{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7219954118","doi":null,"title":"The Impact of Oil Revenues on Selected Sustainable Development Indicators in Iraq: An Analytical Study after 2003","display_name":"The Impact of Oil Revenues on Selected Sustainable Development Indicators in Iraq: An Analytical Study after 2003","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7219954118"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.tge.uobasrah.edu.iq:article/251","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://tge.uobasrah.edu.iq/index.php/tge/article/download/251/199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306511773","display_name":"Gulf  Economist","issn_l":"1817-5880","issn":["1817-5880","3006-1024"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126633494","host_organization_name":"University of Basrah","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1817-5880","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://tge.uobasrah.edu.iq/index.php/tge/article/download/251/199","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157294358","display_name":"Asst.Prof. Mohammed . Aowda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126633494","display_name":"University of Basrah","ror":"https://ror.org/00840ea57","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":". Aowda                            , Asst.Prof. Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of  Economics. The University of Basrah..Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of  Economics. The University of Basrah..Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5157294358"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74883028,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11823","display_name":"Natural Resources and Economic Development","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11823","display_name":"Natural Resources and Economic Development","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12446","display_name":"Economic Growth and Fiscal Policies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12013","display_name":"Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-revenue","display_name":"oil revenue","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainability-indicators","display_name":"sustainability indicators","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iraq","display_name":"Iraq","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiscal-policy","display_name":"fiscal policy","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-development","display_name":"economic development","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-2003-iraq","display_name":"post-2003 Iraq","score":0.8629999756813049}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.5680999755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5101000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.447299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.4438000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.40290001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.39329999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3231000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2671999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.tge.uobasrah.edu.iq:article/251","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://tge.uobasrah.edu.iq/index.php/tge/article/download/251/199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306511773","display_name":"Gulf  Economist","issn_l":"1817-5880","issn":["1817-5880","3006-1024"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126633494","host_organization_name":"University of Basrah","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1817-5880","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.tge.uobasrah.edu.iq:article/251","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://tge.uobasrah.edu.iq/index.php/tge/article/download/251/199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306511773","display_name":"Gulf  Economist","issn_l":"1817-5880","issn":["1817-5880","3006-1024"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126633494","host_organization_name":"University of Basrah","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1817-5880","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.4399999976158142}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4406790751","https://openalex.org/W3193998656","https://openalex.org/W7117685517","https://openalex.org/W7161558930","https://openalex.org/W4402654668","https://openalex.org/W7156329771","https://openalex.org/W7221303431","https://openalex.org/W4411912829","https://openalex.org/W4225701355","https://openalex.org/W4296750433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635":[0],"\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644":[1],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f":[2,25,44,80,116,134],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a\u0629":[3,26,55,81,135],"\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629":[4,79],"\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629":[5],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629":[6,18,49],"\u0644\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631":[7],"\u0645\u0646":[8,53,84,114,121],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a":[9],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629":[10],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629":[11],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[12,103],"\u062d\u062f":[13],"\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621":[14],"\u060c":[15,22,47,77,96,126],"\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643":[16],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644":[17],"\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644":[19],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629":[20,24],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u0629":[21],"\u0641\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644":[23],"\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645":[27,65,71],"\u0641\u064a":[28,60,66,72,82,87,92,136],"\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644":[29,88],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629":[30,89],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629":[31,90,95],"\u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642":[32],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648":[33],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629":[34],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629":[35,75,105],"\u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646":[36,138],"\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a":[37,139],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629":[38,74,140],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.":[39],"\u0627\u0630\u0627":[40],"\u062a\u0645":[41],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645":[42],"\u0647\u0630\u0647":[43],"\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644":[45],"\u062c\u064a\u062f":[46],"\u0627\u0645\u0627":[48],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u0629":[50],"\u0641\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627":[51],"\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f":[52],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a":[54],"\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627":[56],"\u0643\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f":[57],"\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f":[58],"\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629":[59],"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a":[61],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629":[62],"\u0623\u064a":[63],"\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627":[64],"\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c":[67],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639":[68],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a":[69],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[70],"\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642":[73,137],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629":[76],"\u0648\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649":[78],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642":[83],"\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644":[85],"\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627":[86],"\u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629":[91],"\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628":[93],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a":[94],"\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643":[97],"\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646":[98],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639":[99],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a":[100],"\u0647\u0648":[101],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646":[102],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629":[104],"\u0627\u0630":[106],"\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644":[107],"\u0628\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f":[108],"\u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a":[109],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c":[110],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a":[111],"\u0648\u0628\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f":[112,119],"95%":[113],"\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639":[115],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629":[117],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629":[118],"98%":[120],"\u0623\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a":[122],"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a":[123],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629":[124],"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629":[125],"\u0648\u0641\u064a":[127],"\u0647\u0630\u0627":[128],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b":[129],"\u0633\u0648\u0641":[130],"\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636":[131],"\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629":[132],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631":[133],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629":[141],".":[142]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-07T09:51:55.459714","created_date":"2026-10-05T00:00:00"}