{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7219548281","doi":null,"title":"The Social Implications of Gift-Giving and the Extent to Which It Constitutes Bribery: A Field Study of a Sample of Male and Female Employees at Omar Al-Mukhtar University","display_name":"The Social Implications of Gift-Giving and the Extent to Which It Constitutes Bribery: A Field Study of a Sample of Male and Female Employees at Omar Al-Mukhtar University","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7219548281"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.alasala.alandalus-libya.org.ly:article/1566","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://alasala.alandalus-libya.org.ly/ojs/index.php/aj/article/view/1566","pdf_url":"https://alasala.alandalus-libya.org.ly/ojs/index.php/aj/article/download/1566/1295","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407058691","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0629","issn_l":"3079-0611","issn":["3079-0611","3079-062X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3079-0611","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://alasala.alandalus-libya.org.ly/ojs/index.php/aj/article/download/1566/1295","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032356962","display_name":"\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a, \u0631\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0648\u0636","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032356962"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76391081,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.7188000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.7188000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11058","display_name":"Ethics in Business and Education","score":0.2393999993801117,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10006","display_name":"Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior","score":0.0035000001080334187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gift-giving","display_name":"gift-giving","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bribery","display_name":"bribery","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-relationships","display_name":"interpersonal relationships","score":0.42399999499320984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.7117000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6764000058174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5248000025749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4632999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3165999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129454956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1402508","display_name":"Field research","level":2,"score":0.2531999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.23409999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.20890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987946170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853725","display_name":"Social relationship","level":2,"score":0.2053000032901764}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.alasala.alandalus-libya.org.ly:article/1566","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://alasala.alandalus-libya.org.ly/ojs/index.php/aj/article/view/1566","pdf_url":"https://alasala.alandalus-libya.org.ly/ojs/index.php/aj/article/download/1566/1295","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407058691","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0629","issn_l":"3079-0611","issn":["3079-0611","3079-062X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3079-0611","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.alasala.alandalus-libya.org.ly:article/1566","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://alasala.alandalus-libya.org.ly/ojs/index.php/aj/article/view/1566","pdf_url":"https://alasala.alandalus-libya.org.ly/ojs/index.php/aj/article/download/1566/1295","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407058691","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0629","issn_l":"3079-0611","issn":["3079-0611","3079-062X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3079-0611","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7219548281.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7219548281.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391724671","https://openalex.org/W3136094301","https://openalex.org/W2006882480","https://openalex.org/W4415478542","https://openalex.org/W7096277816","https://openalex.org/W6991353450","https://openalex.org/W2618758294","https://openalex.org/W1508914158","https://openalex.org/W2272518191","https://openalex.org/W3117211191"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a":[0],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629":[1,40],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[2,9],"\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629":[3],"\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631":[4],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629":[5,54],"\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0629":[6,16],"\u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649":[7],"\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627":[8],"\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0629\u060c":[10],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641":[11],"\u0639\u0646":[12,41],"\u0645\u062f\u0649":[13],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629":[14],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646":[15],"\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0645":[17],"\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c":[18],"\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643":[19],"\u0645\u0646":[20,28,31,112],"\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644":[21],"\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629":[22],"\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629":[23],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[24,50],"\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629":[25],"\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629":[26],"\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629":[27],"20":[29],"\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629":[30],"\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a":[32],"\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0627\u062a":[33],"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629":[34],"\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628":[35],"\u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629":[36],"\u0639\u0645\u0631":[37],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631.":[38],"\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a":[39],"\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629":[42],"\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c":[43],"\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627":[44],"\u0623\u0646":[45,60],"\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0629":[46,62,91,104],"\u0644\u0647\u0627":[47],"\u0623\u062b\u0631":[48],"\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a":[49],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f":[51,99],"\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a":[52],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a":[53],"\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629":[55],"75%\u060c":[56],"\u0648\u0623\u0646":[57],"85%":[58],"\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646":[59],"\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645":[61],"\u0641\u064a":[63,87,108],"\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646":[64],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644":[65],"\u062a\u0639\u062f":[66],"\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0629":[67],"\u0648\u0647\u064a":[68],"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644":[69,109],"\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629":[70,110],"\u062d\u062a\u0649":[71],"\u0625\u0630\u0627":[72],"\u0644\u0645":[73],"\u062a\u0643\u0646":[74],"\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644":[75],"\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631.":[76],"\u0648\u0623\u062f\u0649":[77],"\u0630\u0644\u0643":[78],"\u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c":[79],"\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629":[80],"\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a":[81],"\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627":[82],"\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641":[83],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f":[84],"\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c":[85],"\u062e\u0637\u0628":[86],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f":[88],"\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d":[89],"\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629":[90],"\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627":[92,95],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a":[93],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0629":[94,105],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u060c":[96],"\u0648\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629":[97],"\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f":[98],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646":[100],"\u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629":[101],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629":[102],"\u0628\u064a\u0646":[103],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[106],"\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0649":[107],"\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a":[111],"\u062d\u0642":[113],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2026-10-04T00:00:00"}