{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7218906229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.68496/zjhs.17","title":"Cross-Cultural Dimensions of Global Leadership: Evidence from IVLP Participants in the Kurdistan Region (2019\u20132025)","display_name":"Cross-Cultural Dimensions of Global Leadership: Evidence from IVLP Participants in the Kurdistan Region (2019\u20132025)","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7218906229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.68496/zjhs.17"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.68496/zjhs.17","doi":"https://doi.org/10.68496/zjhs.17","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.68496/zjhs.17","pdf_url":"https://zjhs.uod.ac/index.php/pub/article/download/17/9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407089428","display_name":"Zanin Journal of Humanities Studies","issn_l":"3135-8403","issn":["3135-8403","3135-8411"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Zanin Journal of Humanities Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://zjhs.uod.ac/index.php/pub/article/download/17/9","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028888869","display_name":"Maqsood Mohammad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2133-8756","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2133-8756"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128557","display_name":"Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03m5ehy13","country_code":"IQ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128557"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maqsood Saadi Mohammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Higher Education and  Scientific Research/ Kurdistan Region- Iraq","Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research/ Kurdistan Region- Iraq, Hadi chawshly street, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2133-8756","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Higher Education and  Scientific Research/ Kurdistan Region- Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128557"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research/ Kurdistan Region- Iraq, Hadi chawshly street, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128557"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028888869"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128557"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73730058,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":"69","last_page":"86"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10907","display_name":"International Student and Expatriate Challenges","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10907","display_name":"International Student and Expatriate Challenges","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14031","display_name":"Global and Cross-Cultural Management","score":0.004600000102072954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1403","display_name":"Business and International Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13795","display_name":"Language, Communication, and Linguistic Studies","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-cultural-leadership","display_name":"cross-cultural leadership","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-leadership","display_name":"global leadership","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intercultural-competence","display_name":"intercultural competence","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusive-leadership","display_name":"inclusive leadership","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-leadership","display_name":"strategic leadership","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-experience","display_name":"international experience","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leadership-training","display_name":"leadership training","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kurdistan-region","display_name":"Iraqi Kurdistan","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-volunteers","display_name":"international volunteers","score":0.3179999887943268}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.6417999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.4699000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.43320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.4058000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.358599990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994008635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q730675","display_name":"Quantitative methodology","level":2,"score":0.35749998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.32249999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95986675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185168","display_name":"Quantitative analysis (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.30869999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779318504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1438035","display_name":"Research design","level":2,"score":0.30869999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2590000033378601}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.68496/zjhs.17","doi":"https://doi.org/10.68496/zjhs.17","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.68496/zjhs.17","pdf_url":"https://zjhs.uod.ac/index.php/pub/article/download/17/9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407089428","display_name":"Zanin Journal of Humanities Studies","issn_l":"3135-8403","issn":["3135-8403","3135-8411"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Zanin Journal of Humanities Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.6322498","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6322498","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6322498","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.68496/zjhs.17","doi":"https://doi.org/10.68496/zjhs.17","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.68496/zjhs.17","pdf_url":"https://zjhs.uod.ac/index.php/pub/article/download/17/9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407089428","display_name":"Zanin Journal of Humanities Studies","issn_l":"3135-8403","issn":["3135-8403","3135-8411"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Zanin Journal of Humanities Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4156000018119812,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7218906229.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7218906229.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7154936538","https://openalex.org/W7214141541","https://openalex.org/W3101117892","https://openalex.org/W2109735212","https://openalex.org/W6949638216","https://openalex.org/W7005747840","https://openalex.org/W6945213056","https://openalex.org/W2473526526","https://openalex.org/W305657642","https://openalex.org/W2563299429"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,21,50],"examines":[2],"the":[3,9,13,24,35,39,42,55,58,65,90,113,128,139,162,165,168,178,185,198,200,204],"application":[4],"of":[5,15,85,109,115,130,143,156,164,209],"cross-cultural":[6,172,224],"competencies":[7],"by":[8,127],"IVLP":[10,56,86,149],"members":[11],"in":[12,17,54,57,88,167,197,217],"region":[14],"Kurdistan":[16,59,91,169],"their":[18],"leadership.":[19],"The":[20,95,107,141,171],"has":[22,151],"used":[23],"quantitative":[25],"design":[26],"to":[27,72,80,135,176,192],"gather":[28],"data":[29,75,110],"through":[30],"a":[31,49,68,81,152,194,207],"structured":[32],"questionnaire":[33,69],"with":[34,112],"target":[36],"group":[37],"being":[38],"participants":[40,163],"between":[41],"years":[43],"2019":[44],"and":[45,76,99,104,118,137,180,184,188,202,211],"2025.":[46],"It":[47],"was":[48,52,70,78,133,174],"that":[51,77,148,213],"conducted":[53],"Region":[60,92],"-":[61,93],"Iraq.":[62,94],"To":[63],"achieve":[64],"research":[66],"goals,":[67],"created":[71],"collect":[73],"field":[74],"given":[79],"randomly":[82],"selected":[83],"sample":[84],"alumni":[87],"2019-2025":[89],"valid":[96],"questionnaires":[97],"received":[98],"processed":[100],"were":[101,125,190],"one":[102],"hundred":[103],"eleven":[105],"(111).":[106],"analysis":[108,123],"happened":[111],"use":[114],"SPSS":[116],"(V.27)":[117],"AMOS":[119],"(V.25).":[120],"serval":[121],"statistical":[122],"indicators":[124],"calculated,":[126],"basis":[129],"which":[131],"it":[132],"proposed":[134],"discourse":[136],"present":[138],"results.":[140],"findings":[142],"this":[144],"paper":[145],"have":[146,193],"shown":[147],"program":[150,166],"very":[153],"pronounced":[154],"effect":[155],"improving":[157,203],"global":[158],"leadership":[159,182],"practice":[160],"among":[161],"region.":[170],"exposure":[173],"found":[175,191],"strengthen":[177],"inclusive":[179],"strategic":[181],"behaviour,":[183],"international":[186],"experience":[187],"learning":[189],"leading":[195],"role":[196],"broadening":[199],"approach":[201],"practice.":[205],"Lastly,":[206],"list":[208],"recommendations":[210],"additions":[212],"should":[214],"be":[215],"included":[216],"training":[218],"modules":[219],"is":[220],"more":[221],"centered":[222],"on":[223],"interactions.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-10-04T00:00:00"}