{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7218533912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31272/ijes.v24i\u062e\u0627\u0635.1565","title":"Using the Hybrid ARDL\u2013GRU Model in Investigating the Dynamic Relationship between Dinar Deposits and US Dollar Payments at the Central Bank of Iraq","display_name":"Using the Hybrid ARDL\u2013GRU Model in Investigating the Dynamic Relationship between Dinar Deposits and US Dollar Payments at the Central Bank of Iraq","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7218533912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31272/ijes.v24i\u062e\u0627\u0635.1565"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.ecournal.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq:article/1565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31272/ijes.v24i\u062e\u0627\u0635.1565","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ecournal.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/ecournal/article/view/1565","pdf_url":"https://ecournal.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/ecournal/article/download/1565/1204","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222878","display_name":"Iraqi Journal of Economic Sciences","issn_l":"1812-8742","issn":["1812-8742","2791-092X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319168","host_organization_name":"Al-Mustansiriya University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319168"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Al-Mustansiriya University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.31272/ijes.v24i\u062e\u0627\u0635","raw_type":"\u0645\u0624\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0645"},"volume":null,"type":"book","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ecournal.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/ecournal/article/download/1565/1204","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5156447312","display_name":"\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u0631\u0645","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u0631\u0645","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108125219","display_name":"\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134589310","display_name":"Abdulrazzaq Tallal Akram","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulrazzaq Tallal Akram","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029098757","display_name":"Omar Abdulmohsin Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0274-9325","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0274-9325"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omar Abdulmohsin Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78909465,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.9380000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.9380000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11918","display_name":"Forecasting Techniques and Applications","score":0.022199999541044235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10127","display_name":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","score":0.017500000074505806,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-bank-of-iraq","display_name":"Central Bank of Iraq","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-networks","display_name":"recurrent neural networks","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-run-cointegration","display_name":"long-run cointegration","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monetary-policy","display_name":"monetary policy","score":0.40799999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-exchange-market-stability","display_name":"foreign exchange market stability","score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exchange-rate-forecasting","display_name":"exchange rate forecasting","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquidity-management","display_name":"liquidity management","score":0.4350000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5412999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992735868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66344","display_name":"Central bank","level":3,"score":0.4973999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109168655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242988","display_name":"Liberian dollar","level":2,"score":0.48179998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.47850000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.447299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019931467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917","display_name":"Us dollar","level":3,"score":0.34040001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983132609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66076","display_name":"Foreign exchange","level":2,"score":0.33320000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776988154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66100","display_name":"Exchange rate","level":2,"score":0.3046000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73283319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416617","display_name":"Financial system","level":1,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109948328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140845","display_name":"Balance of payments","level":2,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780962165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1351807","display_name":"Remittance","level":2,"score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159009313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283159","display_name":"Distributed lag","level":2,"score":0.25049999356269836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.ecournal.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq:article/1565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31272/ijes.v24i\u062e\u0627\u0635.1565","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ecournal.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/ecournal/article/view/1565","pdf_url":"https://ecournal.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/ecournal/article/download/1565/1204","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222878","display_name":"Iraqi Journal of Economic Sciences","issn_l":"1812-8742","issn":["1812-8742","2791-092X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319168","host_organization_name":"Al-Mustansiriya University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319168"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Al-Mustansiriya University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.31272/ijes.v24i\u062e\u0627\u0635","raw_type":"\u0645\u0624\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0645"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.ecournal.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq:article/1565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31272/ijes.v24i\u062e\u0627\u0635.1565","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ecournal.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/ecournal/article/view/1565","pdf_url":"https://ecournal.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/ecournal/article/download/1565/1204","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222878","display_name":"Iraqi Journal of Economic Sciences","issn_l":"1812-8742","issn":["1812-8742","2791-092X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319168","host_organization_name":"Al-Mustansiriya University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319168"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Al-Mustansiriya University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.31272/ijes.v24i\u062e\u0627\u0635","raw_type":"\u0645\u0624\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0645"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7218533912.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7218533912.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1924770834","https://openalex.org/W3098184859","https://openalex.org/W4405369481"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7160537203","https://openalex.org/W2947259107","https://openalex.org/W4412005537","https://openalex.org/W3096963298","https://openalex.org/W2738017189","https://openalex.org/W3110707444","https://openalex.org/W7160766304","https://openalex.org/W4411624895","https://openalex.org/W2309877392","https://openalex.org/W7215566968"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641":[0],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b":[1,128],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[2],"\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644":[3],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629":[4],"\u0628\u064a\u0646":[5,40],"\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a":[6,58],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631":[7,59],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a":[8,107],"\u0648\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a":[9],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631":[10,48],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a":[11,49,122],"\u0641\u064a":[12,54,88,108],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643":[13,105],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a":[14,106],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u060c":[15],"\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645":[16],"\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a":[17],"\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629":[18],"\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a":[19],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629":[20],"\u0645\u0646":[21],"\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646":[22],"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a":[23],"2016":[24],"\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629":[25],"\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646":[26],"2025.":[27],"\u0648\u062a\u0645":[28],"\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642":[29],"\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c":[30],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631":[31],"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a":[32],"\u0630\u0648":[33],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a":[34],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629ARDL\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629":[35],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629":[36],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629GRU\u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c":[37],"\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646":[38],"\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639":[39],"ARDL":[41,80],"\u0648GRU.":[42],"\u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a":[43],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c":[44,103],"\u0623\u0646":[45,77],"\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629":[46,57],"\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a":[47],"\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629":[50,60],"\u0639\u0646\u062f":[51],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649":[52],"(I(0\u060c":[53],"\u062d\u064a\u0646":[55,89],"\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d":[56],"\u0628\u0639\u062f":[61],"\u0627\u062e\u0630":[62],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642":[63],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644":[64],"(I(1\u060c":[65],"\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0650\u0631":[66],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646":[67],"\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629":[68],"\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644":[69],"\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643":[70],"\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629":[71],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649":[72],"\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629":[73],"\u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629":[74],"\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627.":[75],"\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d":[76],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c":[78,91],"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a":[79],"\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643":[81],"\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629":[82],"\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629":[83],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[84,114],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637":[85],"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a":[86],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629\u060c":[87],"\u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642":[90],"\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646":[92],"ARDL\u2013GRU":[93],"\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b":[94],"\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u064a\u064b\u0627":[95],"\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627":[96],"\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621":[97],"\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644":[98],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629":[99],"\u0623\u0648":[100],"\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627.":[101],"\u0648\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f":[102],"\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629":[104],"\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629":[109],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629":[110],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629":[111],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629":[112],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638":[113],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631":[115],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c":[116],"\u0643\u0645\u0627":[117],"\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645":[118],"\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a":[119],"\u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a":[120],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631":[121],"\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629":[123],"\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629":[124],"\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631":[125],"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629.":[126],"\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0635\u064a":[127],"\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f":[129],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c":[130],"\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629":[131],"\u0648\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644":[132],"\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a":[133],"\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629":[134],"\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c":[135],"\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645":[136],"\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a":[137],"\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629":[138],"\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631":[139],"\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646":[140],"\u062f\u0642\u0629":[141],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624":[142],"\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645":[143],"\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a":[144],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629":[145],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629":[146]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-04T00:00:00"}