],"It":[194],"observed":[197],"nation":[201],"like":[202,213],"needs":[204],"take":[206],"lesson":[207],"economies":[210],"Thailand":[214],"India":[216],"how":[218],"they":[219],"worked":[220],"certain":[222,286,305],"key":[223],"industries":[224,229,307],"as":[226],"infant":[228],"achieve":[233],"concrete":[235],"status":[237],"within":[238,261],"few":[240],"years.":[241],"paper":[243,312],"aims":[244],"analyze":[246],"need":[248],"respect":[255],"growth":[257],"local":[259],"industry":[260],"Pakistan.":[262],"In":[263],"paper,":[265],"research":[266],"analysis":[270],"statistical":[272],"data":[273],"opinions":[275],"people":[278],"learned":[279],"subject,":[282],"it":[283],"also":[284],"highlights":[285],"loopholes":[287],"lastly":[295],"provides":[296],"solution":[298],"issues":[301],"light":[303],"major":[306],"country.":[310],"argues":[313],"Capacity":[315],"building":[316],"can":[317,336],"only":[318],"achieved":[320],"mutual":[322],"consensus,":[323],"regional":[324],"cooperation":[327],"more":[330,341],"round":[332],"ideas":[334],"shift":[337],"positively":[338],"towards":[339],"efficient":[343],"policy.":[344],"Keywords:":[345],"Internationalization,":[346],"Globalization,":[347],"law,":[349],"Policies,":[351,357],"Infant":[352],"Industry":[353],"Protection,":[354],"WTO,":[355],"Economic":[356],"Trade,":[358],"Regional":[359],"Cooperation":[360]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-06T10:28:23.643775","created_date":"2026-10-05T00:00:00"}
